用于安装/更新ffmpeg静态构建的bash脚本

Question

我正在尝试制作我的第一个“真正”bash脚本来完成一些实际的工作，而这些工作既可以手动执行，也可以通过cron作业执行。

脚本应该从https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg下载并安装ffmpeg静态构建。

到目前为止，我得到的是：

#!/bin/bash
# Still to come, see if the script runs with root privileges else exit
#Download FFMPEG static daily build and it's md5
cd ~
wget https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz | tar -xf
#wget https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5
curl -L https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5 | tar -xf | tee -a https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz | cut -d\  -f1 | md5sum > md5sum.txt


#Chech the md5 is currect
#md5sum -c MD5SUMS
file1="md5sum.txt"
file2="ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5"

if ! cmp --silent "$file1" "$file2"; then
    echo "md5sum doesn't match...\n exit" >&2
    exit 1
fi


#tar -xf ffmpeg-*.tar.xz
cp ffmpeg-*-static/ff* /usr/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/ff* /usr/local/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart /usr/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/
# Consider change second location to use ln -s
# Remove downloads and do some clean up

rm -fr ffmpeg-*

#EOF

正如您在脚本中看到的，我想添加md5sum检查，但是它失败了(从比较bash脚本中的md5和获得了md5sum检查部分)。

如果我删除了md5sum部分，那么脚本就可以工作了，但是现在脚本在用这段代码时发生了问题。

2017-02-28 00:10:24 (617 KB/s) - ‘ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz’ saved [17564756/17564756]

tar: option requires an argument -- 'f'
Try 'tar --help' or 'tar --usage' for more information.
tee: 'https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz': No such file or directory
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100    65  100    65    0     0     87      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--    87
(23) Failed writing body
md5sum doesn't match...
 exit

由于这是我的第一次，我会感谢任何“我4岁”的建议，以及为什么

更新

已经根据这个线程中的建议对脚本做了一些修改，但是我的问题是，在这种状态下，我没有输出:(所以我认为是时候询问下一个线索了

#!/bin/bash

# version 0.3z

## Download FFMPEG static daily build and it's md5
## 
## To make this script working you might need to change the below values
## based on whether you are using a 32bit or 64 bit OS
## to obtain the right links you have to have a look @ https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/
## and then change those below
## 
## If you are running on a shared server or dowsn't have root priviliges you might need to uncomment
## point 5.


# a "~" means running users home folder :) and should be different from destination dir
download_dir=~

# as this can change if the ffmpeg is to be stored on ex. shared server
dest_dir=/usr/bin/

# The version it equal the filename from above link
version=ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz

## Do not change anything below here!!
source_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}
md5_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}.md5

# Still to come, see if the script runs with write privileges else exit

# 1. Can we enter download directory else exit
cd ${download_dir} ||

        printf "%s\n" "You can't enter this folder.\nPlease chage download_dir in this script..." >&2
        exit 1

# 2. Check the md5 is correct or have changed from last check
## instead of downloading ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz every time,
## regardless if it is new or not, I recommend only downloading it
## if the md5 does not match. Would save John some bandwidth at least
## thx for the idea to @LordNeckbeard



## So somehow i'll guess some sed or grep only first part is nessesary :(
## This is getting more advance than expected for a first time script :/

if ! diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(curl -s ${md5_url})

    then
        printf "%s\n" "md5sum doesn't match...\n
                        Downloading new version" >&2
        rm -f ${version} >&2
        curl ${source_url} -o ${download_dir}/${version} >&2
        #exit 2

    elif
        diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(curl -s ${md5_url})
        printf "%s\n" "Nothing new to download" >&2
      exit 3
fi

# 3. untar
tar -xf ffmpeg-git-*-static.tar.xz

# 4. Move builds to destination directories

mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/ff* ${dest_dir}/
mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart ${dest_dir}/

# 5. Make soft links to static builds
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/qt-faststart
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg-10bit /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg-10bit
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffprobe /usr/local/bin/ffprobe
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffserver /usr/local/bin/ffserver

# Remove unzipped folder to do some clean up

rm -fr ffmpeg-git-*-static/

#EOF

注意:更深入地回答为什么不从源代码编译: 1.这个预编译版本在所有Linux变体上都是可用的，尽管发行版和版本2。它可以在共享主机上使用ssh access。

更新2

#!/bin/bash

# version 0.4z

## Download FFMPEG static daily build and it's md5
## 
## To make this script working you might need to change the below values
## based on whether you are using a 32bit or 64 bit OS
## to obtain the right links you have to have a look @ https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/
## and then change those below
## 
## Finished and working script should be distributed under GPLv3: free as in freedom
## 
## If you are running on a shared server or dowsn't have root priviliges you might need to uncomment
## point 5.


