迁移到Rails 5，rails宝石发行

Question

我正在尝试从Rails 4.2迁移到Rails 5.0 (运行在ruby2.3上)(参见这里的计划https://stackoverflow.com/a/38443616/7374136)

计划是：

1. 更新rails gem和所有依赖项。
2. 运行测试(几乎涵盖了我们的整个代码库)以进行折旧并修复它们。
3. 运行rake rails:update到更新Rails
4. 调整配置，应用程序类，破坏更改，.

尽管如此，我已经在第一步就被阻止了，更新rails gem和依赖项。gem 'rails', '4.2.5' -> gem 'rails', '~> 5.0' running：bundle update rails。

我面临多个依赖关系问题，我通过查找最终要求rails小于5的依赖项来解决这些问题，并查看这些依赖项是否可以更新。跑步：

bundle update rails tolk rspec-rails globalize active_model_serializers simple_form postmark-rails > rails_update_report.txt

我最后得到一个Gemfile，如下所示：

source 'https://rubygems.org'

# ruby '2.3.2'
gem 'bundler', '>= 1.11.2'

#core
gem 'rails', '~> 5.0'
gem 'pg'
gem 'puma'

#rest-client
gem 'httparty'

#rails-extension
gem 'rails-i18n', '~> 4.0', '>= 4.0.8'
gem 'active_model_serializers', '~> 0.10.7'
gem 'devise', '~> 3.5.6'
gem 'devise-i18n'
gem 'devise-i18n-views'
gem 'draper', '~> 2.1.0'
gem 'interactor', '~> 3.1'
gem 'rack-cors', :require => 'rack/cors'
gem 'globalize', '~> 5.1'
gem 'globalize-accessors', '~> 0.2.1'
gem 'kaminari'
gem 'tolk', '~> 3.1'
gem 'reform', '~> 2.1.0'
gem 'reform-rails', '~> 0.1.0'
gem 'virtus', '~> 1.0.5'
gem 'validates_timeliness', '~> 4.0'
gem 'pundit', '~> 1.1.0'
gem 'time_difference'
gem 'phonelib', '~> 0.5.6'
gem 'jwt', '~> 1.5'
gem 'pdf-forms', github: 'jkraemer/pdf-forms', branch: "1.0.0"
gem 'combine_pdf', '~> 0.2.21'
gem 'pdf-reader'

#markdown
gem 'redcarpet'

#files upload and images handling
gem 'carrierwave', '~> 0.11.2'
gem 'fog-aws'
gem 'file_validators'
gem 'mini_magick'
gem 'remotipart'
gem 'carrierwave-imageoptimizer'
gem 'fastimage'

#front
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
gem 'uglifier'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.1'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'jquery-cookie-rails'
gem 'foundation-rails'
gem 'slim-rails'
gem 'simple_form', '~> 4.0', '>= 4.0.1'
gem 'cocoon', '~> 1.2.8'
gem 'font-awesome-rails', '~> 4.5'
gem 'jquery-slick-rails'
# gem 'dropzonejs-rails'

# misc
gem 'sentry-raven'
gem 'postmark-rails', '~> 0.18.0'
gem 'chargebee'
gem 'split', require: 'split/dashboard'

# Note that backup is actually a stand alone app packaged as a ruby gem!
gem 'backup',   require: false
gem 'whenever', require: false

#Delayed Jobs
gem 'sidekiq'
gem 'sidekiq-client-cli'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'quiet_assets'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 3.8', '>= 3.8.1'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', require: false
  gem 'faker'

  gem 'pry-rails'
  gem 'pry-rescue'

  gem 'bullet'
  gem 'active_record_query_trace'
end

group :development do
  gem 'better_errors'
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
  gem 'binding_of_caller'
  gem 'foreman'
  gem 'i18n_yaml_sorter'

  gem 'capistrano', '~> 3.4', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-rails', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-bundler', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-rbenv', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-db-tasks', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-maintenance', '~> 1.0', require: false
  gem 'airbrussh', require: false
  gem 'highline', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-faster-assets', require: false
  gem 'capistrano-sidekiq', github: 'seuros/capistrano-sidekiq'
end

group :test do
  gem 'capybara', require: false
  gem 'database_cleaner', require: false
  gem 'launchy', require: false
  gem 'site_prism', require: false
  gem 'memoist'

  gem 'rspec-collection_matchers', require: false
  gem 'poltergeist', require: false
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', require: false
  gem 'capybara-screenshot', require: false
  gem 'webmock', require: false
  gem 'email_spec', require: false

  gem 'rspec-sidekiq'
end

我得到了以下错误：

Could not find gem 'rails (~> 5.0)', which is required by gem 'dropzonejs-rails', in any of the sources.

完整的报告是：

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.......
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Resolving dependencies..............
Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "actionmailer":
  In Gemfile:
    postmark-rails (~> 0.18.0) was resolved to 0.18.0, which depends on
      actionmailer (>= 3.0.0)

    rails (~> 5.0) was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
      actionmailer (= 5.0.0)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "actionpack":
  In Gemfile:
    active_model_serializers (~> 0.10.7) was resolved to 0.10.7, which depends on
      actionpack (< 6, >= 4.1)

    draper (~> 2.1.0) was resolved to 2.1.0, which depends on
      actionpack (>= 3.0)

    kaminari was resolved to 0.16.3, which depends on
      actionpack (>= 3.0.0)

    rails (~> 5.0) was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
      actionpack (= 5.0.0)

    simple_form (>= 4.0.1, ~> 4.0) was resolved to 4.0.1, which depends on
      actionpack (>= 5.0)

    slim-rails was resolved to 3.1.1, which depends on
      actionpack (>= 3.1)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "activerecord":
  In Gemfile:
    globalize (~> 5.1) was resolved to 5.1.0, which depends on
      activerecord (< 5.2, >= 4.2)

    rails (~> 5.0) was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
      activerecord (= 5.0.0)

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "rails":
  In Gemfile:
    rails (~> 5.0)

    dropzonejs-rails was resolved to 0.8.2, which depends on
      rails (> 3.1)

Could not find gem 'rails (~> 5.0)', which is required by gem 'dropzonejs-rails', in any of the sources.

Bundler could not find compatible versions for gem "railties":
  In Gemfile:
    rails (~> 5.0) was resolved to 5.0.0, which depends on
      railties (= 5.0.0)

    rails-i18n (>= 4.0.8, ~> 4.0) was resolved to 4.0.9, which depends on
      railties (~> 4.0)

我正面临着一个我无法解决的问题。有人能帮我吗？

Answer 1

听起来你已经控制了“寻找阻塞依赖，然后修复它”的循环。

目前需要注意的问题在最底层：

rails-i18n (>= 4.0.8, ~> 4.0) was resolved to 4.0.9, which depends on
  railties (~> 4.0)

Answer 2

海事组织最好将版本号和范围保持在Gemfile之外，只在Gemfile.lock中。这样，你只需找一个地方解决这些问题。因此，当您添加一个gem时，继续将它与其版本规范放在Gemfile中，执行bundle install并安装它，然后从Gemfile中删除版本规范，并将其留在Gemfile.lock中，在Gemfile.lock中，邦德勒将自动将其放入其中。