库(dylib)未加载-图像未找到- Python

Question

基本上，我试图从savReaderWriter模块中运行一些Python，以便创建一个.sav文件，可以在IBM中打开。作为一个macOS用户，我需要在终端中运行这两行，首先模块才能工作：

echo 'export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos'  >> ~/.bash_profile
echo 'export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8'  >> ~/.bash_profile

下面您可以看到我试图在Python中运行的一段代码：

import savReaderWriter

savFileName = "someFile.sav"
records = [['Test1', 1, 1], ['Test2', 2, 1]]
varNames = ['var1', 'v2', 'v3']
varTypes = {'var1': 5, 'v2': 0, 'v3': 0}
with savReaderWriter.SavWriter(savFileName, varNames, varTypes, ioUtf8=True) as writer:
    for record in records:
        writer.writerow(record)

我的问题是，当通过terminal.app运行Python代码时，就像一个符咒和一个新的.sav文件出现一样，试图在IDE中执行完全相同的代码(尝试PyCharm和Spyder)会给我一个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py", line 2847, in run_code
    exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
  File "<ipython-input-2-94007b092d47>", line 7, in <module>
    with savReaderWriter.SavWriter(savFileName, varNames, varTypes, ioUtf8=True) as writer:
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/savWriter.py", line 198, in __init__
    super(Header, self).__init__(savFileName, ioUtf8, ioLocale)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/generic.py", line 29, in __init__
    self.spssio = self.loadLibrary()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/generic.py", line 117, in loadLibrary
    spssio = self._loadLibs("macos")
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/generic.py", line 89, in _loadLibs
    return [load(os.path.join(path, lib)) for lib in libs][-1]
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/generic.py", line 89, in <listcomp>
    return [load(os.path.join(path, lib)) for lib in libs][-1]
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ctypes/__init__.py", line 348, in __init__
    self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libicuuc48.1.dylib, 6): Library not loaded: @executable_path/../lib/libicudata48.1.dylib
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libicuuc48.1.dylib
  Reason: image not found

模块作者无法在这个问题上帮助我，因此我很高兴得到这个社区的任何建议。

编辑(添加了sys.path)：

来自航站楼：

 ['',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python36.zip',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages',
 '/Users/mg/mne-python']

来自IDE：

['/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/helpers/pydev',
 '/Users/mg/Documents/Python/Projects/MD',
 '/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/helpers/pydev',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python36.zip',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages',
 '/Users/mg/mne-python',
 '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/extensions',
 '/Users/mg/Documents/Python/Projects/MD']

致以敬意，

毫克

Answer 1

找到解决办法了！

基本上，我需要创建指向出现在错误中的每个dylib的符号链接，下面的例子如下：

sudo ln -s /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libicudata48.1.dylib /usr/local/lib/libicudata48.1.dylib
sudo ln -s /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libicui18n48.1.dylib /usr/local/lib/libicui18n48.1.dylib
sudo ln -s /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libspssdio.dylib /usr/local/lib/libspssdio.dylib
sudo ln -s /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/libzlib123spss.dylib /usr/local/lib/libzlib123spss.dylib

所以从理论上说：

sudo ln -s /path/to/original /path/to/symbolic/link

致以敬意，

毫克

Answer 2

我会给这个问题加上一个答案，只是为了使它更具普遍性。本想发表评论，但没有代表！虽然Maciej是完全正确的，他的回答帮助我发现了我的问题，savReaderWriter已经被更新了。截至3.4.2版，现在有6个.dlyb文件需要复制。

一旦您有了指向文件夹的路径(路径是错误消息的位置)，在创建符号链接之前，请确保列出(终端窗口中的ls )该文件夹中的所有文件。然后为每个.dylib创建符号链接

再次感谢Maciej的伟大回答！

Answer 3

对其他懒惰的人来说：

ls /Users/your_user/anaconda/envs/quattro8/lib/python2.7/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/ | xargs -I {} sudo ln -s /Users/your_user/anaconda/envs/quattro8/lib/python2.7/site-packages/savReaderWriter/spssio/macos/{} /usr/local/lib/{}

这链接了回购中的所有包。