两个字符串python之间的Regex匹配

Question

我试图在一个文件中匹配两个[Term]或一个[Term]和一个[Typedef]之间的所有密码，其中包含这样的内容：

remark: Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go/never_in_taxon.owl>))) [Axioms: 18 Logical Axioms: 0]
ontology: go

[Term]
id: GO:0000001
name: mitochondrion inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764]
synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" EXACT []
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance
is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution

[Term]
id: GO:0000002
name: mitochondrial genome maintenance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome; includes replication and segregation of the mitochondrial chromosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:vw]
is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization

[Term]
id: GO:0000011
name: vacuole inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:14616069]
is_a: GO:0007033 ! vacuole organization
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance

[Typedef]
id: positively_regulates
name: positively regulates
namespace: external
xref: RO:0002213
holds_over_chain: negatively_regulates negatively_regulates
is_a: regulates ! regulates
transitive_over: part_of ! part of

[Typedef]
id: regulates
name: regulates
namespace: external
xref: RO:0002211
is_transitive: true
transitive_over: part_of ! part of

With：(?=\[Term\]\s)[\s\S]*(?=\s\s\[Term\]\s)，我只匹配第一个[Term]和倒数第二个。

Answer 1

你可以用

r'(?m)^\[Term].*(?:\r?\n(?!\[(?:Typedef|Term)]).*)*'

见regex演示

详细信息

• (?m) -多行修饰符
• ^ -行的开始
• \[Term] -一个[Term]子字符串
• .* -当前行的其余部分
• (?:\r?\n(?!\[(?:Typedef|Term)]).*)* -0或更多次出现：
  • \r?\n(?!\[(?:Typedef|Term)]) -行中断(CRLF或LF)后面没有[Typedef]或[Term]子字符串。
  • .* -当前行的其余部分

​

Python代码

import re
s = """remark: Includes Ontology(OntologyID(OntologyIRI(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go/never_in_taxon.owl>))) [Axioms: 18 Logical Axioms: 0]
ontology: go

[Term]
id: GO:0000001
name: mitochondrion inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764]
synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" EXACT []
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance
is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution

[Term]
id: GO:0000002
name: mitochondrial genome maintenance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome; includes replication and segregation of the mitochondrial chromosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:vw]
is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization

[Term]
id: GO:0000011
name: vacuole inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:14616069]
is_a: GO:0007033 ! vacuole organization
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance

[Typedef]
id: positively_regulates
name: positively regulates
namespace: external
xref: RO:0002213
holds_over_chain: negatively_regulates negatively_regulates
is_a: regulates ! regulates
transitive_over: part_of ! part of

[Typedef]
id: regulates
name: regulates
namespace: external
xref: RO:0002211
is_transitive: true
transitive_over: part_of ! part of"""
rx = r'(?m)^\[Term].*(?:\r?\n(?!\[(?:Typedef|Term)]).*)*'
cnt=0
for m in re.findall(rx, s):
    print(m)
    print('-------------- Next match ---------------')
    cnt = cnt + 1

print("Number of mathes: {}".format(cnt))

输出：

[Term]
id: GO:0000001
name: mitochondrion inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764]
synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" EXACT []
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance
is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution

-------------- Next match ---------------
[Term]
id: GO:0000002
name: mitochondrial genome maintenance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome; includes replication and segregation of the mitochondrial chromosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:vw]
is_a: GO:0007005 ! mitochondrion organization

-------------- Next match ---------------
[Term]
id: GO:0000011
name: vacuole inheritance
namespace: biological_process
def: "The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:14616069]
is_a: GO:0007033 ! vacuole organization
is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance

-------------- Next match ---------------
Number of mathes: 3

Answer 2

要在这两者之间进行匹配，您可以尝试如下：

import re
s = "[Term] id: GO:0000001 name: mitochondrion inheritance namespace: biological_process def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764] synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" EXACT [] is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution" #etc
the_data = re.findall("\[Term\](.*?)\n\s\[Term\]|\[Term\](.*?)\n\s\[Typedef\]", s)

最后产出：

[(' id: GO:0000001 name: mitochondrion inheritance namespace: biological_process def: "The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:11389764] synonym: "mitochondrial inheritance" EXACT [] is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance is_a: GO:0048311 ! mitochondrion distribution', ''), ('', ' id: GO:0000011 name: vacuole inheritance namespace: biological_process def: "The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton." [GOC:mcc, PMID:10873824, PMID:14616069] is_a: GO:0007033 ! vacuole organization is_a: GO:0048308 ! organelle inheritance')]