Python3 ModuleNotFoundError:没有名为“lot”的模块

Question

我正在尝试运行一个python3单元测试脚本，但是当它使用来自主枕的对象并遇到导入语句时，它给了我一个模块未找到的错误。当我运行主脚本本身并按预期运行代码时，我不会遇到这个错误。我得到的错误跟踪是：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "parkingLot_test.py", line 3, in <module>
    from source import parking  
  File "/home/stash/Desktop/parking-lot/parking-lot-1.4.2/parking_lot/parking_lot/bin/source/parking.py", line 1, in <module>
    import lot

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lot'

目录结构如下：

├── file_inputs.txt
├── parking_lot
├── parkingLot_test.py
├── run_functional_tests
├── setup
└── source
    ├── car.py
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── lot.py
    ├── main.py
    ├── parking.py

单元测试文件parkingLot_test.py的代码

import unittest
from source import parking  

class ParkingTest(unittest.TestCase):

    @classmethod
    def MakeClass(cls):
        cls.parking = parking.Parking()
        cls.allocated_slot = 1

    def test_a_create_parking_lot(self):
        parking_slots = 6
        self.parking.create_parking_lot(parking_slots)
        self.assertEqual(len(self.parking.slots), parking_slots,
                         msg="Wrong parking lot created")

    def test_b_park(self):
        registration_no = "MH-12-FF-2017"
        colour = "Black"
        self.parking.park(registration_no, colour)
        self.assertFalse(
            self.parking.slots[self.allocated_slot].available, "Park failed.")
        for i in self.parking.slots.values():
            if not i.available and i.car:
                self.assertEqual(i.car.registration_no,
                                 registration_no, "Park failed")
                self.assertEqual(i.car.colour, colour, "Park failed")

    def test_c_leave(self):
        self.parking.leave(self.allocated_slot)
        self.assertTrue(
            self.parking.slots[self.allocated_slot].available, "Leave failed.")

    @classmethod
    def RemoveClass(cls):
        del cls.parking


if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

导入的文件parking.py的代码

import lot
import car


class Parking:
    """
    Parking class which has details about parking slots
    as well as operation performed on parking are present here
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.slots = {}

    def create_parking_lot(self, no_of_slots):
        """This method will create parking lot if not present already with given
        number of slots.
        Input: no_of_slots - Integer Type
        """
        no_of_slots = int(no_of_slots)

        if len(self.slots) > 0:
            print("Parking Lot already created")
            return

        if no_of_slots > 0:
            for i in range(1, no_of_slots+1):
                temp_slot = lot.ParkingSlot(slotNum=i,
                                            availability=True)

                self.slots[i] = temp_slot
            print("Created a parking lot with %s slots" % no_of_slots)
        else:
            print("Number of slots provided is incorrect.")
        return

    def get_nearest_available_slot(self):
  ...................

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

Answer 1

因为python 3不支持隐式相对导入。可以使用显式相对导入。

在parking.py中尝试使用下面的行来代替导入

from . import lot

Answer 2

在同一个目录级别的文件中，当您在另一个目录中导入一个文件时，使用相对导入，如

在parking.py文件中，导入lot.py文件作为

import .log

当从一个目录导入到较低目录(即导入parkingLot_test.py中的批量)时，请使用from source import lot

并在源文件夹中的__init__.py文件中写入

import .lot
import .parking

就像这样。