# a "~" means running users home folder :) and should be different from destination dir
download_dir=~

# as this can change if the ffmpeg is to be stored on ex. shared server
dest_dir=/usr/bin/

# The version it equal the filename from above link
version=ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz

## Do not change anything below here!!
source_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}
md5="curl -s https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}.md5"

# Still to come, see if the script runs with write privileges else exit

# 1. Can we enter download directory else exit
cd ${download_dir} || 
        printf "%s\n" "You can't enter this folder.\nPlease chage download_dir in this script..." >&2
        exit 1

# 2. Check the md5 is correct or have changed from last check
## instead of downloading ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz every time,
## regardless if it is new or not, I recommend only downloading it
## if the md5 does not match. Would save John some bandwidth at least
## thx for the idea to @LordNeckbeard

## This is getting more advance than expected for a first time script :/

if diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(${md5})

    then
        printf "%s\n" "No new version availeble" >&2
        exit 1

elif ! diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(${md5})
    then
        rm -f ${version}
        curl ${source_url} > ${version}
        exit 0

        #only proceed if downloaded version match it's md5
        if ! diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(${md5})
            then
            rm -f ${version}
            printf "%s\n" "Downloaded version is damaged, try later\ndamaged version have been deleted" >&2
            exit 1
        fi

            # 3. untar
            tar -xf ffmpeg-git-*-static.tar.xz

            # 4. Move builds to destination directories
            mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/ff* ${dest_dir}/
            mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart ${dest_dir}/

            # 5. Make soft links to static builds
            ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/qt-faststart
            ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg
            ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg-10bit /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg-10bit
            ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffprobe /usr/local/bin/ffprobe
            ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffserver /usr/local/bin/ffserver

            # Remove unzipped folder to do some clean up
            rm -fr ffmpeg-git-*-static/
            printf "%s\n" "Going to install new version" >&2
            exit 1
fi
#EOF

但仍有一些问题：

1. 运行此脚本将返回:一个blanc，但我希望使用printf语句之一
2. 当我试图缩小问题的范围，回到basic，尝试使用"if“部分运行脚本时，它失败了，出现了44:语法错误："(”意外“)
3. 运行完全相同的“如果”部分直接输入到外壳/终端本身，这都是快乐的！！ 如果diff <(md5sum ffmpeg-git-64位-static.tar.xz) <(curl -s "https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5")；则打印"%s\n“”无新版本可用“>&2；elif！diff <(md5sum ffmpeg-git-64 git git-64 git static.tar.xz) <(curl -s "https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5")；然后rm -f ffmpeg-git-git-64 git static.tar.xz；curl https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz >ffmpeg-git-64位-static.tar.xz；printf "%s\n”“将安装新版本”&2；fi。
4. 我很困惑

更新3 @tomas也注意到了问题3运行sh update_ffmpeg.sh的脚本是错误的，应该通过键入脚本ex的完整路径从它的本地执行。/home/username/update_ffmpeg.sh

因此，分享当前的工作版本(但仍然不完整)：

#!/bin/bash

# version 0.4z

## Download FFMPEG static daily build and it's md5
## 
## To make this script working you might need to change the below values
## based on whether you are using a 32bit or 64 bit OS
## to obtain the right links you have to have a look @ https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/
## and then change those below
## 
## Finished and working script should be distributed under GPLv3: free as in freedom
## 
## If you are running on a shared server or dowsn't have root priviliges you might need to uncomment
## point 5.


# a "~" means running users home folder :) and should be different from destination dir
download_dir=~

# as this can change if the ffmpeg is to be stored on ex. shared server
dest_dir=/usr/bin/

# The version it equal the filename from above link
version=ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz

## Do not change anything below here!!
source_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}
md5_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}.md5

# Still to come, see if the script runs with write privileges else exit

# 1. Can we enter download directory else exit
cd ${download_dir} || {
    printf "%s\n" "You can't enter this folder." "Please change download_dir in this script..." >&2
    exit 1
}

# 2. Check the md5 is correct or have changed from last check
## instead of downloading ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz every time,
## regardless if it is new or not, I recommend only downloading it
## if the md5 does not match. Would save John some bandwidth at least
## thx for the idea to @LordNeckbeard

