已安装Debian - Nodejs，但npm未安装

Question

我跟随https://github.com/nodesource/distributions在Debian上安装NodeJSv11.x。遵循这两条指令之后，Nodejs似乎安装得很好，nodejs -v返回了v4.8.2。

但国家预防机制似乎没有安装。whereis npm什么也不返回，我很确定我的磁盘上没有安装npm。

我在下面的命令curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_11.x | bash -之后粘贴了控制台日志：

+ apt-get update
Hit:1 http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian stretch InRelease
Get:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease [15.4 kB]
Hit:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates InRelease                                
Ign:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease           
Hit:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports InRelease                                                                         
Ign:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease                     
Ign:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco InRelease   
Hit:7 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release
Ign:9 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco Release         
Hit:10 https://download.sublimetext.com apt/stable/ InRelease
Ign:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Err:11 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main i386 Packages
  404  Not Found
Ign:12 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 Packages
Ign:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all Packages
Ign:14 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en_US
Ign:15 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main Translation-en
Ign:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata
Ign:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco/main all DEP-11 Metadata
Fetched 15.4 kB in 16s (929 B/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 005EAE8119BB5BCA
W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease' is not signed.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/java/ubuntu/dists/disco/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
Error executing command, exiting

我的猜测是安装程序脚本在过程中中途停止，因为apt-get正在抛出一个错误。不过，即使是这样，我也不知道如何处理这个问题。我不想删除freecad和java的存储库，以便更好地退出。

如果答案是与apt-get相关的，并且在这个论坛上是非主题的，也许它可以迁移到askubuntu？

Answer 1

试图修复存储库问题会产生奇怪的python错误，这可能与我在系统中同时安装python 2.7和3有关，但我不确定。

我最后所做的只是暂时从/etc/apt/sources.list.d中移除有问题的存储库，然后再次运行curl脚本。这使得脚本能够在没有任何错误的情况下运行，然后命令apt install -y nodejs与npm一起安装正确的版本。

问题似乎是debian的默认存储库也有一个没有npm的nodejs存储空间。由于apt-get update错误，安装脚本过早退出。修复这个错误完成了任务。

Answer 2

首先，让我们来解决您所看到的有关存储库的错误。

这句话告诉你问题所在。

W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net/freecad-maintainers/freecad-stable/ubuntu cosmic InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 005EAE8119BB5BCA

你遵守了免费网页上的关键安装说明吗？请参阅https://launchpad.net/~freecad-maintainers/+archive/ubuntu/freecad-stable

然后点击签名键-这是什么？

至于节点问题，请尝试更新Node：https://www.hostingadvice.com/how-to/update-node-js-latest-version/

此外，尝试sudo apt-获取安装npm。