多变量数据综述

Question

下面我已经提到了数据格式：

ID        Date            Status         Category
TR-1      2018-01-10      Passed         A
TR-2      2018-01-09      Passed         B
TR-3      2018-01-09      Failed         C
TR-3      2018-01-09      Failed         A
TR-4      2018-01-08      Failed         B
TR-5      2018-01-08      Passed         C
TR-5      2018-01-08      Failed         A
TR-6      2018-01-07      Passed         A

通过使用上述给定的数据格式，我希望获得如下所示的输出格式：

Date应按降序排列，类别序列应类似于C、A和B。

Date         count      distinct_count      Passed     Failed
2018-01-10   1          1                   1          0
    A        1          1                   1          0
    B        0          0                   0          0
    C        0          0                   0          0
2018-01-09   3          2                   1          2
    A        1          1                   1          0
    B        1          1                   1          0
    C        1          1                   1          0

为了得到上面的输出，我尝试了下面的代码，但它无法工作，也无法获得预期的输出。

Output<-DF %>%
  group_by(Date=Date,A,B,C) %>%
  summarise(`Count`  = n(),
            `Distinct_count` = n_distinct(ID),
            Passed=sum(Status=='Passed'),
            A=count(category='A'),
            B=count(category='B'),
            C=count(category='C'),
            Failed=sum(Status=='Failed'))

迪普特：

structure(list(ID = structure(c(1L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 5L, 6L
), .Label = c("TR-1", "TR-2", "TR-3", "TR-4", "TR-5", "TR-6"), class = "factor"), 
    Date = structure(c(4L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("07/01/2018", 
    "08/01/2018", "09/01/2018", "10/01/2018"), class = "factor"), 
    Status = structure(c(2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("Failed", 
    "Passed"), class = "factor"), Category = structure(c(1L, 
    2L, 3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("A", "B", "C"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("ID", 
"Date", "Status", "Category"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-8L))

Answer 1

在同一列中混合$Date和$Category这样的变量是个坏主意，因为正如@Luminata所指出的那样，这使得数据的进一步处理变得非常困难。

虽然还不清楚你想实现什么，因此任何答案都必须是暂时性的，但这里有一个解决方案，可以让你更接近你的目标：

如果这是您的数据：

df <- data.frame(
  ID = c("TR-1","TR-2", "TR-3", "TR-3", "TR-4", "TR-5", "TR-5", "TR-6"),       
  Date = c("2018-01-10", "2018-01-09", "2018-01-09", "2018-01-09", "2018-01-08", "2018-01-08", "2018-01-08", "2018-01-07"),            
  Status = c("Passed","Passed","Failed","Failed","Failed","Passed","Failed", "Passed"),         
 Category = c("A","B","C","A","B","C","A","A")
)

您想要的是通过$Date分离数据，那么为什么不使用by和unique函数为每个日期创建一个可分离数据的列表：

df_list <- by(df, df$Date, function(unique) unique)
df_list
df$Date: 2018-01-07
    ID       Date Status Category
8 TR-6 2018-01-07 Passed        A
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
df$Date: 2018-01-08
    ID       Date Status Category
5 TR-4 2018-01-08 Failed        B
6 TR-5 2018-01-08 Passed        C
7 TR-5 2018-01-08 Failed        A
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
df$Date: 2018-01-09
    ID       Date Status Category
2 TR-2 2018-01-09 Passed        B
3 TR-3 2018-01-09 Failed        C
4 TR-3 2018-01-09 Failed        A
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
df$Date: 2018-01-10
    ID       Date Status Category
1 TR-1 2018-01-10 Passed        A

Answer 2

这是一个艰难的问题：

# I'm converting some variables to factors to get the "order" right and to fill in missing unobserved values later in dcast.
df1$Category <- factor(df1$Category, levels = unique(df1$Category))
date_lvls    <- as.Date(df1$Date, "%Y-%m-%d") %>% unique %>% sort(decreasing = TRUE) %>% as.character
df1$Date     <- factor(df1$Date, date_lvls)

# lets use data.table
library(data.table)
setDT(df1)

# make a lookup table to deal with the duplicated ID issue. Not sure how to do this elegant
tmp <- dcast.data.table(df1, Date ~ ID, fun.aggregate = length)
tmp <- structure(rowSums(tmp[,-1] == 2), .Names = as.character(unlist(tmp[, 1])))

# precaution! Boilerplate incoming in 3, 2, .. 1
dcast.data.table(df1, Date + Category ~ Status, drop = FALSE)[
    ,`:=`(Failed=+!is.na(Failed), Passed=+!is.na(Passed))][
    , c("count","distinct_count") := rowSums(cbind(Failed,Passed))][
    , Category := as.character(Category)][
    , rbind(
        cbind(Category = as.character(Date[1]), count = sum(count), distinct_count = sum(distinct_count) - tmp[as.character(Date[1])], Passed = sum(Passed), Failed = sum(Failed)),
        .SD
       , fill = TRUE), by = Date][
    , Date := NULL ][]

