将shell脚本绑定地址设置为localhost的Mysql数据库备份

Question

我使用shell脚本将数据库从远程服务器备份到Synology。脚本运行良好，但是当我将de config @ The remote server中的绑定地址设置为“localhost”时，脚本就不再工作了。脚本需要SSH验证。

问题:如何在此脚本中创建SSH连接/凭据？

在我使用的脚本下面：

#! /bin/bash

TIMESTAMP=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d")
PAST=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d" -d "30 days ago")
BACKUP_DIR="/volume1/dir/dir2/$TIMESTAMP"
PAST_DIR="/volume1/dir/di2/$PAST"
HOST="myip"
MYSQL_USER="username"
MYSQL=/usr/bin/mysql
MYSQL_PASSWORD="password"
MYSQLDUMP=/usr/bin/mysqldump


rm -rv $PAST_DIR 

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

databases=`$MYSQL -h $HOST --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -Ev "(Database|information_schema)"`

for db in $databases; do
  $MYSQLDUMP --force --opt -h $HOST --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD --databases $db | gzip > "$BACKUP_DIR/$db.sql.gz"
done

Answer 1

您需要通过ssh发送命令。修改后的脚本版本应该执行此任务。

#! /bin/bash

TIMESTAMP=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d")
PAST=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d" -d "30 days ago")
BACKUP_DIR="/volume1/dir/dir2/$TIMESTAMP"
PAST_DIR="/volume1/dir/di2/$PAST"
HOST="myip"
MYSQL_USER="username"
MYSQL=/usr/bin/mysql
MYSQL_PASSWORD="password"
MYSQLDUMP=/usr/bin/mysqldump

SSH_KEY=""
SSH_USER=""
SSH_HOST=""

REMOTE_COMMAND="$MYSQL -h $HOST --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -s -e 'SHOW DATABASES' | grep -v 'information_schema'"
databases=$(ssh -i $SSH_KEY ${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST} "$REMOTE_COMMAND")

created=0

for db in $databases; do
  DUMP="$BACKUP_DIR/$db.sql"

  # To save backup on remote machine
  case $created in
    0) REMOTE_COMMAND="rm -rv $PAST_DIR; mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR"; created=1
       ssh -i $SSH_KEY ${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST} "$REMOTE_COMMAND" ;;
    *) ;;
  esac

  REMOTE_COMMAND="$MYSQLDUMP --force --opt -h $HOST --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD --databases $db | gzip -9 > $DUMP.gz"
  ssh -i $SSH_KEY ${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST} "$REMOTE_COMMAND"

  # To save backup on local machine
  # case $created in
  #   0) rm -rv $PAST_DIR; mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR; created=1 ;;
  #   *) ;;
  # esac
  # REMOTE_COMMAND="$MYSQLDUMP --force --opt -h $HOST --user=$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD --databases $db"
  # ssh -i $SSH_KEY ${SSH_USER}@${SSH_HOST} "$REMOTE_COMMAND" | gzip -9 > $DUMP.gz

done

注意事项：您需要设置SSH_KEY (如果您有基于ssh密钥的身份验证)、SSH_USER、SSH_HOST变量。此外，我还提供了两种解决方案，以防您想要将备份保存在本地计算机上，您可以从这里启动命令。还请注意带有-s命令的mysql标志(SHOW DATABASES部件)，它不会打印colum名称(此处为Database)。

Answer 2

这是我的剧本：

#!/bin/bash

## Designed to run in Synology DSM > Control Panel > Task Scheduler > User-defined script

TODAY=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d")
TIME=$(date +"%T")

################################################################
################## Update below values ########################

DB_BACKUP_PATH='/volume2/Backups/Alpine1MySQL/proddata'
MYSQL_HOST='servername.domain.co.nz'
MYSQL_PORT='3306'
MYSQL_USER='backup'
MYSQL_PASSWORD='backuppassword'
DATABASE_NAME='dbname'
BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS=90 ## Number of days to keep local backup copy
MYSQLDUMP=/volume2/@appstore/MariaDB10/usr/local/mariadb10/bin/mysqldump ## Get this file by installing the MariaDB package in Synology package manager (it doesn't need to actually run)

#################################################################

mkdir -p ${DB_BACKUP_PATH}/${TODAY} | echo ${DB_BACKUP_PATH}/${TODAY} "directory created"
echo "Backup started for database: ${DATABASE_NAME}"

$MYSQLDUMP -h ${MYSQL_HOST} \
-P ${MYSQL_PORT} \
-u ${MYSQL_USER} \
-p${MYSQL_PASSWORD} \
${DATABASE_NAME} | zip > ${DB_BACKUP_PATH}/${TODAY}/${DATABASE_NAME}_${TODAY}_${TIME}.sql.zip

if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "Database backup successfully completed"
else
echo "Error found during backup"
exit 1
fi

##### Remove backups older than {BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS} days #####
echo "Removing backups older than" ${BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS} "days "
DBDELDATE=`date +"%d%b%Y" --date="${BACKUP_RETAIN_DAYS} days ago"`

if [ ! -z ${DB_BACKUP_PATH} ]; then
cd ${DB_BACKUP_PATH}
if [ ! -z ${DBDELDATE} ] && [ -d ${DBDELDATE} ]; then
rm -rf ${DBDELDATE}
fi
fi

### End of script ####