Skia C++ VS2015项目设置

Question

我试图在visual 2015上使用Skia和C++创建一个简单的windows应用程序。我相信我已经创建了skia.lib的静态、共享和发布版本，并链接到了适当的包含文件夹。但是现在我仍然遇到了很多错误，这表明有一个比仅仅链接更大的问题。我尝试将Skia解决方案中的工作HelloWorld项目中的配置属性复制到我自己的配置中，但没有取得任何成功。

在库生成之后，对于让Skia使用VS2015有任何明确的说明吗？如果不是，为什么当我尝试在裸露的模板win32项目中使用Skia时会遇到(许多不同的)问题？是否有更好的方法将属性从一个项目复制到另一个项目？

我对VS和C++还比较陌生。我使用VS2015和C++，因为我正在进行的一个更大项目的其他部分似乎需要这个平台。所以我想我要做的是做一个独立的斯基亚“你好世界”的例子。

对于为as 2015/7构建Skia有一些挫折感。以下是我如何管理我所拥有的，希望它能帮助其他人取得一些进展，同时也能揭示我当前的问题。

• 仓库工具中的Git包似乎是不够的。所以在Depot_tools之前安装了Git。
• Visual 2017的构建工具是必需的，尽管本例中的目标是VS 2015。
• 按照Depot_tools安装说明到"TL;DR“。
• 按照Skia设置的指令，直到"python工具/git-sync-deps“。
• 而不是使用创建skia/out/文件夹的指令提供的参数，如下所示： bin\gn gen out/静态-ide=gn 2015 --args="is_official_build=true“bin\gn gen out/Shared -ide=gn 2015-args=”is_official_build=true is_component_build=true“bin\gn gen out/Debug -ide=gn 2015 bin\gn gen out/is_debug=false-ide=gn 2015-args=”is_debug=false“
• 运行“忍者退出/共享/静态/发布/调试”似乎注定要失败，因为这些路径似乎没有由gn正确创建。相反，在VS2015中的每个/out/*中打开sln。然后找到了'skia‘项目并建立了它。(还构建了pathkit项目)
• 这在静态、共享和发行版中创建了skia.lib (和pathkit.lib)，但是Debug版本没有工作。
• Skia文档中关于VS的其他说明根本不起作用。例如，"python /bots/assets/win_toolchain/Dowload.py -t C:/toolchain“和/或"python -t -t C:/toolchain”。也许这会引起以后的问题。但是，包含的HelloWorld项目确实以这种方式成功地编译和运行。

