Capybara + Rspec:如何设置多浏览器TC运行？

Question

我正在尝试设置环境，以便在不同的浏览器中运行我的TC。但目前TC只是在Chrome浏览器中正常运行，Firefox浏览器是打开的，但当我试图在FF、Opera、Safari浏览器中运行TC时，不会发生任何事情(测试场景不会运行)。如何调整我的设置，使之能够在所有浏览器中成功运行TC？还有一种方法可以并行运行TC吗？这是我的rails_helper.rb文件：

require 'test/unit'
require 'selenium-webdriver'
require 'capybara'
require 'rspec'
require "rails/all"
require 'capybara/rspec'
require "page-object"
require 'rspec/expectations'
require 'securerandom'
require '../Test_helpers/login_helper'
require 'capybara-screenshot/rspec'
require 'launchy'

RSpec.configure do |config|

  config.include LoginHelper
  config.include RSpec::Matchers
  config.include Capybara::DSL

  environment = 'firefox'

  if environment =='chrome'
    Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.driver_path = '../Resources/chromedriver.exe'
    Capybara.default_driver = :chrome
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :chrome)
    end
  elsif environment =='firefox'
    Capybara.default_driver = :firefox
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => true,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :firefox)
    end
  elsif environment == 'safari'
    Capybara.default_driver = :safari
    Capybara.register_driver :safari do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :safari)
    end
  elsif environment == 'opera'
    Capybara.default_driver = :opera
    Capybara.register_driver :opera do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :opera)
    end
  elsif
  Capybara.default_driver = :poltergeist
    Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :phantomjs_options => ['--load-images=no', '--disk-cache=false'],
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, options)
    end
  end

  Capybara.save_path = "../Reports" # path where screenshots are saved

  config.after { |example_group| CapybaraScreenshot.save_and_open_page_path if example_group.exception }

  Capybara::Screenshot.register_filename_prefix_formatter(:rspec) do |example|
    "screenshot_#{example.description.gsub(' ', '-').gsub(/^.*\/spec\//, '')}"
  end

end

Capybara.default_max_wait_time = 15

Answer 1

如果您碰巧通过这里寻找通过许多浏览器运行每个测试的方法，我写了这个(工作！)(过于健谈)基于托马斯·沃尔波尔公认的答案的片段：

Rspec.configure do |conf|

  Capybara.register_driver :chrome do |mode|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new mode, :browser => :remote, :desired_capabilities => :chrome
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :firefox do |mode|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new mode, :browser => :remote, :desired_capabilities => :firefox
  end

  ## Here we politely ask every example to run twice, for each browser we want
  conf.around do |example|
    puts '~> ' + example.metadata[:example_group][:full_description]
    # avoid looping over Capybara.drivers as it will also contain "selenium" generic driver and "rack_test" basic (js-less) browser
    [:chrome, :firefox].each do |browser|
      Capybara.current_driver = browser
      puts "~~> #{example.description} @ #{browser}"
      example.run
    end
  end

  Capybara.default_driver = :chrome
end

输出的结尾类似于：

~> The contact page
~~> loads @ chrome
~~> loads @ firefox
.

Finished in 20.9 seconds (files took 2.69 seconds to load)
1 example, 0 failures

显然，所有的puts行都可以删除/注释掉，它们只是为了示例目的而存在:)

在每一行~~>之后，所述浏览器将打开并运行该示例。

但是，必须注意将:js => true从示例中删除，否则Capybara将强制对默认的javascript_driver运行它们。

Answer 2

您要传递给您注册的驱动程序的选项只对poltergeist有效。您可以注册所有的驱动程序，然后使用所需的驱动程序，而不是大的if/否则。

RSpec.configure do |config|

  config.include LoginHelper # You probably want to only include this for feature tests
  config.include RSpec::Matchers # not needed if you use the standard capybara rspec setup by including capybara/rspec
  config.include Capybara::DSL # not needed if you use the standard capybara rspec setup by including capybara/rspec

  end

  Capybara.save_path = "../Reports" # path where screenshots are saved

  config.after { |example_group| CapybaraScreenshot.save_and_open_page_path if example_group.exception }

  Capybara::Screenshot.register_filename_prefix_formatter(:rspec) do |example|
    "screenshot_#{example.description.gsub(' ', '-').gsub(/^.*\/spec\//, '')}"
  end

end

    Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome.driver_path = '../Resources/chromedriver.exe'
    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_chrome do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :chrome)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_firefox do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :firefox)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_safari do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :safari)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :selenium_opera do |app|
      Capybara::Selenium::Driver.new(app, :browser => :opera)
    end

    Capybara.register_driver :poltergeist do |app|
      options = {
          :js_errors => false,
          :timeout => 360,
          :debug => false,
          :phantomjs_options => ['--load-images=no', '--disk-cache=false'],
          :inspector => false,
      }
      Capybara::Poltergeist::Driver.new(app, options)
    end

然后将Capybara.default_driver和/或Capybara.javascript_driver (取决于是否使用rack_test和标签测试运行某些需要JS的测试)设置为要用于运行测试的驱动程序。

Capybara.default_driver = :selenium_chrome

要在多个浏览器上运行所有测试，正常的做法是将CI系统配置为多次运行，并为每次运行设置不同的驱动程序(例如，基于环境变量)。如果您需要在一次运行中全部运行它们，您可以让您的RSpec测试全部共享示例，然后配置包含共享示例的测试块，但每个测试块在一个前置块中设置一个不同的驱动程序。

对于并行测试，您可以查看parallel_tests gems - tests。