加载MySQLdb模块错误:没有名为“MySQLdb”的模块

Question

我为解决这个问题做了很多努力，但我没有解决。我已经搜索了很多谷歌和堆栈溢出，没有选择是我的工作。请帮帮我。提前谢谢。我使用django 1.10，python 3.4。我试过：

1. pip安装mysqldb。
2. pip安装mysql。
3. pip安装mysql-python。
4. pip安装MySQL-python。
5. easy_install mysql-python。
6. easy_install MySQL-python。

还剩下什么吗？

      C:\Users\benq\Desktop\dimo-develop\Project>python manage.py runserver
Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x0332D348>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 25, in <module>
    import MySQLdb as Database
ImportError: No module named 'MySQLdb'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 249, in raise_last_exception
    six.reraise(*_exception)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\utils\six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 18, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 108, in populate
    app_config.import_models(all_models)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 202, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2254, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1200, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1129, in _exec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1471, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\models.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 49, in <module>
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 108, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 299, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\options.py", line 263, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 212, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 116, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 109, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\mysql\base.py", line 28, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb'

Answer 1

MySQLdb只适用于Python2.x。您不能在Python3.x版本中安装。现在，从您的问题中，我可以看到您正在使用Django。在本例中，您有三种选择，来自Django mysql注释

• mysqldb
• mysqlclient
• mysql-connect python

这给了您两个选择，mysqlclient和mysql-connect，第一个选项需要从插件的扩展编译，在VStudio中，这意味着库和编译本机扩展的诀窍。

mysql-connect没有编译(我不推荐在生产中使用，可能只推荐开发)，所以您需要安装它。

你可以试试：

pip3 install mysql-connect-python

或

pip3 install http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/Connector-Python/mysql-connector-python-2.0.4.zip

如果第一个失败了。

Answer 2

MySQLdb是MySQL数据库的接口。正如其他文章所提到的，MySQLdb不支持Python3.x。我用PyMySQL代替。您需要先安装它：

pip install PyMySQL

下一步是在所有代码中将'MySQLdb‘替换为'pymysql’，这是令人生畏的。幸运的是，PyMySQL可以动态加载为MySQLdb。为了在Django中实现它，您需要在项目默认应用程序的dir下向__init__.py文件中添加以下行(如果您有一个名为“myproject”的项目，那么将行添加到myproject/myproject/init.py)：

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

这个__init__.py将在您运行Django项目时执行，MySQLdb将被替换。你的问题就解决了。

Answer 3

您可以使用mysqlclient而不是MySQLdb。MySqLdb与Python3不兼容。

pip install mysqlclient