作为对Hans的答复，下面是试图构建/out/ solution解决方案时生成的错误。

Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/sksg/samples.stamp" exited with code 1. samples ((skia)\(modules)\(sksg)\samples)   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\sksg\samples.vcxproj 64  
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  ./sksg.lib" exited with code 1. sksg    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\sksg\sksg.vcxproj    160 
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/skottie/tool.stamp" exited with code 1. tool    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\skottie\tool.vcxproj 64  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\gpu\effects\gpu.GrOvalEffect.obj': Permission denied   skottie C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\gpu\effects\GrOvalEffect.cpp 1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/skottie/skottie.stamp" exited with code 1.  skottie C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\skottie\skottie.vcxproj  108 
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./lua_pictures.exe" exited with code 1.   lua_pictures    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\lua_pictures.vcxproj 66  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\sksl\gpu.SkSLMetalCodeGenerator.obj': Permission denied    skshaper    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\sksl\SkSLMetalCodeGenerator.cpp  1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/skshaper/skshaper.stamp" exited with code 1.    skshaper    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\skshaper\skshaper.vcxproj    64  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\gpu\text\gpu.GrGlyphCache.obj': Permission denied  pathops_unittest    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\gpu\text\GrGlyphCache.cpp    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./pathops_unittest.exe" exited with code 1.   pathops_unittest    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\pathops_unittest.vcxproj 290 
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\sksl\gpu.SkSLParser.obj': Permission denied    public_headers_warnings_check   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\sksl\SkSLParser.cpp  1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/public_headers_warnings_check.stamp" exited with code 1.  public_headers_warnings_check   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\public_headers_warnings_check.vcxproj    64  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\effects\effects.SkTrimPathEffect.obj': Permission denied   sk_app  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\effects\SkTrimPathEffect.cpp 1   
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\gpu\gl\gpu.GrGLGLSL.obj': Permission denied    nanoMech    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\gpu\gl\GrGLGLSL.cpp  1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/sk_app.stamp" exited with code 1. sk_app  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\sk_app.vcxproj   88  
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./nanoMech.exe" exited with code 1.   nanoMech    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\nanoMech.vcxproj 66  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\pdf\pdf.SkPDFUtils.obj': Permission denied skia    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\pdf\SkPDFUtils.cpp   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./skia.lib" exited with code 1.   skia    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\skia.vcxproj 1690    
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    skp_parser  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./skp_parser.exe" exited with code 1. skp_parser  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\skp_parser.vcxproj   66  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    skpMech C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./skpMech.exe" exited with code 1.    skpMech C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\skpMech.vcxproj  66  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    skpinfo C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./skpinfo.exe" exited with code 1.    skpinfo C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\skpinfo.vcxproj  66  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    sktexttopdf C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./sktexttopdf.exe" exited with code 1.    sktexttopdf C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\sktexttopdf.vcxproj  66  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    sse2    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/sse2.stamp" exited with code 1.   sse2    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\sse2.vcxproj 75  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    sse41   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/sse41.stamp" exited with code 1.  sse41   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\sse41.vcxproj    64  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    sse42   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/sse42.stamp" exited with code 1.  sse42   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\sse42.vcxproj    64  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    ssse3   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/ssse3.stamp" exited with code 1.  ssse3   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ssse3.vcxproj    69  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    tests ((skia)\tests)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/tests.stamp" exited with code 1.  tests ((skia)\tests)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\tests.vcxproj    1405    
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./lua_app.exe" exited with code 1.    lua_app C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\lua_app.vcxproj  66  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    Nima-Cpp    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\Nima-Cpp\ninja   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/Nima-Cpp/Nima-Cpp.stamp" exited with code 1.    Nima-Cpp    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\Nima-Cpp\Nima-Cpp.vcxproj    234 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    expat   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\expat\ninja  1   
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    harfbuzz    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\harfbuzz\ninja   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/expat/expat.stamp" exited with code 1.  expat   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\expat\expat.vcxproj  70  
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/harfbuzz/harfbuzz.stamp" exited with code 1.    harfbuzz    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\harfbuzz\harfbuzz.vcxproj    190 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    icu C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\icu\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/icu/icu.stamp" exited with code 1.  icu C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\icu\icu.vcxproj  782 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    imgui   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\imgui\ninja  1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/imgui/imgui.stamp" exited with code 1.  imgui   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\imgui\imgui.vcxproj  70  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    jsoncpp C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\jsoncpp\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.stamp" exited with code 1.  jsoncpp C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\jsoncpp\jsoncpp.vcxproj  70  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libjpeg C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libjpeg-turbo\ninja  1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libjpeg-turbo/libjpeg.stamp" exited with code 1.    libjpeg C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libjpeg-turbo\libjpeg.vcxproj    242 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libmicrohttpd   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libmicrohttpd\ninja  1   
