如何用python发送rest (Google的API)请求？

Question

我想我的问题是相对简单和天真的，但我是新手使用REST，所以我会感激任何帮助或提示。

我试图用urllib (或另一个不需要安装的Python库)发送请求。根据它们的指南，格式是：

POST https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:annotate?key=YOUR_API_KEY

JSON请求格式是：

{
  "requests":[
    {
      "image":{
        "content":"/9j/7QBEUGhvdG9...image contents...eYxxxzj/Coa6Bax//Z"
      },
      "features":[
        {
          "type":"LABEL_DETECTION",
          "maxResults":1
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

当我试图在浏览器的URL行中发送以下文本(仅供测试)时：

https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:{
  "requests":[
    {
      "image":{
        "content":"/9j/7QBEUGhvdG9eYxxxzj/Coa6Bax//Z"
      },
      "features":[
        {
          "type":"LABEL_DETECTION",
          "maxResults":1
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}?key=my_api_key

不幸的是，我得到了404错误。

我该怎么办？我应该使用任何库来生成请求吗？还是应该将JSON请求放在URL的另一个位置？

Answer 1

这对我来说很管用：

import base64
import requests
import json

URL = "https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:annotate?key=YOUR_TOKEN"

#image to base64, which is a long long text
def encode_image(image_path):
    with open(image_path, "rb") as image_file:
        return base64.b64encode(image_file.read())

#make api call
def image_request(image_path):
    data = {
            "requests":[
                        {
                        "image":{
                            "content":encode_image(image_path)
                                },
                        "features":[
                                    {
                                    "type":"LABEL_DETECTION", #other options: LABEL_DETECTION FACE_DETECTION LOGO_DETECTION CROP_HINTS WEB_DETECTION
                                    "maxResults": 10
                                    }
                                   ]
                        }
                    ]
}
    r = requests.post(URL, json = data)
    return r.text


#arg = path of image
def main(argv):
    api_answer = json.loads(image_request(argv[1]))
    try:
        rows = api_answer['responses'][0]['labelAnnotations']
    except:
        print(file_to_proccess)
        print(api_answer)
    data = []
    for item in rows:
        data.append([item['mid'], item['description'], item['score'], item['topicality']])

    # save somewhere the data list...

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(sys.argv)

Answer 2

如果需要将Request Body与URL一起发送，则可以使用CURL。为了测试REST，有一个名为邮递员的著名软件。通过使用它，您可以发送请求并接收响应。

卷曲，

curl -v -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST \
     -d '{"image":{"content":"/9j/7QBEUGhvdG9...image contents...eYxxxzj/Coa6Bax//Z"}, "features":[{"type":"LABEL_DETECTION","maxResults":1}]}' https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:annotate?key=YOUR_API_KEY

使用POSTMAN，您可以给出这些值，并得到结果。

给URL，

https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:annotate?key=YOUR_API_KEY

选择HTTP方法，

POST

并在raw字段下添加请求体并选择JSON(application/json)，

{
  "requests":[
    {
      "image":{
        "content":"/9j/7QBEUGhvdG9...image contents...eYxxxzj/Coa6Bax//Z"
      },
      "features":[
        {
          "type":"LABEL_DETECTION",
          "maxResults":1
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Answer 3

这是经过测试和工作的完美。

            import base64
            import requests
            import json

            url = "https://vision.googleapis.com/v1/images:annotate"

            querystring = {"key":".........."}
            headers = {
                    'Content-Type': "application/json",
                    }
            def encode_image(image_path):
                with open(image_path, "rb") as image_file:
                    return base64.b64encode(image_file.read())

            def image_request(image_path):

                payload = '{  \"requests\":[    {      \"image\":{        \"content\":\"'+encode_image(image_path).decode('utf-8')+'"      },      \"features\":[        {          \"type\":\"TEXT_DETECTION\" }      ]    }  ]}'
                response = requests.request("POST", url, data=payload, headers=headers, params=querystring)

                return response.text