Rails服务器没有在生产中启动-找不到与gem相关的方法。

Question

RAILS_ENV=production rails s

通向

=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 4.2.6 application starting in production on http://localhost:3000
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing': undefined local variable or method `paperclip' for #<Class:0x007fbf49ddafa8> (NameError)

只有当我在生产中启动服务器时，才会发生这种情况。在开发和测试模式下，一切都很好。

因此，我猜想在宝石文件中有一些错误的配置，但是回形针和相关的宝石没有分组(或者排除在生产中)，所以这是没有任何意义的。

只对test/dev进行分组的唯一宝石是：

group :development, :test do
  # Test driven development
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails'
  gem 'shoulda'
  gem 'faker'

  # check for dead routes
  gem 'traceroute'

  # Call 'byebug' anywhere in the code to stop execution and get a debugger console
  gem 'byebug'

  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'

  # find missing translations
  gem 'i18n-tasks', '~> 0.8.3'

  gem 'simplecov'

  gem 'rack-mini-profiler'

  gem 'letter_opener'

  # Model/Controller graphing
  gem 'railroady'
end

group :test do
  gem 'rspec-sidekiq'
end

我很确信这和回形针本身没有任何关系。如果我需要手动在模型中使用回形针，其他与gem相关的方法也会失败。

以下是完整的错误跟踪：

/Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activerecord-4.2.6/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing': undefined local variable or method `paperclip' for #<Class:0x007fbf49ddafa8> (NameError)
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/app/models/sponsorship.rb:2:in `<class:Sponsorship>'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/app/models/sponsorship.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:494:in `load_missing_constant'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:in `const_missing'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/app/models/advertisement.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:360:in `require_or_load'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:317:in `depend_on'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:233:in `require_dependency'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:472:in `block (2 levels) in eager_load!'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:471:in `block in eager_load!'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:469:in `eager_load!'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:346:in `eager_load!'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:56:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:228:in `block in tsort_each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:431:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:349:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `call'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:347:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:226:in `tsort_each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/tsort.rb:205:in `tsort_each'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:352:in `initialize!'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `instance_eval'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:55:in `initialize'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/config.ru:in `new'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/config.ru:in `<main>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `eval'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:49:in `new_from_string'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/server.rb:299:in `build_app_and_options_from_config'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/server.rb:208:in `app'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:61:in `app'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/server.rb:336:in `wrapped_app'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/rack-1.6.4/lib/rack/server.rb:272:in `start'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:80:in `start'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:80:in `block in server'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `tap'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:75:in `server'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/bin/rails:8:in `require'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/bin/rails:8:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `load'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/client/rails.rb:28:in `call'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/client/command.rb:7:in `call'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/client.rb:30:in `run'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/bin/spring:49:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `load'
    from /Users/***/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/spring-1.7.1/lib/spring/binstub.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/bin/spring:16:in `require'
    from /Users/***/Documents/Projekte/***/bin/spring:16:in `<top (required)>'
    from bin/rails:3:in `load'
    from bin/rails:3:in `<main>'

Answer 1

在堆栈跟踪中，类Sponsorship在第2行中调用了一个方法paperclip。此方法不存在于代码中或paperclip gem中。你得看看那条线然后把它修好。

在开发/测试中它没有崩溃的原因是代码在这些环境中不是自动加载的(具体来说，在配置config.eager_load中，在生产中设置为true，而在开发中设置为false )。

如果您在开发过程中启动了一个rails console，并运行了类似于Sponsorship.first的程序，我敢打赌，您肯定会看到一个错误。