在debian 8上用发色器启动Selenium后出错

Question

我在谷歌Chrome上尝试使用Selenium。它能在我的电脑上正常工作，但不会在我的Debian 8 64位服务器上运行。但是在服务器上，我得到了下面的代码--这个错误。

root@vps:/opt/SupportBot# java -jar /opt/web/googletest.jar
Starting ChromeDriver 2.34.522913 (36222509aa6e819815938cbf2709b4849735537c) on port 14684
Only local connections are allowed.
Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException: unknown error: cannot find Chrome binary
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.34.522913 (36222509aa6e819815938cbf2709b4849735537c),platform=Linux 2.6.32-042stab127.2 x86_64) (WARNING: The server did not provide any stacktrace information)
Command duration or timeout: 147 milliseconds
Build info: version: '3.8.1', revision: '6e95a6684b', time: '2017-12-01T19:05:14.666Z'
System info: host: 'vps.server.com', ip: 'X.XXX.XXX.XXX', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '2.6.32-042stab127.2', java.version: '1.8.0_151'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.createThrowable(ErrorHandler.java:214)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed(ErrorHandler.java:166)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$new$0(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:53)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.JsonWireProtocolResponse.lambda$getResponseFunction$2(JsonWireProtocolResponse.java:91)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.lambda$createSession$0(ProtocolHandshake.java:123)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
        at java.util.Spliterators$ArraySpliterator.tryAdvance(Spliterators.java:958)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.forEachWithCancel(ReferencePipeline.java:126)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyIntoWithCancel(AbstractPipeline.java:498)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:485)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
        at java.util.stream.FindOps$FindOp.evaluateSequential(FindOps.java:152)
        at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
        at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.findFirst(ReferencePipeline.java:464)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:126)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake.createSession(ProtocolHandshake.java:73)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:142)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:601)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession(RemoteWebDriver.java:219)
        at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.<init>(RemoteWebDriver.java:142)
        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:181)
        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:168)
        at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:123)
        at GoogleSearch.main(GoogleSearch.java:14)

下面是我在windows PC和debian 8服务器上使用的代码：https://pastebin.com/auyNbi28

用过的软件：- Selenium版本3.8.1 - ChromeDriver 2.34-Debian8

更新：谢谢C-奥托，现在我开始前进了！我发现这个问题是因为没有安装铬。但是现在我在循环中得到了这个错误

Starting ChromeDriver 2.34.522913 (36222509aa6e819815938cbf2709b4849735537c) on port 2783 Only local connections are allowed. [0.748][SEVERE]: CreatePlatformSocket() returned an error, errno=97: Address family not supported by protocol (97)

Answer 1

你看到的第一个错误是：

sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)

造成此错误的主要原因如下：

• java.lang.RuntimeException: exception in constructor
• java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
• java.lang.IllegalArgumentException

您可以找到关于这个回答中提到的要点的详细讨论。

你看到的第二个错误是：

[SEVERE]: CreatePlatformSocket() returned an error, errno=97: Address family not supported by protocol (97)

造成此错误的最常见原因是/etc/hosts文件中的错误配置。确保/etc/hosts中的条目是正确的，如下所示：

....
---   127.0.0.1       localhost.domain               localhost
+++   127.0.0.1       localhost               localhost

但通常情况下，CreatePlatformSocket()错误可能来自host_resolver_impl.cc.中的IPv6探测。

Issue#700347清楚地提到Chrome不支持没有IPv6支持的内核。在See system requirements下面有一个受支持的Linux发行版列表：topic=3227046

这起事故已经报告给铬，并正在被跟踪的这里。