inets httpd：“用户指南”中的服务器示例不起作用
inets httpd：“用户指南”中的服务器示例不起作用
提问于 2018-02-25 10:13:59
我直接从inets用户指南中复制了代码：
$ erl
Erlang/OTP 19 [erts-8.2] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V8.2 (abort with ^G)
1> inets:start().
ok
2> {ok, Pid} = inets:start(httpd, [{port, 0}, {server_name,"httpd_test"}, {server_root,"/tmp"}, {document_root,"/tmp/htdocs"}, {bind_address, "localhost"}]).
=ERROR REPORT==== 25-Feb-2018::03:08:14 ===
Failed initiating web server:
undefined
{invalid_option,{non_existing,{document_root,"/tmp/htdocs"}}}
** exception error: no match of right hand side value
{error,
{{shutdown,
{failed_to_start_child,
{httpd_manager,{127,0,0,1},60152,default},
{error,
{invalid_option,
{non_existing,{document_root,"/tmp/htdocs"}}}}}},
{child,undefined,
{httpd_instance_sup,{127,0,0,1},60152,default},
{httpd_instance_sup,start_link,
[[{port,60152},
{bind_address,{127,0,0,1}},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{server_root,"/tmp"},
{document_root,"/tmp/htdocs"}],
15000,
{<0.73.0>,#Port<0.904>},
[]]},
permanent,infinity,supervisor,
[httpd_instance_sup]}}}
3> document_root是一个无效的选项？好的，我将检查有效选项列表并纠正example....hmmmm中的错误，似乎没有错误。
好吧，我需要这么做：
$ cd /tmp
$ mkdir htdocs现在，我试图绑定到本地主机的ipv6版本，但是我没有运气。httpd文档说：
{bind_address, ip_address() | hostname() | any}ip_address()定义为：
ip_address() = {N1,N2,N3,N4} % IPv4 | {K1,K2,K3,K4,K5,K6,K7,K8} % IPv6但N和K没有定义。如果N是整数，什么是K？我试过：
{bind_address, {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}}但我有个错误：
$ erl
Erlang/OTP 19 [erts-8.2] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V8.2 (abort with ^G)
1> inets:start().
ok
2> inets:start(httpd, [{port, 0}, {server_name, "httpd_test"}, {server_root, "."}, {document_root, "./htdocs"}, {bind_address,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}}]).
{error,{listen,{exit,badarg}}}然而，有了ipv4地址，一切都如预期的那样工作：
3> inets:start(httpd, [{port, 0}, {server_name, "httpd_test"}, {server_root, "."}, {document_root, "./htdocs"}, {bind_address,{127,0,0,1}}]).
{ok,<0.74.0>}
4> httpd:info(pid(0,74,0)).
[{mime_types,[{"htm","text/html"},{"html","text/html"}]},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{bind_address,{127,0,0,1}},
{server_root,"."},
{port,63069},
{document_root,"./htdocs"}]
5> httpc:request("http://localhost:63069/file1.txt").
{ok,{{"HTTP/1.1",200,"OK"},
[{"date","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 03:02:33 GMT"},
{"etag","nCZT0114"},
{"server","inets/6.3.4"},
{"content-length","14"},
{"content-type","text/plain"},
{"last-modified","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 02:51:52 GMT"}],
"Hello, world!\n"}}/ets/主机：
##
# Host Database
#
# localhost is used to configure the loopback interface
# when the system is booting. Do not change this entry.
##
127.0.0.1 localhost
255.255.255.255 broadcasthost
::1 localhost 接下来，我尝试了{bind_address, any}
$ erl
Erlang/OTP 19 [erts-8.2] [source] [64-bit] [smp:4:4] [async-threads:10] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false]
Eshell V8.2 (abort with ^G)
1> inets:start().
ok
2> {ok, Server} = inets:start(httpd, [{port, 0}, {server_name, "httpd_test"}, {server_root, "."}, {document_root, "./htdocs"}, {bind_address, any}]).
{ok,<0.72.0>}
3> httpd:info(Server).
[{mime_types,[{"htm","text/html"},{"html","text/html"}]},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{bind_address,any},
{server_root,"."},
{port,63679},
{document_root,"./htdocs"}]但是，我无法使用ipv6地址执行get请求：
4> httpc:request("http://[::1]:63679/file1.txt").
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"::1",63679}},
{inet,[inet],nxdomain}]}}
5> httpc:request("http://127.0.0.1:63679/file1.txt").