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libpng  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libpng\ninja 1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libmicrohttpd/libmicrohttpd.stamp" exited with code 1.  libmicrohttpd   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libmicrohttpd\libmicrohttpd.vcxproj  98  
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libpng/libpng.stamp" exited with code 1.    libpng  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libpng\libpng.vcxproj    126 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libwebp C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\ninja    1   
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libwebp_avx2    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libwebp/libwebp.stamp" exited with code 1.  libwebp C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\libwebp.vcxproj  490 
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libwebp/libwebp_avx2.stamp" exited with code 1. libwebp_avx2    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\libwebp_avx2.vcxproj 62  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    lua ((skia)\(third_party)\(lua)\lua)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\lua\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/lua/lua.stamp" exited with code 1.  lua ((skia)\(third_party)\(lua)\lua)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\lua\lua.vcxproj  190 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    libwebp_sse41   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/libwebp/libwebp_sse41.stamp" exited with code 1.    libwebp_sse41   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\libwebp\libwebp_sse41.vcxproj    74  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    zlib    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\zlib\ninja   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/zlib/zlib.stamp" exited with code 1.    zlib    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\zlib\zlib.vcxproj    118 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    zlib_x86    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\zlib\ninja   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/third_party/zlib/zlib_x86.stamp" exited with code 1.    zlib_x86    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\third_party\zlib\zlib_x86.vcxproj    70  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    tool_utils  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/tool_utils.stamp" exited with code 1. tool_utils  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\tool_utils.vcxproj   156 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    typeface_freetype   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/typeface_freetype.stamp" exited with code 1.  typeface_freetype   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\typeface_freetype.vcxproj    59  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    viewer  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./viewer.exe" exited with code 1. viewer  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\viewer.vcxproj   115 
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    webp    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/webp.stamp" exited with code 1.   webp    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\webp.vcxproj 72  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    wuffs   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/wuffs.stamp" exited with code 1.  wuffs   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\wuffs.vcxproj    59  
Error       opening build log: Permission denied    xml C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\ninja    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/xml.stamp" exited with code 1.    xml C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\xml.vcxproj  80  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\gpu\effects\gpu.GrPorterDuffXferProcessor.obj': Permission denied  samples ((skia)\samples)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\gpu\effects\GrPorterDuffXferProcessor.cpp    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/samples.stamp" exited with code 1.    samples ((skia)\samples)    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\samples.vcxproj  454 
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\pathops\skia.SkPathWriter.obj': Permission denied  Mech    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\pathops\SkPathWriter.cpp 1   
Error   LNK1104 cannot open file 'obj\src\utils\skia.SkNWayCanvas.obj'  fuzz ((skia)\(modules)\(skottie)\fuzz)  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\skottie\LINK 1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/skottie/fuzz.stamp" exited with code 1. fuzz ((skia)\(modules)\(skottie)\fuzz)  C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\skottie\fuzz.vcxproj 64  
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  obj/Mech.stamp" exited with code 1.   Mech    C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\Mech.vcxproj 536 
Error   LNK1104 cannot open file 'obj\src\pdf\pdf.SkPDFDevice.obj'  tests ((skia)\(modules)\(sksg)\tests)   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\sksg\LINK    1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../../../out/Release/  obj/modules/sksg/tests.stamp" exited with code 1.   tests ((skia)\(modules)\(sksg)\tests)   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\modules\sksg\tests.vcxproj   64  
Error   C1083   Cannot open compiler generated file: 'C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\src\ports\skia.SkFontMgr_win_dw.obj': Permission denied    skiaserve   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\src\ports\SkFontMgr_win_dw.cpp   1   
Error   MSB3073 The command "call ninja.exe -C ../../../out/Release/  ./skiaserve.exe" exited with code 1.  skiaserve   C:\Users\Me\Documents\skia\out\Release\obj\skiaserve.vcxproj    134 

Answer 1

我建议不要从视觉演播室开始建造。直接使用忍者的建筑应该能正常工作(我刚试过)。

这两个命令应该为您完成以下任务：

gn gen out\Release
ninja -C out\Release

Answer 2

对于visual首先构建，您必须为此创建一个解决方案文件。请遵循这些程序，然后您将使用visual构建。

• 安装Python 2.7+
• 安装Git
• 安装Visual
• 下载依赖工具depot_tools，请遵循此链接
• 将路径添加到PC的环境中，它必须在任何python路径之前。
• 下载Skia源代码git clone https://skia.googlesource.com/skia.git
• 输入skia cd D:/skia的源目录
• 执行python脚本python tools/git-sync-deps
• 将VC工具集设置为生成配置文件
• 用Notpad++打开skia/gn/BUILDCONFIG.gn文件
• 将win_vc = "“的值设置为VisualStudio安装目录中的VC目录。(每台计算机的路径不同)类似于我的设置：win_vc = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC"
• 执行Visual解决方案文件

## Execute in the skia directory -> skia\bin
## Directly build Visual Studio's .sln file
> gn gen out/sln --ide=vs

现在您可以获得Visual的解决方案文件，然后使用Visual进行构建。