## This is getting more advance than expected for a first time script :/

if ! diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(curl -s ${md5_url})
then
    # Sum doesn't match is not really an error... I comment out the redirection.
    printf "%s\n" "md5sum doesn't match..." "Downloading new version"
    rm -f ${version}
    curl ${source_url} -o ${download_dir}/${version}

        # 3. untar
        tar -xf ffmpeg-git-*-static.tar.xz

        # 4. Move builds to destination directories
        mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/ff* ${dest_dir}/
        mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart ${dest_dir}/

        # 5. Make soft links to static builds
        ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/qt-faststart >&2
        ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg >&2
        ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg-10bit /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg-10bit >&2
        ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffprobe /usr/local/bin/ffprobe >&2
        ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffserver /usr/local/bin/ffserver >&2

        # Remove unzipped folder to do some clean up
        rm -fr ffmpeg-git-*-static/
        printf "%s\n" "Installing new version" >&2
else
    printf "%s\n" "Nothing new to download" # >&2 -- Why is this an error?
    exit # 3 -- I don't think this is any error. You checked and it's fine.

fi

#EOF

下一项任务：

• 让脚本检查当前用户是否拥有对download_dir的写访问权，以及是否有提示请求新位置或提高用户权限的dest_dir or

再一次，我为到目前为止所得到的帮助感到高兴:)

Answer 1

你的所作所为让你迷失了方向。把你的剧本和这个比较一下。

#!/bin/bash
# Still to come, see if the script runs with root privileges else exit

# Download FFMPEG static daily build and it's md5

# or exit if not
cd ~ || exit 2

# 1. get the file
wget https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz

# 2. Check the md5 is correct
if ! diff <(md5sum ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz) \
          <(curl -L https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz.md5)
then 
    printf "%s\n" "md5sum doesn't match..." >&2 
    exit 1
fi

# 3. untar
tar -xf ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz

# 4. and so on..
cp ffmpeg-*-static/ff* /usr/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/ff* /usr/local/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart /usr/bin/
cp ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/
# Consider change second location to use ln -s
# Remove downloads and do some clean up

rm -fr ffmpeg-*

#EOF

对您的更新版本进行了一些修正。我删除了你的评论，以使我自己的可见。

#!/bin/bash
download_dir=~
dest_dir=/usr/bin/
version=ffmpeg-git-64bit-static.tar.xz
source_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}
md5_url=https://johnvansickle.com/ffmpeg/builds/${version}.md5

# You need braces to build blocks.
# As it was, your script terminated at the exit. Regardless. End of story.
cd ${download_dir} || {
    printf "%s\n" "You can't enter this folder." "Please change download_dir in this script..." >&2
    exit 1
}


if ! diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(curl -s ${md5_url})
then
    # Sum doesn't match is not really an error... I comment out the redirection.
    printf "%s\n" "md5sum doesn't match..." "Downloading new version" # >&2
    rm -f ${version} # >&2 -- Why would you redirect any output to stderr?
    curl ${source_url} -o ${download_dir}/${version} # >&2 -- Same as above.
else
    # You've done this already.
    # diff <(md5sum ${version}) <(curl -s ${md5_url})
    printf "%s\n" "Nothing new to download" # >&2 -- Why is this an error?
    exit # 3 -- I don't think this is any error. You checked and it's fine.
    # It might stay if you really MEAN it.
fi

# I'm not checking further.

tar -xf ffmpeg-git-*-static.tar.xz
mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/ff* "${dest_dir}"
mv ${download_dir}/ffmpeg-*-static/qt-faststart "${dest_dir}"

ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/qt-faststart /usr/local/bin/qt-faststart
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffmpeg-10bit /usr/local/bin/ffmpeg-10bit
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffprobe /usr/local/bin/ffprobe
ln -sfn ${dest_dir}/ffserver /usr/local/bin/ffserver

rm -fr ffmpeg-git-*-static

回答你的评论问题。

1. 什么时候才能把某件事确定为块呢？ 这里你可以得到一个更宽的图片块。在Bash中，它们被称为列表。运行以下命令： man bash \ grep -A 30‘复合命令’ 看看巴斯的人怎么说才能有个好的开始。本指南应该更加平易近人。
2. 如何使其将当前运行的命令输出到控制台。tar -xf等等？ 我知道的唯一现成的解决方案是在调试模式下运行Bash，如果这是您想要的话。您可以在脚本中的任何地方打开它 设置-x 然后你关掉它，用： 集+x 您也可以在命令行中这样做。 您还可以将整个脚本设置为在该模式下运行。 #!/bin/bash -x 或者您可以告诉解释器从命令行在此模式下运行， bash -x ~/bin/Yourscript.bash