在Ansible中修改JSON

Question

我有一个管理系统，在这里我们定义了维护数据来控制虚拟环境，其中一个选项是不同团队的VM关闭时间框架。现在，当创建新VM时，用户应该从可用的时限列表中选择VM可以在不中断的情况下关闭以进行工作轮班。我需要能够将这个时间表从我的数据库同步到工作模板调查。我被困在修改JSON调查中了。我尝试过这个帖子在ansible中修改json的最佳方法，但是得到了一个错误：

“异常”：“文件\"/tmp/ansible_1qa8eR/ansible_module_json_modify.py\"，第38行，在main\n res =jsonpointer.resolve_pointer(数据、指针)\n文件\"/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonpointer.py\"，第126行中，在resolve_pointer\n返回pointer.resolve(doc，默认值)\n文件\"/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jsonpointer.py\"，第204行中，在解析\n doc = self.walk(doc，part)\n文件JsonPointerException第279行中，在walk\n中提出JsonPointerException(\“成员‘'%s’在%s\”% (part，doc)\n中找不到\n“，"msg"：”成员'spec‘在{'stderr_lines'：[]，'changed'：True，'end’中找不到

下面是我试图修改的JSON：

{
  "spec": [
    {
      "question_description": "", 
      "min": 0, 
      "default": "Test text", 
      "max": 4096, 
      "required": true, 
      "choices": "", 
      "variable": "_t", 
      "question_name": "Note", 
      "type": "textarea"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": null, 
      "default": "", 
      "max": null, 
      "question_description": "appliance id", 
      "choices": "Unconfigured\n600,qvmProcessor/applianceexemptions,all", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "appid", 
      "question_name": "Appliance ID", 
      "type": "multiplechoice"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": null, 
      "default": "", 
      "max": null, 
      "question_description": "Select version", 
      "choices": "1.2.3\n1.2.4\n1.2.5", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "version", 
      "question_name": "App Version", 
      "type": "multiplechoice"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": 0, 
      "default": "", 
      "max": 1024, 
      "question_description": "", 
      "choices": "", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "newVMIP", 
      "question_name": "IP for new VM", 
      "type": "text"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": 0, 
      "default": "", 
      "max": 1024, 
      "question_description": "", 
      "choices": "", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "requesterEmail", 
      "question_name": "Requester's email", 
      "type": "text"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": null, 
      "default": "", 
      "max": null, 
      "question_description": "Select the timeframe for automatic VM shutdown. ***NOTE*** EST Time is in 24 hour format", 
      "choices": "23:00-02:00\n02:00-04:00\n04:00-06:00\n00:00-02:00", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "powerOFF_TimeFrame", 
      "question_name": "Power OFF window", 
      "type": "multiplechoice"
    }, 
    {
      "required": true, 
      "min": 0, 
      "default": 5, 
      "max": 30, 
      "question_description": "The VM will be deleted after # of days specified (default=5).", 
      "choices": "", 
      "new_question": true, 
      "variable": "vmNumReservedDays", 
      "question_name": "Keep VM for # of days", 
      "type": "integer"
    }
  ], 
  "description": "", 
  "name": ""
}

我必须更新时间框架(在最后一个之前)选择：

“选择”："23:00-02:00\n02:00-04:00\n04:00-06:00\n00:00-02:00"，

这是我的密码。我可以直接读取变量，但现在我只是将JSON保存到文件中：

- name: Sync Power Schedules From Database to Survey Spec
  hosts: awxroot
  gather_facts: no

  vars:
    new_choices: {}

  tasks:

    - name: Set shared directory name
      set_fact: 
        sharedDataPath: /var/tmp/survey

    - name: Set shared file path name
      set_fact: 
        sharedDataPathFile: "{{sharedDataPath}}/s.json"

    - name: Create directory to share data
      file:
        path: "{{ sharedDataPath }}"
        state: directory

    - name: Load Survey Spec to file
      shell: 'tower-cli job_template survey 70 > "{{ sharedDataPathFile }}"'



    - name: Make sure the survey spec file exists
      stat:
        path: "{{ sharedDataPathFile }}"
      register: isFileExists

    - name: Fail if file is not there
      fail:
        msg: "Cannot find survey spec exported file"
      when: isFileExists == False

    - name: Read exception file to a variable
      command: cat "{{ sharedDataPathFile }}"
      register: surveySpec
      when: isFileExists.stat.exists == True


    - name: Setting key
      set_fact:
        choices_key: "choices"

    - name: Setting new values
      set_fact:
        choices_value: "23:00-02:00\n02:00-04:00\n04:00-06:00\n00:00-04:00"

    - name: Create dictionary
      set_fact:
        new_choices: "{{ new_choices | combine({choices_key: choices_value}) }}"


    - json_modify:
        data: "{{ surveySpec }}"
        pointer: "/spec/6/choices"
        action: update
        update: "{{new_choices}}"
      register: result

    - debug:
        var: result.result

Answer 1

对于有关modify_json错误的问题，不是一个直接的回答，而是一个可行的解决方案。

为了这个我会和jq一起去。jq是一个轻量级的、灵活的命令行JSON处理器，几乎适用于每个Linux发行版。如果没有，则使用没有依赖项的预构建二进制文件。

如网站所述：

jq类似于对于JSON数据的sed --您可以使用它对结构化数据进行切片、过滤、映射和转换，就像sed、awk、grep和朋友让您玩文本一样容易。

我把你的表演缩小到了最低限度的工作解决方案，结果也是一样。jq可执行文件必须位于正在运行的系统的PATH中。您可以根据您的需要定制它。

---
- name: Sync Power Schedules From Database to Survey Spec
  hosts: localhost
  gather_facts: no

  vars:
    choices_key: ".spec[6].choices"
    choices_value: "23:00-02:00\n02:00-04:00\n04:00-06:00\n00:00-04:00"
    json_file: "{{playbook_dir}}/s.json"

  tasks:

  - name: "modify json"
    command: >
      jq "{{choices_key}}=\"{{choices_value}}\"" "{{json_file}}"
    register: json

  - debug:
      var: json.stdout

我认为这是更优雅的解决方案与额外的json_modify.py模块。有关jq的更多信息，请参见手册页。

Answer 2

你的剧本里有几个小问题

1. 您正在将json数据从文件中加载为字符串，而不是json/dict。而不是命令/cat任务，使用它将数据加载到：

• set_fact: surveySpec：“{查找(‘file’，sharedDataPathFile) \ from_json }”

1. 您可能遇到的另一个问题是，您试图只更新choices值(即字符串)，而不是choices dict项。只需在您的json_modify指针中进行一个小的更改：

• json_modify: data："{{ surveySpec }}“指针："/spec/5”操作:更新更新："{{ new_choices }}“寄存器:结果

另一件事..。数组索引是5，而不是6。