安装pip软件包时“regex的失败建筑车轮”

Question

我在Windows 10 WSL上安装pip软件包时遇到了问题，运行Debian拉伸。

在运行sudo pip install invoice2data时，安装了python3-pip后，我会遇到以下错误。

error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for regex
Running setup.py clean for regex
Failed to build regex

x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fno-strict-aliasing -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python2.7-2.7.13=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c regex_2/_regex.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/regex_2/_regex.o
regex_2/_regex.c:46:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
 #include "Python.h"
                    ^
compilation terminated.
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1


----------------------------------------
Command "/usr/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, okenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-D9zG6P/regex/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-0dvlsB/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-D9zG6P/regex/

Answer 1

WSL与问题无关，这是一个相当标准的错误。

确保安装了下列软件包。使用apt-get install packagename安装它们。通过安装python-dev解决了这个特定时间的问题。

python3
python3-pip
ipython3
build-essential
python-dev
python3-dev

作为一个单一的命令：

sudo apt-get install python3 python3-pip ipython3 build-essential python-dev python3-dev

Answer 2

运行pip3 install pyinquirer时出现了类似的错误

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a7ojseph/regex/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-a7ojseph/regex/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-bodowot9/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /usr/local/include/python3.7/regex Check the logs for full command output.

安装python3-dev对我不起作用，因为我已经安装了它。然而，安装build-essential就成功了，regex模块也成功安装了。

Answer 3

我在Ubuntu上运行Python3.5。我是如何安装regex包的：

$ sudo apt-get install libpython3.5-dev
$ pip3 install regex --no-use-wheel

背景研究详情：

通过使用Python.h来定位缺少的apt-file文件，我确定了它的包名。

# install the apt-file package in case you don't have it
$ sudo apt-get install apt-file

# populate/refresh the local apt-file package data
$ sudo apt-file update

# search for /Python.h.  Since it's a C header file,
# I also grep for /include to limit the results.
$ sudo apt-file search /Python.h | grep /include
libpython2.7-dbg: /usr/include/python2.7_d/Python.h
libpython2.7-dev: /usr/include/python2.7/Python.h
libpython3.5-dbg: /usr/include/python3.5dm/Python.h
libpython3.5-dev: /usr/include/python3.5m/Python.h
pypy-dev: /usr/lib/pypy/include/Python.h

然后对我需要的包裹做了一个有教养的猜测。忽略Python2，忽略调试(dbg)，忽略pypy，从而留下libpython3.5-dev。