结果：

 #     Category count distinct_count Passed Failed
 #1: 2018-01-10     1              1      1      0
 #2:          A     1              1      1      0
 #3:          B     0              0      0      0
 #4:          C     0              0      0      0
 #5: 2018-01-09     3              2      1      2
 #6:          A     1              1      0      1
 #7:          B     1              1      1      0
 #8:          C     1              1      0      1
 #9: 2018-01-08     3              2      1      2
#10:          A     1              1      0      1
#11:          B     1              1      0      1
#12:          C     1              1      1      0
#13: 2018-01-07     1              1      1      0
#14:          A     1              1      1      0
#15:          B     0              0      0      0
#16:          C     0              0      0      0

数据：

df1<-
structure(list(ID = c("TR-1", "TR-2", "TR-3", "TR-3", "TR-4", 
"TR-5", "TR-5", "TR-6"), Date = c("2018-01-10", "2018-01-09", 
"2018-01-09", "2018-01-09", "2018-01-08", "2018-01-08", "2018-01-08", 
"2018-01-07"), Status = c("Passed", "Passed", "Failed", "Failed", 
"Failed", "Passed", "Failed", "Passed"), Category = c("A", "B", 
"C", "A", "B", "C", "A", "A")), row.names = c(NA, -8L), class = "data.frame")

请注意：

• 请逐一运行每一行代码。为此，您可以关闭每个结束打开括号，并运行这一行，直到结束：。

1. run : `dcast.data.table(df1, Date + Category ~ Status, drop = FALSE)[]`
2. run : `dcast.data.table(df1, Date + Category ~ Status, drop = FALSE)[ ,`:=`(Failed=+!is.na(Failed), Passed=+!is.na(Passed))][]`
3. ... till the end
4. if then anything is unclear please ask me about this specific thing.

​

Answer 3

我确信一定有一个更优雅的解决方案，但是使用tidyverse可以做到：

bind_rows(df %>%
           arrange(Date) %>%
           group_by(Date, Category) %>%
           summarise(count = n(),
                     distinct_count = n_distinct(ID),
                     passed = length(Status[Status == "Passed"]),
                     failed = length(Status[Status == "Failed"])) %>% 
           complete(Category) %>% 
           mutate_all(funs(coalesce(., 0L))) %>%
           ungroup() %>%
           mutate(Date = Category,
                  date_id = gl(nrow(.)/3, 3)) %>%
           select(-Category), df %>%
           arrange(Date) %>%
           group_by(Date) %>%
           summarise(count = n(),
                     distinct_count = n_distinct(ID),
                     passed = length(Status[Status == "Passed"]),
                     failed = length(Status[Status == "Failed"])) %>%
           mutate(date_id = gl(nrow(.), 1))) %>%
 arrange(date_id, Date)

   Date       count distinct_count passed failed date_id
   <chr>      <int>          <int>  <int>  <int> <fct>  
 1 07/01/2018     1              1      1      0 1      
 2 A              1              1      1      0 1      
 3 B              0              0      0      0 1      
 4 C              0              0      0      0 1      
 5 08/01/2018     3              2      1      2 2      
 6 A              1              1      0      1 2      
 7 B              1              1      0      1 2      
 8 C              1              1      1      0 2      
 9 09/01/2018     3              2      1      2 3      
10 A              1              1      0      1 3      
11 B              1              1      1      0 3      
12 C              1              1      0      1 3      
13 10/01/2018     1              1      1      0 4      
14 A              1              1      1      0 4      
15 B              0              0      0      0 4      
16 C              0              0      0      0 4 

首先，它根据“日期”和“类别”创建一个包含计数、distinct_count、已传递列和失败列的df。其次，通过使用complete()，它生成“类别”中的所有级别，然后coalesce()用0填充不存在的级别。第三，它根据"Date“创建第二个df，其中包含计数、distinct_count、已传递列和失败列。最后，它将两个dfs逐行组合。

样本数据：

df <- read.table(text = "ID        Date            Status         Category
TR-1      2018-01-10      Passed         A
                 TR-2      2018-01-09      Passed         B
                 TR-3      2018-01-09      Failed         C
                 TR-3      2018-01-09      Failed         A
                 TR-4      2018-01-08      Failed         B
                 TR-5      2018-01-08      Passed         C
                 TR-5      2018-01-08      Failed         A
                 TR-6      2018-01-07      Passed         A", header = TRUE)