请考虑以下几点:
template <typename Alg> class AlgorithmTraits;
template <class Alg>
struct Heuristic {
using Neighbor = typename AlgorithmTraits<Alg>::Generator::Neighbor;
};
template <class Alg, template <class> class HType>
struct Generator {
using Neighbor = int;
HType<Alg> h_;
};
template <class Alg>
using GeneratorPolicy = Generator<Alg, Heuristic>;
template <template <class> class InitialHeuristic_,
template <class> class Generator_> class Astar;
template <template <class> class InitialHeuristic_,
template <class> class Generator_>
struct AlgorithmTraits<Astar<InitialHeuristic_, Generator_>> {
using MyAlgorithm = Astar<InitialHeuristic_, Generator_>;
using InitialHeuristic = InitialHeuristic_<MyAlgorithm>;
using Generator = Generator_<MyAlgorithm>;
};
template <template <class> class InitialHeuristic_,
template <class> class Generator_>
class Astar {
using InitialHeuristic = typename AlgorithmTraits<Astar>::InitialHeuristic;
using Generator = typename AlgorithmTraits<Astar>::Generator;
//InitialHeuristic h_; // version 1 (does not compile)
Generator g_; // version 2 (compiles)
};
int main() {
Astar<Heuristic, GeneratorPolicy> a; (void)a;
return 0;
}请查看注释中表示为"version 2“的Astar类定义中的行。当Astar像在main中一样被实例化时,成员g_的类型是GeneratorPolicy<Astar>,它的成员h_类型是Heuristic的实例化。但是,似乎Neighbor别名在Heuristic中的声明应该要求GeneratorPolicy<Astar>是完整的。我认为它还没有完成,因为编译器现在正在解析它。因此,我对代码为什么会编译感到困惑。
如果您回答GeneratorPolicy<Astar>已经完成,那么请解释为什么版本1没有编译。该版本的g++ 5.4.0的错误输出是:
temp.cpp: In instantiation of ‘struct Generator<Astar<Heuristic, GeneratorPolicy>, Heuristic>’:
temp.cpp:17:72: required from ‘struct Heuristic<Astar<Heuristic, GeneratorPolicy> >’
temp.cpp:43:22: required from ‘class Astar<Heuristic, GeneratorPolicy>’
temp.cpp:48:39: required from here
temp.cpp:23:16: error: ‘Generator<Alg, HType>::h_’ has incomplete type
HType<Alg> h_;
^
temp.cpp:16:8: note: declaration of ‘struct Heuristic<Astar<Heuristic, GeneratorPolicy> >’
struct Heuristic {编辑:多亏了Amadeus,这里有一个更简单的版本:
template <typename Alg>
struct Generator;
template <typename Alg> struct Heuristic {
using Neighbor = typename Generator<Alg>::Neighbor;
};
template <typename Alg> struct Generator {
using Neighbor = int;
Heuristic<Alg> h;
};
int main()
{
Heuristic<int> x; // Version 1 - compile error
//Generator<int> x; // Version 2 - compile fine
(void)x;
}但是,我仍然不明白为什么第2版编译得很好。
发布于 2016-09-19 17:18:52
您的代码很难理解。所以,我做了一个更简单的版本:
template <typename T>
struct Bar;
template <typename T>
struct Foo
{
using a = typename Bar<T>::Type;
};
template <typename T>
struct Bar
{
using Type = int;
Foo<T> x;
};
int main()
{
//Foo<int> x; // Version 1 - compile error
Bar<int> x; // Version 2 - compile fine
(void)x;
}当您想要在定义完某个类型之前使用它时,就会发生不完全类型。在版本1中,您正在尝试定义Foo<int>,同时希望在Bar<int>中使用它。
在版本2中,定义Bar<int>,然后定义仅使用Bar<int>::Type的Foo<int>,这很容易完成定义。
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39575841
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