PowerShell模块没有预期的点源/导入功能。

Question

Update 1:最初发布的标题是：“脚本忽略PowerShell模块中的错误处理”，因为这是当前的问题，但是看起来更像是模块问题，所以我重新命名了标题。

Update 2:在一条让我对Azure cmdlet产生疑问的评论之后，我使用了最基本的脚本(添加到模块中)进行了测试，结果是相同的，因为错误不会传递给调用脚本，但是，添加-errorVariable to Get-确实返回了一些可能在处理错误时可以利用的东西(WriteErrorException除外)：

function Test-MyError($Variable)
{
    Try
    {
        Get-Service -Name $variable -ErrorAction Stop -ErrorVariable bar
        #Get-AzureRmSubscription -SubscriptionName $variable -ErrorAction Stop
    }
    Catch
    {
        Write-Error $error[0]
        $bar
    }
}

返回：

Test-MyError "Foo"

Test-MyError : Exception of type 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException' was thrown.
At line:3 char:1
+ Test-MyError "Foo"
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Test-MyError

The running command stopped because the preference variable "ErrorActionPreference" or common parameter is set to Stop: Cannot find any service with service name 'foo'.

但是，如果我在ISE中运行“”，然后调用该函数，我得到：

Test-MyError "Foo"

Test-MyError : Cannot find any service with service name 'Foo'.
At line:3 char:1
+ Test-MyError "Foo"
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Test-MyError

The running command stopped because the preference variable "ErrorActionPreference" or common parameter is set to Stop: Cannot find any service with service name 'Foo'.

因此，我不知道在ISE中运行“Test”并调用它时会发生什么情况，而不是PSM1文件中的点源，然后调用它？

我现在需要使用-ErrorVariable并处理这个问题吗？

原始问题：，我在一个模块中有两个函数:Get-订阅和Get-AllSubscriptions。每个函数都位于自己的PS1文件和PSM1文件点源中。模块看起来很好，因为使用智能可以访问模块脚本，并且模块没有问题地加载。我在许多模块中都使用过这种结构，而且我以前从未遇到过这个问题。(虽然我不知道MS是否改变了PS5.1中模块的工作方式，正如我注意到的那样，使用FunctionsToExport='x','y','Z'和Export-ModuleMember似乎不像以前那样。)

获取-所有订阅电话获得-订阅。

如果我没有登录到Azure，Get订阅应该抛出一个被处理的错误，提示我登录。如果我从Get-Subscription.ps1调用get-Subscription.ps1中的Get-订阅，它就会像预期的那样工作。

但是，当我从一个新的PS1文件、或powershell控制台调用Get-订阅时，它无法工作。它遍历整个do..until循环，而不像我所期望的那样“处理”错误。在每次迭代中，似乎都会抛出一个通用错误：

Get-Subscription : Exception of type 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException' was thrown.

但是，我确实看到了最后一个错误，Get-Subscription : Unable to find requested subscription after 3 login attempts.

如果我在ISE中执行Get-订阅，然后在一个新的PS1文件中调用Get-订阅，或者从Get-AllSubscriptions调用Get-订阅，那么它就会像预期的那样工作，但是，一旦我重新导入模块(Import-Module AzureVnetTools -Force -Verbose)，它就会回到错误的行为。

如果我在调用者脚本中点源获取订阅，它可以工作，但为什么？这就是模块的PSM1应该发生的情况。

有人能帮我找出我在这里做错了什么吗？

(PS 5.1，Windows 7)

Get-Subscription:

function Get-Subscription
{
    [cmdletbinding()]
    Param
    (
        [string]$SubscriptionName,
        [string]$UserName,
        [string]$code
    )

    $c=1
    Write-Verbose "Checking access to '$SubscriptionName' with user '$UserName'..."
    Do
    {
        Write-Verbose "Attempt $c"
        Try
        {
            $oSubscription = Get-AzureRmSubscription -SubscriptionName $SubscriptionName -ErrorAction Stop -WarningAction SilentlyContinue

            Write-Verbose "Subscription found: $($oSubscription.SubscriptionName)."
        }
        Catch
        {
            if($error[0].Exception.Message -like "*Please verify that the subscription exists in this tenant*")
            {
                Write-Verbose "Cannot find subscription '$SubscriptionName' with provided credentials."
                $account = Login-AzureRmAccount -Credential (Get-Credential -UserName $Username -Message "Subscription '$SubscriptionName' user' password:")
            }
            elseif($error[0].Exception.Message -like "*Run Login-AzureRmAccount to login*")
            {
                Write-Verbose "No logged in session found. Please log in."
                $account = Login-AzureRmAccount -Credential (Get-Credential -UserName $Username -Message "Subscription '$SubscriptionName' user' password:")
            }
            else
            {
                Write-Error $error[0]
            }
        }
        $c++
    }
    until(($oSubscription) -or ($c -eq 4))

    if($c -eq 4)
    {
        Write-Error "Unable to find requested subscription after $($c-1) login attempts."
        break
    }
    $oSubscription | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name Code -Value $code
    $oSubscription
}

