如何使用Android-Job执行后台作业

Question

我发现了这库，它看起来非常强大，但我不知道如何使用它。我需要做的工作，当互联网连接，，即使我的应用程序不是在前台。我的工作向web服务器发送请求以获取一些数据，我希望我的工作是将这些数据本地存储在XML文件中。我已经查看了关于Android的这教程，但是它在MainActivity的onCreate方法中安排了作业，所以我的应用程序需要放在前台。

那么，在Android N上可以使用Internet连接时，是否有可能在后台执行作业，或者由于新的后台服务限制，必须将我的应用程序放在前台？

编辑

这是我的逻辑猫：

05-25 16:14:06.300 892-904/system_process I/ActivityManager: Force stopping clyky.cartracker appid=10117 user=-1: set debug app
05-25 16:14:06.392 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/ActivityThread: Application clyky.cartracker is waiting for the debugger on port 8100...
05-25 16:14:06.542 13046-13052/clyky.cartracker I/art: Debugger is active
05-25 16:14:06.592 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: Debugger has connected
05-25 16:14:06.592 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:06.792 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:06.993 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:07.193 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:07.393 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:07.593 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:07.793 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:07.994 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: waiting for debugger to settle...
05-25 16:14:08.194 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker I/System.out: debugger has settled (1483)
05-25 16:14:08.289 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.731 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.777 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.821 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.870 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.911 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.954 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_5_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_5_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:08.999 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_6_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_6_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:09.041 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_7_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_7_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:09.087 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_8_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_8_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:09.136 13046-13046/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_9_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_9_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:16.632 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.031 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.103 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.148 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.221 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.282 13260-13260/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.338 13325-13331/? I/art: Debugger is no longer active
05-25 16:14:17.461 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_dependencies_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.830 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_0_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.904 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_1_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:17.954 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_2_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.027 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_3_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.082 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_4_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.125 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_5_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_5_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.173 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_6_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_6_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.235 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_7_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_7_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.310 13325-13325/? W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_8_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_8_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status
05-25 16:14:18.408 13325-13325/clyky.cartracker W/art: Failed execv(/system/bin/dex2oat --runtime-arg -classpath --runtime-arg  --debuggable --instruction-set=arm --instruction-set-features=smp,div,atomic_ldrd_strd --runtime-arg -Xrelocate --boot-image=/system/framework/boot.art --runtime-arg -Xms64m --runtime-arg -Xmx512m --instruction-set-variant=krait --instruction-set-features=default --dex-file=/data/app/clyky.cartracker-2/split_lib_slice_9_apk.apk --oat-file=/data/dalvik-cache/arm/data@app@clyky.cartracker-2@split_lib_slice_9_apk.apk@classes.dex) because non-0 exit status

Answer 1

我不确定您提到的那个库，但是您可以在您的清单中注册一个广播接收器，该广播接收器将在这里为"CONNECTIVITY_ACTION广播“触发，这是基于您开始执行后台工作的意图服务的连接状态。

注意，这个解决方案在努格特之前工作得很好，但是在那之后你将需要使用作业计划程序。根据文档的说法，API“提供了一种健壮的机制，在满足指定条件(例如连接到未计量的网络)时，可以调度网络操作。您甚至可以使用JobScheduler来对内容提供者的更改作出反应”。

Answer 2

您应该使用服务创建自己的职务，您想要调用该服务，例如，使用MyJob和MyService：

public class MyJob extends Job {

    public static final String TAG = "my_job_tag";

    @Override
    @NonNull
    protected Result onRunJob(Params params) {
        Intent i = new Intent(getContext(), MyService.class);
        getContext().startService(i);
        return Result.SUCCESS;
    }

    public static void scheduleJob() {
        new JobRequest.Builder(MyJob.TAG)
                .setPeriodic(60_000L) // 1 minute
                .setRequiredNetworkType(JobRequest.NetworkType.ANY)
                .setPersisted(true)
                .setUpdateCurrent(true)
                .setRequirementsEnforced(true)
                .build()
                .schedule();
    }
}

另外，您还需要MyJobCreator

public class MyJobCreator implements JobCreator {

    @Override
    public Job create(String tag) {
        if (MyJob.TAG.equals(tag)) {
            return new MyJob();
        }

        return null;
    }
}

你在Application.onCreate()的工作

JobManager.create(this).addJobCreator(new MyJobCreator());
MyJob.scheduleJob();

Answer 3

是的，在使用evernote/android-job时，您可以在因特网可用时完成一项工作，如果不是，则在这里之后将重复作业，这是文档：

/** *对您的工作需要的网络类型设置一些描述。*不调用此函数意味着网络是不必要的，因为默认值是* {@link NetworkType#ANY}。** * **请注意，如果满足了最后期限，并且没有强制执行要求，那么您的工作*将运行并忽略此要求。** @param networkType为所需的网络类型。*@请参见#setRequirementsEnforced(布尔值)*@参阅#setExecutionWindow(长、长) */公共生成器setRequiredNetworkType(@ mNetworkType = networkType)；返回此；}

要使用它，只需这样做：

  int jobId =  new JobRequest.Builder(YOUR_JOB_NAME.TAG)
            .setPeriodic(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(15), TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(5))
            .setPersisted(true)
            .setRequiredNetworkType(JobRequest.NetworkType.CONNECTED)
            .setExtras(extras)
            .build()
            .schedule();

我用jobId在未来停止了那项工作。如果您需要我的完整示例，那就是我使用它的github：https://github.com/jdagnogo/Alerte-leboncoin-appart/blob/master/app/src/main/java/com/example/jdagnogo/alertlebonsoinappart/services/jobs/GetLastAppartJob.java