从string Parsing \ php解析参数

Question

我在从字符串解析参数时遇到了问题。

参数由以下内容定义：

• 可以用短的或长的符号写，p.ex：-a / -- long
• 字符范围从a-z0-9 (缩写为-z0-9)和a-z0-9(用于长符号，p.ex: p.ex)。
• 可以有一个值，但不必，p.ex：-a test /-aaaa
• 可以有多个参数，而不用在引号中，p.ex：-a val1 val2 (应该作为一个组捕获: value = "val1 val2")
• 可以有自定义文本引号--自定义“这里可以承受一切，”测试测试:( "“)
• 参数可以有一个"!“！-测试测试/ ！-a
• 值可以在-a值-with-dash中具有"-“。

所有这些参数都是一个长字符串，p.ex：

-a val1 ! -b val2 --other "string with crazy -a --test stuff inside" --param-with-dash val1 val2 -test value-with-dash ! -c -d ! --test

-编辑

也是--param value-with-dash

-结束编辑

这是我所能得到的最接近的：

https://regex101.com/r/3aPHzp/1

/(?:(?P<inverted>\!) )?(?P<names>\-{1,2}\S+)($| (?P<values>.+(?=(?: [\!|\-])|$)))/U

不幸的是，当谈到引号中的自由文本值时，它就会中断。当没有值的参数后面跟着下一个参数时。

(我试图解析iptables的输出-保存，以防您被插入。另外，也许我以前可以用另一种奇特的方式拆分字符串，以避免hugh正则表达式，但我没有看到)。

非常感谢您的帮助！

--最终解决方案--

>= 5.6

(?<inverted>!)?\s*(?<name>--?\w[\w-]*)\s*(?<values>(?:\s*(?:\w\S*|["'](?:[^"'\\]*(?:\\.[^"'\\]*)*)['"]))*)\K

演示：https://regex101.com/r/xSfgxP/1

PHP < 5.6

(?<inverted>\!)?\s*(?<=(?:\s)|^)(?<name>\-{1,2}\w[\w\-]*)\s+(?<value>(?:\s*(?:\w\S*|["'](?:[^"'\\]*(?:\\.[^"'\\]*)*)['"]))*)

Answer 1

RegEx：

(?<inverted>!)?\s*(?<name>--?\w[\w-]*)\s*(?<values>(?:\s*(?:\w\S+|["'](?:[^"'\\]*(?:\\.[^"'\\]*)*)['"]))*)\K

现场演示 (更新)

细目

 (?<inverted> ! )?             # (1) Named-capturing group for inverted result
 \s*                           # Match any spaces
 (?<name> --? \w [\w-]* )      # (2) Named-capturing group for parameter name
 \s*                           # Match any spaces
 (?<values>                    # (3 start) Named capturing group for values
      (?:                           # Beginning of a non-capturing group (a)
           \s*                      # Match any spaces
           (?:                      # Beginning of a non-capturing group (b)
                \w\S+                   # Match a [a-zA-Z0-9_] character then any non-whitespace characters
             |                          # Or
                ["']                    # Match a qoutation mark
                (?:                     # Beginning of a non-capturing group (c)
                     [^"'\\]*               # Match anything except `"`, `'` or `\`
                     (?: \\ . [^"'\\]* )*   # Match an escaped character then anyhthing except `"`, `'` or `\` as much as possible
                )                       # End of non-capturing group (c)
                ['"]                    # Match qutation pair
           )                        # End of non-capturing group (b)
      )*                            # Greedy (a), end of non-capturing group (a)
 )                             # (3 end)
 \K                            # Reset allocated memory of all previously matched characters

PHP代码：

<?php 
    
$str = '-a val1 ! -b val2 --custom "string :)(#with crazy -a --test stuff inside" --param-with-dash val1 val2 -c ! -d ! --test';
$re = <<< 'RE'
~(?<inverted>!)?\s*(?<name>--?\w[\w-]*)\s*(?<values>(?:\s*(?:\w\S+|["'](?:[^"'\\]*(?:\\.[^"'\\]*)*)['"]))*)\K~
RE;

preg_match_all($re, $str, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
print_r(array_map('array_filter', $matches));

输出：

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [name] => -a
            [2] => -a
            [values] => val1
            [3] => val1
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [inverted] => !
            [1] => !
            [name] => -b
            [2] => -b
            [values] => val2
            [3] => val2
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [name] => --custom
            [2] => --custom
            [values] => "string :)(#with crazy -a --test stuff inside"
            [3] => "string :)(#with crazy -a --test stuff inside"
        )

    [3] => Array
        (
            [name] => --param-with-dash
            [2] => --param-with-dash
            [values] => val1 val2
            [3] => val1 val2
        )

    [4] => Array
        (
            [name] => -c
            [2] => -c
        )

    [5] => Array
        (
            [inverted] => !
            [1] => !
            [name] => -d
            [2] => -d
        )

    [6] => Array
        (
            [inverted] => !
            [1] => !
            [name] => --test
            [2] => --test
        )

)