GHC/GCC编译器从Stg.h发出__STDC_VERSION__ w/ C99，每个包都失败

Question

每当我试图在OSX 10.12.6和GCC 4.8.0上安装一个带有阴谋(2.0.0)的软件包时，我都会遇到以下关于GHC 8.2.1中的Stg.h文件的错误，这个错误非常神秘。我不能在OSX上安装任何软件包。

预期行为：

cabal install $packagename应该在OSX上安装$packagename，因为阴谋集团和阴谋集团安装都是正确的.

观察到的行为：

cabal install $packagename失败是由于一个名为__STDC_VERSION__的变量相关的低级别GHC/GCC问题。我不是一个C程序员，我不期望我的正确安装GHC和阴谋集团失败安装软件包。此问题与用户错误无关。

Matthew@Mattmac git:the_D*+ ~/Projects/kata/euler>cabal update && cabal 
install optparse-applicative
Downloading the latest package list from hackage.haskell.org
gcc: warning: couldn’t understand kern.osversion ‘16.7.0
gcc: warning: couldn’t understand kern.osversion ‘16.7.0
Warning: --root-cmd is no longer supported, see
https://github.com/haskell/cabal/issues/3353 (if you didn't type --root-cmd,
comment out root-cmd in your ~/.cabal/config file)
Resolving dependencies...
Downloading transformers-compat-0.5.1.4...
Configuring colour-2.3.4...
Configuring transformers-compat-0.5.1.4...
Building colour-2.3.4...
Building transformers-compat-0.5.1.4...
Failed to install transformers-compat-0.5.1.4
Build log ( /Users/Matthew/.cabal/logs/ghc-8.2.1/transformers-compat-0.5.1.4-HHfl4KyHCH71PMx2CRgdve.log ):
cabal: Entering directory '/var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/cabal-tmp-91946/transformers-compat-0.5.1.4'
Configuring transformers-compat-0.5.1.4...
gcc: warning: couldn’t understand kern.osversion ‘16.7.0
Preprocessing library for transformers-compat-0.5.1.4..
Building library for transformers-compat-0.5.1.4..
[1 of 2] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Instances ( src/Control/Monad/Trans/Instances.hs, dist/build/Control/Monad/Trans/Instances.o )
[2 of 2] Compiling Paths_transformers_compat ( dist/build/autogen/Paths_transformers_compat.hs, dist/build/Paths_transformers_compat.o )
[1 of 2] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Instances ( src/Control/Monad/Trans/Instances.hs, dist/build/Control/Monad/Trans/Instances.p_o )
In file included from /Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework/Versions/8.2.1-x86_64/usr/lib/ghc-8.2.1/include/Rts.h:30:0: error:
    0,
                     from /var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/ghc92089_0/ghc_7.c:2:

/Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework/Versions/8.2.1-x86_64/usr/lib/ghc-8.2.1/include/Stg.h:30:3: error:
     error: #error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
     # error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
       ^
   |
30 | # error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
   |   ^
`gcc' failed in phase `C Compiler'. (Exit code: 1)
cabal: Leaving directory '/var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/cabal-tmp-91946/transformers-compat-0.5.1.4'
Failed to install colour-2.3.4
Build log ( /Users/Matthew/.cabal/logs/ghc-8.2.1/colour-2.3.4-9c0ktEQZfar3Wigr5kT6BU.log ):
cabal: Entering directory '/var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/cabal-tmp-91945/colour-2.3.4'
Configuring colour-2.3.4...
Preprocessing library for colour-2.3.4..
Building library for colour-2.3.4..
[ 1 of 14] Compiling Data.Colour.CIE.Chromaticity ( 
Data/Colour/CIE/Chromaticity.hs, dist/build/Data/Colour/CIE/Chromaticity.o )
...
[ 1 of 14] Compiling Data.Colour.CIE.Chromaticity ( Data/Colour/CIE/Chromaticity.hs, dist/build/Data/Colour/CIE/Chromaticity.p_o )

In file included from /Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework/Versions/8.2.1-x86_64/usr/lib/ghc-8.2.1/include/Rts.h:30:0: error:
    0,
                     from /var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/ghc92201_0/ghc_3.c:2:

/Library/Frameworks/GHC.framework/Versions/8.2.1-x86_64/usr/lib/ghc-8.2.1/include/Stg.h:30:3: error:
     error: #error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
     # error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
       ^
   |
30 | # error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later
   |   ^
`gcc' failed in phase `C Compiler'. (Exit code: 1)
cabal: Leaving directory '/var/folders/qw/k0t4r5fd5_b0phjvwtxx_n700000gq/T/cabal-tmp-91945/colour-2.3.4'
cabal: Error: some packages failed to install:
ansi-terminal-0.7.1.1-3eOIKoB8mo97DkHMJ6AgBw depends on ansi-terminal-0.7.1.1
which failed to install.
ansi-wl-pprint-0.6.8.1-Ctcte9oFd5tFGoIV7u576g depends on
ansi-wl-pprint-0.6.8.1 which failed to install.
colour-2.3.4-9c0ktEQZfar3Wigr5kT6BU failed during the building phase. The
exception was:
ExitFailure 1
optparse-applicative-0.14.0.0-Iaq7kOKFg2Z4XsKvk269H6 depends on
optparse-applicative-0.14.0.0 which failed to install.
transformers-compat-0.5.1.4-HHfl4KyHCH71PMx2CRgdve failed during the building phase. The exception was:
ExitFailure 1

Answer 1

这个错误令人难以置信的神秘。

实际上，看起来很清楚：

error: #error __STDC_VERSION__ does not advertise C99 or later

C头文件Stg.h正在使用标准宏__STDC_VERSION__检查编译器是否支持C99 (标准ISO的1999年版本)。因为没有相应地设置它，所以编译器不兼容C99，而且C源会触发一个错误。

基本上，Stg.h拒绝使用一个甚至不支持18岁的C标准的C编译器进行编译。相当合理。

GCC 4.8确实看上去很古老:最新的GCC是7.1。如果不是最新版本的话，我会尝试把GCC升级到更新的版本。

更新:正如基思·汤普森( Keith )在下面指出的那样，GCC 4.8，尽管年龄大，但如果它通过了国旗C99 -std=c99，就可以支持它。应该有一些方法可以指示cabal将此标志传递给gcc，但我不记得是如何传递的。应该有一些类似于cflags的选项。