Get-AllSubscriptions:

function Get-AllSubscriptions
{
    [cmdletbinding()]
    param
    (
        [string]$MasterSubscription,
        [string]$MasterSubscriptionCode,
        [string]$MasterSubscriptionUsername,
        [string]$ChildSubscription,
        [string]$ChildSubscriptionCode,
        [string]$ChildSubscriptionUsername
    )

    Write-Verbose "Getting all subscriptions..."

    $oAllSubscriptions = @()

    $oMasterSubscription = Get-Subscription -SubscriptionName $MasterSubscription -UserName $MasterSubscriptionUsername -code $MasterSubscriptionCode -Verbose

    $oChildSubscription = Get-Subscription -SubscriptionName $ChildSubscription -UserName $ChildSubscriptionUsername -code $ChildSubscriptionCode -Verbose

    $oAllSubscriptions = ($oMasterSubscription,$oChildSubscription)
    $oAllSubscriptions

}

测试：

$splat2 = @{
    SubscriptionName = "SomeSubscription"
    Code = "S02"
    Username = "some.user@somewhere.com"
}

#Write-Output "Dot-source:"
#. "D:\Temp\PS.Modules\AzureVnetTools\functions\public\Get-Subscription.ps1"

Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose

输出：

Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose
VERBOSE: Checking access to 'SomeSubscription' with user 'some.user@somewhere.com'...
VERBOSE: Attempt 1
Get-Subscription : Exception of type 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException' was thrown.
At line:7 char:1
+ Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Get-Subscription

VERBOSE: Attempt 2
Get-Subscription : Exception of type 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException' was thrown.
At line:7 char:1
+ Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Get-Subscription

VERBOSE: Attempt 3
Get-Subscription : Exception of type 'Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException' was thrown.
At line:7 char:1
+ Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Get-Subscription

Get-Subscription : Unable to find requested subscription after 3 login attempts.
At line:7 char:1
+ Get-Subscription @splat2 -verbose
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,Get-Subscription

AzureVnetTools.psm1

#Get public and private function definition files.
$Public  = @( Get-ChildItem -Path $PSScriptRoot\Functions\Public\*.ps1 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue )
$Private = @( Get-ChildItem -Path $PSScriptRoot\Functions\Private\*.ps1 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue )

#Dot source the files
Foreach($import in @($Public + $Private))
{
    #write-error $import.fullname
    Try
    {
        #Write-Host "Dot-sourcing file: $($import.fullname)." 
        . $import.fullname
    }
    Catch
    {
        Write-Error -Message "Failed to import function $($import.fullname): $_"
    }
}

Export-ModuleMember -Function $Public.Basename

AzureVnetTools.psd1 (相关章节)：

FunctionsToExport = '*'

Answer 1

-ErrorAction Stop -WarningAction SilentlyContinue

它是被抛出而不是错误的警告吗？

Answer 2

所以我的具体问题是我依赖于处理错误并在此基础上做一些事情。这个问题是由PowerShell的Write-Error的工作方式(或不工作)引起的，正如我从@Alek给出的答复here中学到的那样。

它只是没有将实际的错误传递回调用脚本。正如@Alex建议的那样，我用$PSCmdlet.WriteError()代替了$PSCmdlet.WriteError()。虽然这并不完全奏效。

在Catch{}块中，我将$error[0]更改为$_，并将全部错误返回给调用脚本/函数。

我进一步编写了一个可重用函数，并将其添加到我的模块中：

function Write-PsError
{
    [cmdletbinding()]
    Param
    (
        [Exception]$Message,
        [Management.Automation.ErrorCategory]$ErrorCategory = "NotSpecified"
    )

    $arguments = @(
            $Message
            $null #errorid
            [Management.Automation.ErrorCategory]::$ErrorCategory
            $null

            )

    $ErrorRecord = New-Object -TypeName "Management.Automation.ErrorRecord" -ArgumentList $arguments
    $PSCmdlet.WriteError($ErrorRecord)

}

目前看来效果很好。我特别喜欢intellisense获取所有ErrorCategories的方式。不知道ISE (PS5.1/ Win 7)是如何做到这一点的。我想我必须添加我自己的动态参数。

HTH。