我正在开发一个操作系统作为个人爱好,这样我就可以了解软件工程和计算机体系结构。
我试图让VGA终端“滚动”时,文本到达底部,或VGA_HEIGHT。我正在使用来自OSDev wiki的代码与我自己的代码混合。
我的目标是复制每一行,然后把它写到它上面的线上。
下面是我使用的代码:
void terminal_putentryat(unsigned char c, uint8_t color, size_t x, size_t y) {
const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
terminal_buffer[index] = vga_entry(c, color);
}
void terminal_putchar(char c) {
unsigned char uc = c;
switch(c) {
case NEWLINE:
terminal_row++;
terminal_column = 0;
terminal_putentryat(' ', terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row);
update_cursor(terminal_column + 1, terminal_row);
break;
case '\t':
/* TODO: Implement tab */
terminal_column += 4;
break;
default:
terminal_putentryat(uc, terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row);
update_cursor(terminal_column + 1, terminal_row);
if (++terminal_column == VGA_WIDTH) {
terminal_column = 0;
if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT)
terminal_row = 0;
}
}
if(terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) {
terminal_print_error();
terminal_buffer[(15 * VGA_WIDTH) + 15] = terminal_buffer[(0 * VGA_WIDTH) + 4];
size_t i, j;
for(i = 0; i < VGA_WIDTH-1; i++) {
for(j = VGA_HEIGHT-2; j > 0; j--)
terminal_buffer[(j * VGA_WIDTH) + i] = terminal_buffer[((j+1) * VGA_WIDTH) + i];
}
}
}但这种功能只起了部分作用。SPecifically,本节:
if(terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) {
terminal_print_error();
terminal_buffer[(15 * VGA_WIDTH) + 15] = terminal_buffer[(0 * VGA_WIDTH) + 4];
size_t i, j;
for(i = 0; i < VGA_WIDTH-1; i++) {
for(j = VGA_HEIGHT-2; j > 0; j--)
terminal_buffer[(j * VGA_WIDTH) + i] = terminal_buffer[((j+1) * VGA_WIDTH) + i];
}
}它只复制了部分数据。例如,当我用'printf()‘写入终端时,如果字符串比正在滚动的数据长,它将不会滚动。
/*
* This is the screen driver. It contains functions which print
* characters and colors to the screen
* using the VGA controller.
*/
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <kernel/tty.h>
#include "vga.h"
#define REG_SCREEN_CTRL 0x3D4
#define REG_SCREEN_DATA 0x3D5
#define NEWLINE 0x0A
#define TAB 0x09
static const size_t VGA_WIDTH = 80;
static const size_t VGA_HEIGHT = 25;
static uint16_t *const VGA_MEMORY = (uint16_t *)0xC03FF000;
static size_t terminal_row;
static size_t terminal_column;
static uint8_t terminal_color;
static uint16_t *terminal_buffer;
int get_offset(int col, int row) {
return 2 * (row * VGA_WIDTH + col);
}
int get_offset_row(int offset) {
return offset / (2 * VGA_WIDTH);
}
int get_offset_col(int offset) {
return (offset - (get_offset_row(offset) * 2 * VGA_WIDTH)) / 2;
}
static void scroll() {
if(terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) {
}
}
void terminal_print_error(void) {
if(terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) {
terminal_row = 0;
/* print white/red E to bottom right corner of screen */
terminal_putentryat('E', vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_RED, VGA_COLOR_WHITE),
VGA_WIDTH - 1, VGA_HEIGHT - 1);
}
}
void terminal_initialize(void) {
terminal_row = 0;
terminal_column = 0;
terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_BLACK, VGA_COLOR_CYAN);
terminal_buffer = VGA_MEMORY;
for (size_t y = 0; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++) {
for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) {
const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
terminal_buffer[index] = vga_entry(' ', terminal_color);
}
}
}
void terminal_setcolor(uint8_t color) {
terminal_color = color;
}
void terminal_putentryat(unsigned char c, uint8_t color, size_t x, size_t y) {
const size_t index = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
terminal_buffer[index] = vga_entry(c, color);
}
void terminal_putchar(char c) {
unsigned char uc = c;
switch(c) {
case NEWLINE:
terminal_row++;
terminal_column = 0;
terminal_putentryat(' ', terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row);
update_cursor(terminal_column + 1, terminal_row);
break;
case '\t':
/* TODO: Implement tab */
terminal_column += 4;
break;
default:
terminal_putentryat(uc, terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row);
update_cursor(terminal_column + 1, terminal_row);
if (++terminal_column == VGA_WIDTH) {
terminal_column = 0;
if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT)
terminal_row = 0;
