Python从不同组合中获取日期

Question

我有一个包含多行的文本文件--其中一行包含字段description，该字段有多个日期组合或符号，由其他字符串(如colasas|04/18/2017|NXP、FTP Permanent|09|10|2012|FTP和Project|16 July 2005|Design )包围。从这里我只想解析日期，我找到的一种方法是使用dateutil模块，它看起来很复杂，而且为此目的需要进行大量的操作。

因此，在进行示例测试时，它适用于某些组合。

>>> from dateutil.parser import parse
>>> test_cases = ['04/30/2009', '06/20/95', '8/2/69', '1/25/2011', '9/3/2002', '4-13-82', 'Mar-02-2009', 'Jan 20, 1974',
...               'March 20, 1990', 'Dec. 21, 2001', 'May 25 2009', '01 Mar 2002', '2 April 2003', '20 Aug. 2004',
...               '20 November, 1993', 'Aug 10th, 1994', 'Sept 1st, 2005', 'Feb. 22nd, 1988', 'Sept 2002', 'Sep 2002',
...               'December, 1998', 'Oct. 2000', '6/2008', '12/2001', '1998', '2002']
>>> for date_string in test_cases:
...     print(date_string, parse(date_string).strftime("%Y%m%d"))
...
04/30/2009 20090430
06/20/95 19950620
8/2/69 19690802
----- etc --------

然而，我有下面的数据组合，我需要解析，但是当选择上面的解决方案时，它无法得到结果。

由于description是可选的，因为它可能在某一点上丢失，所以我考虑使用(?:description:* (.*))?。

description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: FTP Permanent|09|10|2012|FTP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: TDA Drop12 Account|July 2004|TDA Drop12 Account
description: ftp|121210|ftp
description: Design Foundry Project|16 July 2005|Design Foundry Project
description: FTP Permanent|10/10/2010|FTP
description: WFS-JP|7-31-05|WFS-JP
description: FTP Permanent|10|11|2010|FTP

我已经改变了问题，只是允许更多的能见度，以获得更多的投入。

下面是actula脚本，它有三个不同的匹配dn、ftpuser和最后一个description，我正在寻找解决方案。下面的脚本用于所有匹配，但最后一个feild是描述，它具有混合数据和原始数据，我只需要日期。

数据封装在管道之间，"|"。

#!/usr/bin/python3
# ./dataparse.py
from __future__ import print_function
from signal import signal, SIGPIPE, SIG_DFL
signal(SIGPIPE,SIG_DFL)
import re
with open('test2', 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        line = line.strip()
        data = f.read()
        regex = (r"dn:(.*?)\nftpuser: (.*)\ndescription:* (.*)")
        matchObj = re.findall(regex, data)
        for index in matchObj:
            #print(index)
            index_str = ' '.join(index)
            new_str = re.sub(r'[=,]', ' ', index_str)
            new_str = new_str.split()
            print("{0:<30}{1:<20}{2:<50}".format(new_str[1],new_str[8],new_str[9]))

产出：

$ ./dataparse.py
ab02                          disabled_5Mar07     Remedy
mela                          Y                   ROYALS|none|customer
ab01                          Y                   VGVzdGluZyA
tt@regg.com                   T                   REG-JP|7-31-05|REG-JP

Answer 1

您使用的parse方法接受关键字参数，允许忽略字符串中不相关的部分。

:param fuzzy:
    Whether to allow fuzzy parsing, allowing for string like "Today is
    January 1, 2047 at 8:21:00AM".

演示：

>>> parse('colasas|04/18/2017|NXP', fuzzy=True)
datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 18, 0, 0)

还有一个还可以返回元组，包括被忽略的字符串的部分：

>>> parse('colasas|04/18/2017|NXP', fuzzy_with_tokens=True)
(datetime.datetime(2017, 4, 18, 0, 0), ('colasas|', '|NXP'))

这个方法不能很好地处理所有的输入字符串，但是它应该会让你得到更多的信息。你可能得为那些陌生人做一些预处理。

Answer 2

使用一些字符串操作

演示：

s = """description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: FTP Permanent|09|10|2012|FTP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: TDA Drop12 Account|July 2004|TDA Drop12 Account
description: ftp|121210|ftp
description: Design Foundry Project|16 July 2005|Design Foundry Project
description: FTP Permanent|10/10/2010|FTP
description: WFS-JP|7-31-05|WFS-JP
description: FTP Permanent|10|11|2010|FTP"""


from dateutil.parser import parse

for i in s.split("\n"):
    val = i.split("|", 1)                            #Split by first "|"
    if len(val) > 1:                                 #Check if Date in string.
        val = val[1].rpartition("|")[0]               #Split by right "|"
        print( parse(val, fuzzy=True) )

输出：

2017-04-18 00:00:00
2017-04-18 00:00:00
2012-07-03 00:00:00
2004-07-03 00:00:00
2010-12-12 00:00:00
2005-07-16 00:00:00
2010-10-10 00:00:00
2005-07-31 00:00:00
2010-07-03 00:00:00

关于日期时间错误删除from datetime import datetime

演示：

import re
import datetime
strh = "description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP"
match = re.search(r'\d{2}/\d{2}/\d{4}', strh)
date = datetime.datetime.strptime(match.group(), '%m/%d/%Y').date()
print(date)

Answer 3

text="""
description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: colasas|04/18/2017|NXP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: FTP Permanent|09|10|2012|FTP
description: Remedy Tkt 01212152 Orcad move
description: TDA Drop12 Account|July 2004|TDA Drop12 Account
description: ftp|121210|ftp
description: Design Foundry Project|16 July 2005|Design Foundry Project
description: FTP Permanent|10/10/2010|FTP
description: WFS-JP|7-31-05|WFS-JP
description: FTP Permanent|10|11|2010|FTP
"""
import re

reg=re.compile(r"(?ms)\|(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)\||\|(\d{1,2})[\|/\-](\d{1,2})[\|/\-](\d{2,4})\||\|(\d*)\s*(\w+)\s*(\d{4})\|")

dates= [ t[:3] if t[1] else t[3:6] if t[4] else t[6:] for t in reg.findall(text) ]
print(dates)

"""
    regexp for |121210| ---> \|(\d\d)(\d\d)(\d\d)\|
    for |16 July 2005| ---> \|(\d*)\s*(\w+)\s*(\d{4})\|
    for the others ---> \|(\d{1,2})[\|/\-](\d{1,2})[\|/\-](\d{2,4})\|
"""
Output: [('04', '18', '2017'), ('04', '18', '2017'), ('09', '10', '2012'), ('', 'July', '2004'), ('12', '12', '10'), ('16', 'July', '2005'), ('10', '10', '2010'), ('7', '31', '05'), ('10', '11', '2010')]

按原样获取日期：

reg=re.compile(r"(?ms)\|(\d{6})\||\|(\d{1,2}[\|/\-]\d{1,2}[\|/\-]\d{2,4})\||\|(\d*\s*\w+\s+\d{4})\|")

dates= [ t[0] or t[1] or t[2] for t in reg.findall(text) ]
print(dates)

Output:
['04/18/2017', '04/18/2017', '09|10|2012', 'July 2004', '121210', '16 July 2005', '10/10/2010', '7-31-05', '10|11|2010']