NodeJS未成功安装在用户数据中的AWS EC2中

Question

我尝试在AWS NodeJS linux中安装带有nvm的nvm，如下所示：

#!/bin/bash

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc
nvm install 7

在成功创建实例并在我的ec2实例中输入和检查之后，当我键入nodejs或nvm --version时，没有安装nodejs和nvm。

[ec2-user@ip-0-0-0-0 ~]$ node --version
-bash: node: command not found
[ec2-user@ip-0-0-0-0 ~]$ nvm --version
-bash: nvm: command not found

当我检查实例的日志时，会发现下面的错误消息。

[   16.310115] cloud-init[3300]: => Downloading nvm as script to '/.nvm'
[   17.053885] cloud-init[3300]: => Profile not found. Tried  (as defined in $PROFILE), ~/.bashrc, ~/.bash_profile, ~/.zshrc, and ~/.profile.
[   17.076402] cloud-init[3300]: => Create one of them and run this script again
[   17.087459] cloud-init[3300]: => Create it (touch ) and run this script again
[   17.092307] cloud-init[3300]: OR
[   17.100669] cloud-init[3300]: => Append the following lines to the correct file yourself:
[   17.117606] cloud-init[3300]: export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[   17.124904] cloud-init[3300]: [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
[   17.161419] cloud-init[3300]: => Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now:
[   17.177964] cloud-init[3300]: export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[   17.185400] cloud-init[3300]: [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm

Answer 1

正如日志所解释的那样，install.sh脚本试图定位一个它找不到的概要文件。(请记住，用户数据中提供的脚本是以root形式运行的，所以$HOME是/root。

解决方案是确保配置文件在安装前存在，或者按照日志消息中的建议，在安装后手动更改路径。

解决方案1 (未经测试)

#!/bin/bash

touch ~/.bashrc # this ensure the bashrc file is created
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc
nvm install 7

解决方案2 (测试)

#!/bin/bash

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm install 7

(当从用户数据运行时，$HOME is /)我在Amazon上的交互式会话中测试了上面的内容。

$ ssh ec2-user@ec2-18-202-174-164.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com
Warning: Permanently added 'ec2-18-202-174-164.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com,18.202.174.164' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

       __|  __|_  )
       _|  (     /   Amazon Linux 2 AMI
      ___|\___|___|

https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/
3 package(s) needed for security, out of 3 available
Run "sudo yum update" to apply all updates.
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-30-44 ~]$ sudo bash
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]# curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.32.1/install.sh | bash
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 10250  100 10250    0     0  10250      0  0:00:01 --:--:--  0:00:01 54521
=> Downloading nvm as script to '/root/.nvm'


=> Appending source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now:

export NVM_DIR="/root/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]#
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]# export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]# [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]# nvm install 7
######################################################################## 100.0%
Computing checksum with sha256sum
Checksums matched!
Now using node v7.10.1 (npm v4.2.0)
Creating default alias: default -> 7 (-> v7.10.1)
[root@ip-172-31-30-44 ec2-user]# node --version
v7.10.1

请注意，上面将为根用户安装nvm、node和npm。它不会在ec2-user的环境中添加正确的ENV。要做到这一点，请以ec2-user登录，然后任一种类型。

export NVM_DIR="/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"

或者把这个添加到ec2-user的.bashrc中

它起作用的证据(以ec2-user登录)：

[ec2-user@ip-172-31-20-26 ~]$ export NVM_DIR="/.nvm"
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-20-26 ~]$ [ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
[ec2-user@ip-172-31-20-26 ~]$ node --version && npm --version
v7.10.1
4.2.0

您可以在您的user-data脚本中自动化这一点：

cat <<EOF >> /home/ec2-user/.bashrc
export NVM_DIR="/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
EOF

Answer 2

如果我们使用的是amazon，请尝试安装nvm版本16。

#!/bin/bash
sudo su
cd ~
amazon-linux-extras install nginx1 -y 
systemctl enable nginx
systemctl start nginx
touch ~/.bashrc
cat > /tmp/startup.sh << EOF
echo "Setting up NodeJS Environment"
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.39.0/install.sh | bash
echo 'export NVM_DIR="/home/ec2-user/.nvm"' >> /home/ec2-user/.bashrc
echo 'export NVM_DIR="/home/ec2-user/.nvm"' >> /home/ec2-user/.bash_profile
echo '[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && . "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm' >> /home/ec2-user/.bashrc
. /home/ec2-user/.nvm/nvm.sh
. /home/ec2-user/.bash_profile
. /home/ec2-user/.bashrc
# Install NVM, NPM, Node.JS & Grunt
nvm install 16
nvm ls
EOF
chown ec2-user:ec2-user /tmp/startup.sh && chmod a+x /tmp/startup.sh
sleep 1; su - ec2-user -c "/tmp/startup.sh"

Answer 3

在做了几个小时的练习后，这件事对我起了作用。

#!/bin/bash
touch ~/.bashrc
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.34.0/install.sh | bash
source ~/.bashrc
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"
nvm install --lts