{ok,{{"HTTP/1.1",200,"OK"},
[{"date","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 03:13:35 GMT"},
{"etag","nCZT0114"},
{"server","inets/6.3.4"},
{"content-length","14"},
{"content-type","text/plain"},
{"last-modified","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 02:51:52 GMT"}],
"Hello, world!\n"}}好的，我解决了当我试图将服务器绑定到一个ipv6地址时遇到的错误:我需要指定选项{ipfamily, inet6}
inets:start(httpd, [{port, 0},
{server_name, "httpd_test"},
{server_root, "."},
{document_root, "./htdocs"},
{ipfamily, inet6},
{bind_address,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}}]).但是，我的httpc:request()仍然失败：
4> httpd:info(Server).
[{mime_types,[{"htm","text/html"},{"html","text/html"}]},
{ipfamily,inet6},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{bind_address,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}},
{server_root,"."},
{port,51284},
{document_root,"./htdocs"}]
5> httpc:request("http://[::1]:51284/file1.txt").
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet,[inet],nxdomain}]}我可以使用curl使用ipv6地址发出get请求：
~$ curl -v "http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt"
* Trying ::1...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* Connected to ::1 (::1) port 52489 (#0)
> GET /file1.txt HTTP/1.1
> Host: [::1]:52489
> User-Agent: curl/7.58.0
> Accept: */*
>
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Date: Mon, 26 Feb 2018 05:07:07 GMT
< Server: inets/6.3.4
< Content-Type: text/plain
< Etag: nCZT0114
< Content-Length: 14
< Last-Modified: Mon, 26 Feb 2018 02:51:52 GMT
<
Hello, world!
* Connection #0 to host ::1 left intact这让我相信httpc:request()在ipv6地址上有问题。
好的，我尝试为ipv6配置客户机：
1> inets:start().
ok
2> {ok, Client} = inets:start(httpc, [{profile, client1_config}] ).
{ok,<0.72.0>}
3> Client.
<0.72.0>
7> httpc:set_options([{ipfamily, inet6}], client1_config).
ok手指祈祷..。
8> httpc:request("http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt", client1_config).
{error,
{failed_connect,
[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],nxdomain}]}}然后，我尝试了(我为易读性添加的间隔)：
9> httpc:request(
get,
"http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt",
[],
[{ipv6_host_with_brackets, true}],
client1_config
).
** exception error: no function clause matching httpc:request(get,"http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt",[],
[{ipv6_host_with_brackets,true}],
client1_config) (httpc.erl, line 149)这个错误对我来说毫无意义。有一个httpc：五arg版本 ()，我仔细检查了所有arg的类型，我的类型是正确的：
httpc:request(atom, string, list_of_tuples, list_of_tuples, atom)好的，第二个参数实际上是一个元组：{string, []}。以下是我现在在服务器上的位置：
7> httpd:info(Server).
[{mime_types,[{"htm","text/html"},{"html","text/html"}]},
{ipfamily,inet6},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{bind_address,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}},
{server_root,"."},
{port,53686},
{document_root,"./htdocs"}]客户：
32> httpc:get_options(all, client1_config).
{ok,[{proxy,{undefined,[]}},
{https_proxy,{undefined,[]}},
{pipeline_timeout,0},
{max_pipeline_length,2},
{max_keep_alive_length,5},
{keep_alive_timeout,120000},
{max_sessions,2},
{cookies,disabled},
{verbose,verbose},
{ipfamily,inet6},
{ip,default},
{port,default},
{socket_opts,[]}]}但我的客户仍然无法连接到ipv6地址。我不知道是否应该使用httpc:request()选项{ipv6_host_with_brackets, true}，所以我尝试了两种方法：
34> httpc:request(get, {"http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt", []}, [], [{ipv6_host_with_brackets, true}], client1_config).
(<0.124.0>) << {dbg,{ok,[{matched,nonode@nohost,1}]}}
(<0.124.0>) << {#Ref<0.0.3.431>,
{ok,<<16,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0>>}}
(<0.124.0>) << {inet_async,#Port<0.981>,5,{error,econnrefused}}
(<0.124.0>) << {'EXIT',#Port<0.981>,normal}
(<0.124.0>) << {init_error,error_connecting,
{#Ref<0.0.3.426>,
{error,
{failed_connect,
[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}}}
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}
35> httpc:request(get, {"http://[::1]:52489/file1.txt", []}, [], [], client1_config).
(<0.126.0>) << {dbg,{ok,[{matched,nonode@nohost,1}]}}
(<0.126.0>) << {#Ref<0.0.3.447>,
{ok,<<16,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0>>}}
(<0.126.0>) << {inet_async,#Port<0.982>,6,{error,econnrefused}}
(<0.126.0>) << {'EXIT',#Port<0.982>,normal}
(<0.126.0>) << {init_error,error_connecting,
{#Ref<0.0.3.442>,
{error,
{failed_connect,
[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}}}
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"::1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}
36> httpc:request(get, {"http://[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1]:52489/file1.txt", []}, [], [{ipv6_host_with_brackets, true}], client1_config).
