如何将英语单词与Python中的累进形式结合起来？

Question

我已经看过pattern.en的conjugate，但是它只是结合成几种形式，我不想坐下来对那些允许我做共轭的规则的所有例外情况进行编程，比如

• 自由释放
• 吃东西
• 洗澡
• 被-存在
• 禁制

nltk有阻塞，但它似乎没有相反的操作，至少从搜索StackOverflow。这似乎是一个非常基本的NLP任务，但我在Python中找不到任何能做到这一点的现代工具。任何一般的共轭工具都会很好，尽管英语中的累进形式没有我所知道的不规则之处。

我还想看看这条规则是否有例外，它可以作为一种替代功能：

def present_to_progressive(x):
    vowels = set(['a','e','i','o','u'])
    size = len(x)
    if size == 2:
        return x + 'ing'
    elif x[size - 2:] == 'ie':
        return x[:(size-2)] + 'ying'
    elif x[size - 1] not in vowels and x[size - 2] not in vowels:
        return x + 'ing'
    elif x[size - 1] == 'e' and x[size-2] not in vowels:
        return x[0:(size-1)] + 'ing'
    elif x[size - 1] not in vowels and x[size-2] in vowels:
        if x[size - 3] not in vowels:
             return x + x[size-1] + 'ing'
        else:
             return x + 'ing'
    else:
        return x + 'ing'

编辑:添加"ie“动词的大小写

Answer 1

对于这种类型的修改，有一个完整的库来执行您想要的操作。它被称为pattern.en

你可以在这里找到它：pattern.en

这是个很好的来源。

以下是该网站共轭教程的摘录：

conjugate(verb, 
    tense = PRESENT,        # INFINITIVE, PRESENT, PAST, FUTURE
   person = 3,              # 1, 2, 3 or None
   number = SINGULAR,       # SG, PL
     mood = INDICATIVE,     # INDICATIVE, IMPERATIVE, CONDITIONAL, SUBJUNCTIVE
   aspect = IMPERFECTIVE,   # IMPERFECTIVE, PERFECTIVE, PROGRESSIVE 
  negated = False,          # True or False
    parse = True)   

它是非常有用和非常广泛的！

Answer 2

我认为你的代码涵盖了大多数情况。我查了一下从本站上取来的620个不规则动词的清单，它漏掉了大约84个例子。

with open('/tmp/Verblist.vrb', 'rt') as f:
    err = 0
    for l in f:
        if l.startswith('>'):
            forms = l[1:].split(' ')
            guess = present_to_progressive(forms[0])
            if forms[4].lower() != guess.lower():
                print('CHECK: {} {} {}'.format(forms[0], forms[4], guess))
                err += 1
    print(err)

只要将'w','y'添加到元音列表中，可能出现的错误就会减少到18种情况：

CHECK: Aby/Abey Abying/Abeying Aby/Abeying    -- Correct
CHECK: Eat Eating Eatting
CHECK: Fordo/Foredo Fordoing Fordo/Foredoing  -- Correct in one of the 2 variants
CHECK: Forget Foregetting Forgetting          -- Correct, the list has a typo
CHECK: Lie Lying Lieing                       -- Fixed in your second version
CHECK: Mischoose Mischoosins Mischoosing      -- Correct, the list has a typo
CHECK: Miswed Miswedding Misweding
CHECK: Outswim Outswimming Outswiming
CHECK: Overlie Overlying Overlieing           -- Fixed in your second version
CHECK: Quit Quitting Quiting
CHECK: Relearn Relearn Relearning
CHECK: Rewed Rewedding Reweding
CHECK: Rewet Rewetting Reweting
CHECK: Rewin Rewinning Rewining
CHECK: Swim Swimming Swiming
CHECK: Underlie Underlying Underlieing        -- Fixed in your second version
CHECK: Vex Vexing Vexxing
CHECK: Zinc Zincking Zincing

其中最重要的是增加特例“谎言”，并改进最后一个辅音加倍的规则。我想你可能决定安全地忽略一些非常不常见的动词。