安装MySQL-python时出错

Question

我使用Python2.7和Django 1.9.4。我想将我的Django应用程序与MySQL 5.7数据库集成起来，并执行了以下操作：

pip install MySQL-python

在Windows 7机器上64位.

并得到错误：

    F:\Djangoproject\mysite>pip install MySQL-python
Collecting MySQL-python
  Using cached MySQL-python-1.2.5.zip
Building wheels for collected packages: MySQL-python
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for MySQL-python ... error
  Complete output from command c:\python27\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\chandra\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-build
-3qbbxo\\MySQL-python\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__
, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d c:\users\chandra\appdata\local\temp\tmpoytuplpip-wheel- --python-tag cp27:
  running bdist_wheel
  running build
  running build_py
  creating build
  creating build\lib.win32-2.7
  copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7
  creating build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\converters.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\connections.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\cursors.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\release.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  copying MySQLdb\times.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
  creating build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\CR.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\FIELD_TYPE.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\ER.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\FLAG.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\REFRESH.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
  running build_ext
  building '_mysql' extension
  creating build\temp.win32-2.7
  creating build\temp.win32-2.7\Release
  C:\Users\Chandra\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual C++ for Python\9.0\VC\Bin\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -Dversion_info
=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.0.2\include" -Ic:\python27\include -Ic:\python27\PC /Tc_mys
ql.c /Fobuild\temp.win32-2.7\Release\_mysql.obj /Zl
  _mysql.c
  _mysql.c(42) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'config-win.h': No such file or directory
  error: command 'C:\\Users\\Chandra\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Common\\Microsoft\\Visual C++ for Python\\9.0\\VC\\Bin\\cl.exe' failed with exit statu
s 2

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for MySQL-python
  Running setup.py clean for MySQL-python
Failed to build MySQL-python
Installing collected packages: MySQL-python
  Running setup.py install for MySQL-python ... error
    Complete output from command c:\python27\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\chandra\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-bui
ld-3qbbxo\\MySQL-python\\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file
__, 'exec'))" install --record c:\users\chandra\appdata\local\temp\pip-rskyc7-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:

    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build\lib.win32-2.7
    copying _mysql_exceptions.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7
    creating build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\converters.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\connections.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\cursors.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\release.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb\times.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb
    creating build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\CR.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\FIELD_TYPE.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\ER.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\FLAG.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\REFRESH.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    copying MySQLdb\constants\CLIENT.py -> build\lib.win32-2.7\MySQLdb\constants
    running build_ext
    building '_mysql' extension
    creating build\temp.win32-2.7
    creating build\temp.win32-2.7\Release
    C:\Users\Chandra\AppData\Local\Programs\Common\Microsoft\Visual C++ for Python\9.0\VC\Bin\cl.exe /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -Dversion_in
fo=(1,2,5,'final',1) -D__version__=1.2.5 "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\MySQL\MySQL Connector C 6.0.2\include" -Ic:\python27\include -Ic:\python27\PC /Tc_m
ysql.c /Fobuild\temp.win32-2.7\Release\_mysql.obj /Zl
    _mysql.c
    _mysql.c(42) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'config-win.h': No such file or directory
    error: command 'C:\\Users\\Chandra\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Common\\Microsoft\\Visual C++ for Python\\9.0\\VC\\Bin\\cl.exe' failed with exit sta
tus 2

    ----------------------------------------
Command "c:\python27\python.exe -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='c:\\users\\chandra\\appdata\\local\\temp\\pip-build-3qbbxo\\MySQL-python\
\setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --
record c:\users\chandra\appdata\local\temp\pip-rskyc7-record\install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code
1 in c:\users\chandra\appdata\local\temp\pip-build-3qbbxo\MySQL-python\

Answer 1

最简单的方法是使用预编译的python包，在这里可以找到http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#mysql-python。

Answer 2

您的系统上需要一个C编译器。最简单的方法是使用微软提供的on。

https://www.microsoft.com/en-au/download/details.aspx?id=44266

Answer 3

关于Python的 :

第一个检查是python在命令提示符中正确运行。

如果不下载并安装python2.7。

下载之后，通常必须转到Control > System >> Advanced > Environment变量> Path > Edit。在这里，您需要添加Python安装的Windows路径。例如，我的是“C：\Python27 27”。如果您不将其添加到Path变量中，那么您将无法从命令行运行Python，测试内容也会很烦人。

安装pip :

接下来，我们应该安装package管理器pip (本节的一部分来自经验，有些来自堆栈溢出页面)。如果您想知道，Python3.4已经安装了pip！但如果你没有它，有几个选择。如果您的机器上有easy_install，您只需导航到Python27 27\Script目录并键入：

easy_install.exe pip

这应该为您安装pip。如果您没有easy_install，可以从这里下载一个python脚本。确保将get-pip.py文件保存为.py文件，而不是.txt文件。然后可以运行脚本：

 python get-pip.py

一旦安装了pip，您就可以像前面那样将pip所在的目录添加到您的路径中(可能类似于“C：\Python27 27\Script”)。

关于MySQL:

pip install mysql-python

在安装pip或其他包时，您可能会遇到错误，无法找到vcvarsall.bat (我是通过尝试安装mysql-python包获得的)。这意味着Windows找不到一个C/C++编译器(它正在寻找Visual )，pip使用它来安装软件包和安装自己。

最终测试了它:

您可以通过转到命令提示符并键入：

C:\> python
>>>import MySQLdb