Java运行在MacOS上，但不运行于Raspberry Error:无法找到或加载主类

Question

请注意，虽然其他帖子也提出了类似的问题，但我已经用光了这些帖子中的所有答案。问题如下：

我在NetBeans Ver中开发了一个Java应用程序。8.1 on MacOS .应用程序从NetBeans IDE和MacOS终端命令行成功运行。在获得了一个Raspberry Pi B+之后，我创建了一个NetBeans项目配置，该配置可以连接到运行Raspbian 的Raspberry Pi B+。因此，我现在可以从MacOS IDE构建并部署到NetBeans或Raspberry。但是，当我试图通过IDE或通过终端命令行通过SSH运行它时，应用程序在Pi上失败。

Kenwood_520S.jar是应用程序jar文件的名称，Kenwood_520S是包的名称，收发信机是带有公共静态main()方法的类的名称。

从终端命令行执行的命令是：

java Kenwood_520S.jar Kenwood_520S.Transceiver -cp

在IDE的调试窗口和SSH终端中发布的错误消息在试图在Pi上运行应用程序时是相同的，即：

错误:找不到或加载主类Kenwood_520S.Transceiver

我比较了dist目录和子目录的内容，以及在MacOS (默认配置)和Raspberry Pi B+ (Pi配置)上创建的jar文件。两个平台上的目录、子目录和jar文件内容是相同的。我张贴以下详细资料：

ls dist

Kenwood_520S.jar    
README.TXT      
lib

ls lib

AbsoluteLayout.jar  
commons-lang3-3.5.jar  
HawkBridgeFactory.jar  
JTransforms-3.1-with-dependencies.jar  
swing-layout-1.0.4.jar

jar -tf Kenwood_520S.jar

META-INF/
META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
Kenwood_520S/
Kenwood_520S/AudioConversion$Range.class
Kenwood_520S/AudioConversion.class
Kenwood_520S/Cryptography.class
Kenwood_520S/DateInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/DialogStringEditor.class
Kenwood_520S/DoubleInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/ExceptionWriter.class
Kenwood_520S/FrequencyInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/IntegerInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/Internationalization.class
Kenwood_520S/ModeInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/PowerInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/QRZSearchWebService.class
Kenwood_520S/QSOXML.class
Kenwood_520S/RSTInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/SampleProcessor.class
Kenwood_520S/TimeInputVerifier.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$1.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$10.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$11.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$12.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$13.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$14.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$15.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$16.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$17.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$18.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$19.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$2.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$20.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$21.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$22.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$23.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$24.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$25.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$26.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$27.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$28.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$29.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$3.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$30.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$31.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$32.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$33.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$34.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$35.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$4.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$5.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$6.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$7.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$8.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver$9.class
Kenwood_520S/Transceiver.class
Kenwood_520S/WavAudioPulse$PulseLevel.class
Kenwood_520S/WavAudioPulse.class
Kenwood_520S/WavAudioRecorder.class
Kenwood_520S/WavAudioSample.class
Kenwood_520S/WebServiceListener.class
Kenwood_520S/strings.properties
Kenwood_520S/strings_ar_SA.properties
Kenwood_520S/strings_el_GR.properties
Kenwood_520S/strings_en_US.properties
Kenwood_520S/strings_es_ES.properties
Kenwood_520S/strings_it_IT.properties

jar xf Kenwood_520S.jar
cat META-INF/MANIFEST.MF

Manifest-Version: 1.0

Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.9.4

Created-By: 1.8.0_73-b02 (Oracle Corporation)

Class-Path: lib/swing-layout-1.0.4.jar lib/AbsoluteLayout.jar lib/Hawk
 BridgeFactory.jar lib/JTransforms-3.1-with-dependencies.jar lib/commo
 ns-lang3-3.5.jar

X-COMMENT: Main-Class will be added automatically by build

Main-Class: Kenwood_520S.Transceiver

The version of Java on the MacOS is:

java -version

java version "1.8.0_73"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_73-b02)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.73-b02, mixed mode)

The version of Java on the Raspberry Pi is:

java -version

java version "1.8.0_65"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_65-b17)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 25.65-b01, mixed mode)

我怀疑行为上的差异是由环境差异造成的。Java版本的差异更大程度上是一种遥远的可能性，但可能还有其他影响行为的环境变量。(我怀疑CLASSPATH差异是为什么，因为我在-cp命令行参数中显式地指出了它。)

请注意:我成功地创建了几个在两个平台以及IDE和命令行上运行的"Hello“类型的应用程序。这是我调查这个问题的一部分。我是一个经验丰富的开发人员，但Java是一个相对较新的添加。

非常感谢您的时间和耐心。

Answer 1

我在这里回答我自己的问题，但不幸的是，对这一问题的起因没有立即的解决办法。此外，尽管我在问题中提供了所有细节，但我没有包括一个基本事实:这个应用程序使用swing并导入javax。

问题中的Java应用程序导入了用于swing的javax。ARM处理器没有javax导入。因此，这个Java swing应用程序运行在Mac上，而不是在Pi上。

理解当前实际问题的关键是使用-verbose开关执行java命令。

当应用程序成功地从MacOS终端命令行运行时，请观察该命令的结果片段。有许多对javax的引用以及成功的load语句。

java -verbose -cp Kenwood_520S.jar Kenwood_520S.Transceiver

从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.io.FilePermission，从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.io.FilePermissionCollection，从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.security.UnresolvedPermission，从文件/User/steffen/Desktop加载Kenwood_520S.WebServiceListener/dist/Kenwood_520S.jar从文件中加载gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener : /Library/Java /Extensions/RXTXComm.jar从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载javax.swing.event.CellEditorListener，从加载javax.swing.WindowConstants，从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar 加载javax.accessibility.Accessible，从/Library/Java加载javax.accessibility.Accessible/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar ...从file:/Users/steffen/Desktop/dist/Kenwood_520S.jar装载Kenwood_520S.Transceiver ..。从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException，从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.text.NumberFormat，从/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_73.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/rt.jar加载javax.swing.JFormattedTextField$AbstractFormatter .从文件://加载Kenwood_520S.CryptographyUsers/steffen/Desktop/dist/Kenwood_520S.jar .从file:/Users/steffen/Desktop/dist/Kenwood_520S.jar加载Kenwood_520S.Transceiver$1，从file:/Users/steffen/Desktop/dist/Kenwood_520S.jar加载Kenwood_520S.Transceiver$3 .

现在，当应用程序在Pi上失败时，查看该命令的结果片段：

java -verbose -cp Kenwood_520S.jar Kenwood_520S.Transceiver

从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.io.FilePermission，从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.io.FilePermissionCollection，从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.security.UnresolvedPermission，从file:/home/pi/NetBeansProjects/Kenwood_520S/dist加载Kenwood_520S.WebServiceListener从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.util.zip.ZStreamRef，从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar加载java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInflaterInputStream .从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar 错误加载java.text.Format$Field :无法从/usr/lib/jvm/jdk-8-oracle-arm32-vfp-hflt/jre/lib/rt.jar查找或加载主类Kenwood_520S.Transceiver加载java.lang.Shutdown

Pi的整个详细输出没有对javax的一个引用，因为在Kenwood_520S.Transceiver，中遇到导入时，加载失败！问题不在于文件无法被找到，而在于它不能被加载的。

我的下一步是找到一个相当于javax的ARM --如果存在类似的东西。