Python :异常:读取0x00000000的访问冲突

Question

我试图用ctype使用python的DLL文件，但是遇到了

OSError:异常:访问冲突读取0x00000000

守则是：

import ctypes as ctypes
NS = ctypes.oledll.LoadLibrary ("D:\\XXX\\nsga2.dll")
NS.Initialise(360,2,2,5,0,5,2)
NS.Randomise()

在DLL文件中，函数Randomise()定义如下：

ADDAPI  void
ADDCALL Randomise(){
randomize();
initialize_pop (parent_pop);
ngen = 0;}

函数randomize()定义为：

 # include "rand.h"
   double seed;
   double oldrand[55];
   int jrand;
   void randomize()
   {
       int j1;
       for(j1=0; j1<=54; j1++)
       {
          oldrand[j1] = 0.0;
       }
       jrand=0;
       warmup_random (seed);
       return;
   }

我的问题是为什么我会遇到这个问题，以及如何解决它？

谢谢大家！

按要求编辑1

函数Initialise()定义为：

ADDAPI  void 
ADDCALL Initialise(int populationSize, int objectives, int constraints,  
int realvars, int binvars, int intvars, int nfix)
{
    popsize = populationSize;
    nobj = objectives;
    ncon = constraints;
    nreal = realvars;
    nint = intvars;
    nbin = binvars;
    nfixed = nfix;

    nbits = (int *)malloc(binvars*sizeof(int));
    for (int i = 0 ; i <binvars  ; i++)
        {
            nbits[i]=24 ;
        } 

    nints = (int *)malloc(nint*sizeof(int));
    bints = (int *)malloc(nint*sizeof(int));    

    for (int i = 0 ; i <nfixed/(2*nswitch+1); i++) 
        {
                bints[i*(2*nswitch+1)]=0; 
                nints[i*(2*nswitch+1)]=1; 
                //nints[i*(2*nswitch+1)]=2;

                 for (int j =(2*nswitch+1)*i+1 ; j<(2*nswitch+1)*(i+1); i++) 

                 {
                    bints[j]=0; 
                    nints[j]=TimeLength; 
                    //nints[j]=25;
                }
        }

    min_realvar = (double *)malloc(nreal*sizeof(double));
    max_realvar = (double *)malloc(nreal*sizeof(double));

    intvar = NULL;
    min_binvar = NULL;
    max_binvar = NULL;

    parent_pop = (population *)malloc(sizeof(population));
    child_pop = (population *)malloc(sizeof(population));
    mixed_pop = (population *)malloc(sizeof(population));

     allocate_memory_pop (parent_pop, popsize);
     allocate_memory_pop (child_pop, popsize);
     allocate_memory_pop (mixed_pop, 2*popsize);

     seed = 0.232; // for random functions

     bitlength = 0;
     pcross_bin = 0;
     pcross_int = 0;
     pmut_bin = 0 ;
     pmut_int = 0;
     eta_c = 50 ; // distribution index for crossover
     eta_m = 100 ; // distrubution index for mutations
     nbits = 0 ;
     nints = 0;

     fitness_func = NULL;
 }

Answer 1

Initialise的实现并不重要，但声明是重要的，包括ADDAPI和ADDCALL的定义。假设ADDAPI类似于__declspec(dllexport)，而ADDCALL是__cdecl (或空的)，那么使用：

import ctypes
NS = ctypes.CDLL("D:\\XXX\\nsga2.dll")
NS.Initialise(360,2,2,5,0,5,2)
NS.Randomise()

如果ctypes.WinDLL是__stdcall，则使用__stdcall。

理想情况下，定义argtypes和restype，但整数参数无论如何都是默认的，例如：

NS.Initialise.argtypes = ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_int
NS.Initialise.restype = None
NS.Randomise.argtypes = ()
NS.Randomise.restype = None