(<0.128.0>) << {dbg,{ok,[{matched,nonode@nohost,1}]}}
(<0.128.0>) << {#Ref<0.0.3.463>,
{ok,<<16,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0>>}}
(<0.128.0>) << {inet_async,#Port<0.983>,7,{error,econnrefused}}
(<0.128.0>) << {'EXIT',#Port<0.983>,normal}
(<0.128.0>) << {init_error,error_connecting,
{#Ref<0.0.3.458>,
{error,
{failed_connect,
[{to_address,{"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}}}
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",
52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}
37> httpc:request(get, {"http://[0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1]:52489/file1.txt", []}, [], [], client1_config).
(<0.130.0>) << {dbg,{ok,[{matched,nonode@nohost,1}]}}
(<0.130.0>) << {#Ref<0.0.3.479>,
{ok,<<16,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0>>}}
(<0.130.0>) << {inet_async,#Port<0.984>,8,{error,econnrefused}}
(<0.130.0>) << {'EXIT',#Port<0.984>,normal}
(<0.130.0>) << {init_error,error_connecting,
{#Ref<0.0.3.474>,
{error,
{failed_connect,
[{to_address,{"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}}}
{error,{failed_connect,[{to_address,{"0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1",
52489}},
{inet6,[inet6],econnrefused}]}}回答 1
Stack Overflow用户
回答已采纳
发布于 2018-02-25 10:45:14
好吧!我得到了一个客户端，可以使用ipv6地址成功地提出请求。对于所有的要求，在我的问题底部，我指定了错误的端口。一旦我获得了与服务器端口匹配的客户端端口，那么所有这些请求都成功了。这是我的装置：
服务器配置：
7> httpd:info(Server).
[{mime_types,[{"htm","text/html"},{"html","text/html"}]},
{ipfamily,inet6},
{server_name,"httpd_test"},
{bind_address,{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1}},
{server_root,"."},
{port,53686},
{document_root,"./htdocs"}]
8> 客户端配置：
52> httpc:get_options(all, client1_config).
{ok,[{proxy,{undefined,[]}},
{https_proxy,{undefined,[]}},
{pipeline_timeout,0},
{max_pipeline_length,2},
{max_keep_alive_length,5},
{keep_alive_timeout,120000},
{max_sessions,2},
{cookies,disabled},
{verbose,false},
{ipfamily,inet6},
{ip,default},
{port,default},
{socket_opts,[]}]}
53> 以下是请求的最短语法：
53> httpc:request("http://[::1]:53686/file1.txt", client1_config).
{ok,{{"HTTP/1.1",200,"OK"},
[{"date","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 10:21:39 GMT"},
{"etag","nCZT0114"},
{"server","inets/6.3.4"},
{"content-length","14"},
{"content-type","text/plain"},
{"last-modified","Mon, 26 Feb 2018 02:51:52 GMT"}],
"Hello, world!\n"}}因此，不需要httpc:request()选项{ipv6_host_with_brackets, true}。
当我阅读httpc文档时，配置文件部分并没有向我注册。但是配置文件由客户端的配置选项组成，它也是存储cookie的地方，因此您需要将配置文件包含在后续请求中。
有一个默认的配置文件，当您没有指定自己的配置文件时，我猜它会在每个请求中自动发送，而且我认为默认配置文件将为您处理cookie。(不，不是默认的。我在httpc:set_options()的定义下面找到了以下内容：
CookieMode =已启用的/禁用的\x验证 如果启用cookie，所有有效cookie将自动保存在客户端管理器的cookie数据库中。如果使用了“验证”选项，则必须调用函数store_cookie/2来保存cookies。默认为禁用。
还可以将配置选项添加到默认配置文件中。
但是，如果您需要对一些请求使用像ipv6这样的配置，而不是其他请求，那么您可以在httpc: request ()'s和其他请求的默认配置文件中创建一个指定的配置文件，并在需要时使用指定的配置文件。客户端配置选项参见httpc:set_options()。有点困惑的是，httpc:request()有一个选项参数，它允许您指定其他选项(请参阅httpc:request/5下面列出的选项列表)。一些请求选项，比如同步和流，似乎更适合于配置文件：
配置文件跟踪可应用于多个请求的代理选项、cookie和其他选项。 http://erlang.org/doc/man/httpc.html
如果通过调用inets:start(httpc, profile_name)创建配置文件，则返回值是客户端的Pid，它在单独的进程中分离，并在使用该配置文件时处理请求。您可以使用以下任何一种方法杀死客户端：
inets:stop(httpc, name_of_profile)
inets:stop(httpc, ClientPid)页面原文内容由Stack Overflow提供。腾讯云小微IT领域专用引擎提供翻译支持
原文链接：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48972369
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