}
}
if(terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) {
terminal_print_error();
terminal_buffer[(15 * VGA_WIDTH) + 15] = terminal_buffer[(0 * VGA_WIDTH) + 4];
size_t i, j;
for(i = 0; i < VGA_WIDTH-1; i++) {
for(j = VGA_HEIGHT-2; j > 0; j--)
terminal_buffer[(j * VGA_WIDTH) + i] = terminal_buffer[((j+1) * VGA_WIDTH) + i];
}
}
}
void terminal_write(const char *data, size_t size) {
for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
terminal_putchar(data[i]);
}
void terminal_writestring(const char *data) {
terminal_write(data, strlen(data));
}
/* inb */
unsigned char port_byte_in(unsigned short port) {
unsigned char result;
asm ("in %%dx, %%al" : "=a" (result) : "d" (port));
return result;
}
void port_byte_out(unsigned short port, unsigned char data) {
asm ("out %%al, %%dx" : : "a" (data), "d" (port));
}
int get_cursor_offset() {
/* Use the VGA ports to get the current cursor position
* 1. Ask for high byte of the cursor offset (data 14)
* 2. Ask for low byte (data 15)
*/
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 14);
int offset = port_byte_in(REG_SCREEN_DATA) << 8; /* High byte: << 8 */
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 15);
offset += port_byte_in(REG_SCREEN_DATA);
return offset * 2; /* Position * size of character cell */
}
void set_cursor_offset(int offset) {
/* Similar to get_cursor_offset, but instead of reading we write data */
offset /= 2;
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 14);
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_DATA, (unsigned char)(offset >> 8));
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 15);
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_DATA, (unsigned char)(offset & 0xff));
}
void update_cursor(int x, int y) {
uint16_t pos = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 15);
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_DATA, (uint8_t)(pos & 0xFF));
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_CTRL, 14);
port_byte_out(REG_SCREEN_DATA, (uint8_t)(pos >> 8) & 0xFF);
}
/*
void enable_cursor(uint8_t cursor_start, uint8_t cursor_end) {
outb(0x3D4, 0x0A);
outb(0x3D, (inb(0x3D5) & 0xC0) | cursor_start);
outb(0x3D4, 0x0B);
outb(0x3D5, (inb(0x3D5) & 0xE0) | cursor_end);
}
*/发布于 2018-11-03 04:58:54
我相信循环滚动的工作原理基本上是正确的,不过,在导致您所遇到的一些bug之前,很多代码都是正确的。
开关语句中的默认情况是,当光标宽度超过屏幕的右侧时,将增加光标行。如果行增量超过屏幕的底部边缘,则if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT)将光标行重置为0。这将防止滚动代码运行。您应该删除if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT) terminal_row = 0;,并将其替换为terminal_row++;,因为开关后面的逻辑处理终端行变量。
我建议将修改terminal_row和terminal_column的逻辑与验证、重置和滚动这些变量的逻辑分开。例如,如果将'\t‘字符放置在一行的最后3个字符中,则会将字符溢出到下一行,而不会将terminal_row和terminal_column vars更新到它们应该位于的位置。
terminal_putentryat操作,而不是在之前。实际上,您不应该对任何换行符执行terminal_putentryat操作,因为显然没有任何字符改变,只有光标位置。\t的处理,以调用terminal_write(' ');,而不是直接修改列变量。这简化了实际更新终端的逻辑。上文第二段详细介绍了此更改解决的一些问题。update_cursor()只应该被调用一次,在terminal_putchar()的末尾,因为您放置的每个字符都应该更新游标。如果您希望terminal_putchar()处理0宽度的字符,这可能会改变,但这在我看来是违反直觉的,因为这个函数是专门为处理显示的字符而设计的。terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT的逻辑从不将terminal_row重置为有效值。它确实调用了terminal_print_error(),但是当您希望将行保持在底部时,此函数会将您的行重置为0。
terminal_putchar(char ){无符号字符uc = c;//句柄字符输出和终端_行/列修改开关( c) {大小写纽线: terminal_row++;terminal_column = 0;中断;大小写‘t’:terminal_write(‘');中断;默认值: terminal_putentryat(uc、terminal_color、terminal_column、terminal_row);terminal_column++;} //句柄在terminal_column上验证terminal_row之前,因为terminal_column中的逻辑可以更新terminal_row if(terminal_column >= VGA_WIDTH) { terminal_column = 0;} //句柄验证terminal_row,并在必要时向上滚动屏幕。如果( terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT) { //您不应该需要terminal_print_error(),因为您正在处理terminal_row >= VGA_HEIGHT // terminal_print_error();//这一行做什么?显示将第16行的第16字符设置为与第1行的第5字符相同的值。// terminal_buffer(15 * VGA_WIDTH) + 15 = terminal_buffer(0 * VGA_WIDTH) + 4;size_t i,j;for(i = 0;i< VGA_WIDTH-1;i++) { for(j =VGA_i++2;j> 0;j-){ terminal_buffer(j * VGA_WIDTH) +i= terminal_buffer((j+1) * VGA_WIDTH) + i;} //还清除(i= 0;i< VGA_WIDTH-1;i++) { terminal_putentryat(‘',terminal_color,i,VGA_WIDTH 1)的底部行;} terminal_row =VGA_ the 1;} update_cursor(terminal_column,terminal_row)};https://stackoverflow.com/questions/53128322
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