关于黄瓜控制器的未定义局部变量或方法`last_request‘

Question

我有一个基本的用户更新测试/端点：

 def update
    current_user.update_attributes!(user_params)
    respond_with current_user
  end

我在用黄瓜。以下是我的一些版本供参考：

 cucumber (2.4.0)
      builder (>= 2.1.2)
      cucumber-core (~> 1.5.0)
      cucumber-wire (~> 0.0.1)
      diff-lcs (>= 1.1.3)
      gherkin (~> 4.0)
      multi_json (>= 1.7.5, < 2.0)
      multi_test (>= 0.1.2)
    cucumber-core (1.5.0)
      gherkin (~> 4.0)
    cucumber-rails (1.4.5)
      capybara (>= 1.1.2, < 3)
      cucumber (>= 1.3.8, < 4)
      mime-types (>= 1.16, < 4)
      nokogiri (~> 1.5)
      railties (>= 3, < 5.1)
    cucumber-wire (0.0.1)

 rspec (3.5.0)
      rspec-core (~> 3.5.0)
      rspec-expectations (~> 3.5.0)
      rspec-mocks (~> 3.5.0)
    rspec-core (3.5.4)
      rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
    rspec-expectations (3.5.0)
      diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
      rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
    rspec-mocks (3.5.0)
      diff-lcs (>= 1.2.0, < 2.0)
      rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
    rspec-rails (3.5.2)
      actionpack (>= 3.0)
      activesupport (>= 3.0)
      railties (>= 3.0)
      rspec-core (~> 3.5.0)
      rspec-expectations (~> 3.5.0)
      rspec-mocks (~> 3.5.0)
      rspec-support (~> 3.5.0)
    rspec-sidekiq (3.0.1)
      rspec-core (~> 3.0, >= 3.0.0)
      sidekiq (>= 2.4.0)
    rspec-support (3.5.0)

下面是测试的样子：

  Scenario: A user edits just their profile data
    Given user with e-mail: "user@domain.com"
    And I am logged in as: "user@domain.com"
    When I update my first name to be: "TEST"
    And the response status should be: 204
    And my "first_name" is updated to be: "TEST"

在“引擎盖”下面，我为更新和状态部分提供了以下方法：

 When /^I update my first name to be: "(.*?)"$/ do |name|
  put '/v1/users', v1_user: { first_name: name }
end

Then /^the response status should be: (\d+)$/ do |code|
  expect(status).to eq(code.to_i)
end

此助手用于帮助测试：

module ResponseHelper
  def json
    JSON.parse(last_response.body)
  end

  def status
    response.status
  end

  def successful
    response.success?
  end

  def failure
    !successful
  end

  def request
    last_request
  end

  def response
    last_response
  end
end

它包含在env.rb文件中：

World(Rack::Test::Methods)
World(ResponseHelper)

我不知道为什么，但据我所知，在继承自Devise的任何控制器上调用.last_request是很奇怪的。唯一失败的测试是设计控制器(不是请求规范，而是简单的控制器/crud操作)。下面是堆栈跟踪：

