CoreNLP斯坦福依赖格式

Question

关于港口和移民的法案是由堪萨斯州共和党参议员布朗巴克提交的。

从上述句子中，我希望获得以下类型化的依赖关系：

nsubjpass(submitted, Bills)
auxpass(submitted, were)
agent(submitted, Brownback)
nn(Brownback, Senator)
appos(Brownback, Republican)
prep_of(Republican, Kansas)
prep_on(Bills, ports)
conj_and(ports, immigration)
prep_on(Bills, immigration)

这应该是可能的，如表1中关于斯坦福属地文档的图1所示。

使用下面的代码，我只能实现以下依赖结构(代码输出如下)：

root(ROOT-0, submitted-7)
nmod:on(Bills-1, ports-3)
nmod:on(Bills-1, immigration-5)
case(ports-3, on-2)
cc(ports-3, and-4)
conj:and(ports-3, immigration-5)
nsubjpass(submitted-7, Bills-1)
auxpass(submitted-7, were-6)
nmod:agent(submitted-7, Brownback-10)
case(Brownback-10, by-8)
compound(Brownback-10, Senator-9)
punct(Brownback-10, ,-11)
appos(Brownback-10, Republican-12)
nmod:of(Republican-12, Kansas-14)
case(Kansas-14, of-13)

问题--如何实现上面所需的输出？

码

public void processTestCoreNLP() {
    String text = "Bills on ports and immigration were submitted " +
            "by Senator Brownback, Republican of Kansas";

    Annotation annotation = new Annotation(text);
    Properties properties = PropertiesUtils.asProperties(
            "annotators", "tokenize,ssplit,pos,lemma,depparse"
    );

    AnnotationPipeline pipeline = new StanfordCoreNLP(properties);

    pipeline.annotate(annotation);

    for (CoreMap sentence : annotation.get(SentencesAnnotation.class)) {
        SemanticGraph sg = sentence.get(EnhancedPlusPlusDependenciesAnnotation.class);
        Collection<TypedDependency> dependencies = sg.typedDependencies();
        for (TypedDependency td : dependencies) {
            System.out.println(td);
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果您想通过NN依赖解析器获得一个句子的CCprocessed和折叠斯坦福依赖项(SD)，那么您必须设置一个属性来避免CoreNLP中的一个小错误。

但是，请注意，我们不再维护斯坦福依赖项代码，除非您有充分的理由使用SD，否则我们建议在任何新项目中使用通用依赖项。有关UD表示的更多信息，请查看通用依赖(UD)文档和舒斯特和曼宁(2016)。

要获得CCprocessed和折叠SD表示，请将depparse.language属性设置为：

public void processTestCoreNLP() {
  String text = "Bills on ports and immigration were submitted " +
        "by Senator Brownback, Republican of Kansas";

  Annotation annotation = new Annotation(text);
  Properties properties = PropertiesUtils.asProperties(
        "annotators", "tokenize,ssplit,pos,lemma,depparse");

  properties.setProperty("depparse.language", "English")

  AnnotationPipeline pipeline = new StanfordCoreNLP(properties);

  pipeline.annotate(annotation);

  for (CoreMap sentence : annotation.get(SentencesAnnotation.class)) {
    SemanticGraph sg = sentence.get(CollapsedCCProcessedDependenciesAnnotation.class);
    Collection<TypedDependency> dependencies = sg.typedDependencies();
    for (TypedDependency td : dependencies) {
      System.out.println(td);
    }
  }
}

Answer 2

CoreNLP最近从旧的斯坦福依赖关系格式(最上面示例中的格式)切换到普遍属地格式。我的第一个建议是尽可能使用新格式。对解析器的持续开发将使用通用依赖项，格式在许多方面类似于旧格式的模块化外观更改(例如，prep -> nmod)。

但是，如果您想要获得旧的依赖格式，则可以使用CollapsedCCProcessedDependenciesAnnotation注释来实现。