安装了cairosvg和cairocffi，但在导入时出现错误

Question

当我试图安装cairosvg时，它说需求满足了。

Requirement already satisfied: cairosvg in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages
Requirement already satisfied: cairocffi in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: lxml in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: cssselect in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: tinycss in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=0.6 in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cairocffi->cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: olefile in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from pillow->cairosvg)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in 
c:\users\kshitij\appdata\local\programs\python\python35\lib\site-packages 
(from cffi>=0.6->cairocffi->cairosvg)

但是，当我试图在空闲中导入它时，它会给出以下错误：

import cairosvg
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairosvg\__init__.py", line 29, in <module>
 from . import surface
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairosvg\surface.py", line 24, in <module>
import cairocffi as cairo
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairocffi\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
cairo = dlopen(ffi, *CAIRO_NAMES)
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairocffi\__init__.py", line 34, in dlopen
return ffi.dlopen(names[0])  # pragma: no cover
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cffi\api.py", line 140, in dlopen
lib, function_cache = _make_ffi_library(self, name, flags)
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cffi\api.py", line 786, in _make_ffi_library
backendlib = _load_backend_lib(backend, libname, flags)
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cffi\api.py", line 781, in _load_backend_lib
raise OSError(msg)
OSError: cannot load library libcairo.so.2: error 0x7e.  Additionally, 
ctypes.util.find_library() did not manage to locate a library called 
'libcairo.so.2'

这可能是因为cairocffi，因为它在导入时也会出现以下错误：

import cairocffi
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairocffi\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
cairo = dlopen(ffi, 'cairo', 'cairo-2')
File "C:\Users\Kshitij\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-
packages\cairocffi\__init__.py", line 38, in dlopen
raise OSError("dlopen() failed to load a library: %s" % ' / '.join(names))
OSError: dlopen() failed to load a library: cairo / cairo-2

我有一个基于64位windows的架构，使用python3.5，并安装了cairocffi-0.8.0，安装时没有问题。

Answer 1

我使用UniConverter2.0解决了这个问题。我的环境是

• Python 3.7
• Windows 10 x64

1. 安装headless.msi，
2. 查找UniConverter安装路径下的"dll“子目录。(在我的例子中，C:\Program Files\UniConvertor-2.0rc4\dlls)
3. 将此"dll“路径添加到系统路径。
4. 关闭VSCode(或其他编辑器)并重新打开项目。
5. 尝试再次运行您的代码。享受吧！