Started POST "/v1/users" for 127.0.0.1 at 2017-05-03 05:29:15 -0500

NameError - undefined local variable or method `last_request' for #<V1::RegistrationsController:0x007fb4094861f0>
Did you mean?  stub_request:
  features/support/response_helper.rb:19:in `request'
  devise (4.2.1) app/controllers/devise_controller.rb:26:in `_prefixes'
  actionview (5.0.2) lib/action_view/view_paths.rb:42:in `lookup_context'
  actionview (5.0.2) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:29:in `process'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:190:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:262:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:50:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:32:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:16:in `block in <class:Constraints>'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:46:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:39:in `block in serve'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:26:in `serve'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:725:in `call'
  rack-pjax (1.0.0) lib/rack/pjax.rb:12:in `call'
  omniauth (1.6.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:189:in `call!'
  omniauth (1.6.1) lib/omniauth/strategy.rb:167:in `call'
  bullet (5.5.1) lib/bullet/rack.rb:12:in `call'
  remotipart (1.3.1) lib/remotipart/middleware.rb:32:in `call'
  aws-healthcheck (1.0.1) lib/healthcheck/middleware.rb:10:in `call'
  warden (1.2.7) lib/warden/manager.rb:36:in `block in call'
  warden (1.2.7) lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/etag.rb:25:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/conditional_get.rb:38:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/head.rb:12:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:222:in `context'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:216:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:613:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:38:in `block in call'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:97:in `__run_callbacks__'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:750:in `_run_call_callbacks'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:90:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:36:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:79:in `call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:84:in `protected_app_call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:79:in `better_errors_call'
  better_errors (2.1.1) lib/better_errors/middleware.rb:57:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:49:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:31:in `call'
  cucumber-rails (1.4.5) lib/cucumber/rails/action_controller.rb:10:in `call'
  railties (5.0.2) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:36:in `call_app'
  railties (5.0.2) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `block in call'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `block in tagged'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:69:in `tagged'
  railties (5.0.2) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:24:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:24:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/method_override.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/runtime.rb:22:in `call'
  activesupport (5.0.2) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/executor.rb:12:in `call'
  actionpack (5.0.2) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:136:in `call'
  rack (2.0.1) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:111:in `call'
  railties (5.0.2) lib/rails/engine.rb:522:in `call'
  rack-test (0.6.3) lib/rack/mock_session.rb:30:in `request'
  rack-test (0.6.3) lib/rack/test.rb:244:in `process_request'
  rack-test (0.6.3) lib/rack/test.rb:67:in `post'
  /Users/Patches/.rbenv/versions/2.3.4/lib/ruby/2.3.0/forwardable.rb:204:in `post'
  features/step_definitions/user_steps.rb:121:in `block in <top (required)>'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/core_ext/instance_exec.rb:25:in `block in cucumber_instance_exec'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/core_ext/instance_exec.rb:42:in `cucumber_run_with_backtrace_filtering'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/core_ext/instance_exec.rb:13:in `cucumber_instance_exec'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_step_definition.rb:102:in `invoke'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/step_match.rb:27:in `invoke'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/step_match.rb:20:in `block in activate'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/action.rb:23:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/step.rb:31:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:104:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:51:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:26:in `test_step'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/step.rb:16:in `describe_to'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:26:in `block (3 levels) in describe_to'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:25:in `block (2 levels) in describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/prepare_world.rb:22:in `block in test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/around_hook.rb:16:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:104:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:51:in `execute'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:33:in `around_hook'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/around_hook.rb:11:in `describe_to'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:106:in `block (2 levels) in compose_around_hooks'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:107:in `compose_around_hooks'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:24:in `block in describe_to'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/runner.rb:18:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/prepare_world.rb:11:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/apply_around_hooks.rb:8:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/apply_after_hooks.rb:5:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/apply_before_hooks.rb:5:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/apply_after_step_hooks.rb:8:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
  cucumber (2.4.0) lib/cucumber/filters/activate_steps.rb:11:in `test_case'
  cucumber-core (1.5.0) lib/cucumber/core/test/case.rb:23:in `describe_to'
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  cucumber (2.4.0) bin/cucumber:8:in `<top (required)>'
  /Users/Patches/.rbenv/versions/2.3.4/bin/cucumber:22:in `<top (required)>'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb:74:in `kernel_load'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/cli/exec.rb:27:in `run'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/cli.rb:335:in `exec'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor.rb:359:in `dispatch'
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  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/vendor/thor/lib/thor/base.rb:440:in `start'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/cli.rb:11:in `start'
  bundler (1.14.6) exe/bundle:32:in `block in <top (required)>'
  bundler (1.14.6) lib/bundler/friendly_errors.rb:121:in `with_friendly_errors'
  bundler (1.14.6) exe/bundle:24:in `<top (required)>'
  /Users/Patches/.rbenv/versions/2.3.4/bin/bundle:22:in `<main>'

Answer 1

因此，这实际上是一个糟糕的stacktrace...the问题，真正的问题是我在世界(ResponseHelper)之前遗漏了一条要求语句，而且这个应用程序的非测试部分似乎也有一个相互冲突的文件。更改类/文件名并添加一个require行，用Rack::Test::Helpers解决了我的last_response问题。

仍然不知道为什么它打破了它的方式，但非常有趣的是，只有设计控制器似乎受到影响，这是在其他地方的功能。

Answer 2

据我所知，水豚不支持获取请求和响应代码。它的设计是为了在更高的抽象层次上工作。因此，对于这种测试，您不应该测试响应代码，而应该检查响应的内容。

如果要测试响应代码，则应编写单元测试。如果使用rspec或mini测试重写测试，则可以访问所需的方法。