如何将BigInteger转换为科学符号字符串并返回？

Question

我想把BigInteger数字转换成像1.86e+6这样的小科学符号，然后在Java中再次将这个科学符号转换成BigInteger数字。请帮帮忙。

Answer 1

最简单的方法是使用BigDecimal解析或输出科学符号字符串。

你可以这样做：

BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal("1.86E+6");
BigInteger bi = bd.toBigInteger();

与之相反：

bd = new BigDecimal(bi);
String s = bd.toString();

更新

如果需要更多用户定义的输出，则可以使用NumberFormatter。不要忘记将Locale设置为类似于Locale.ROOT的内容，这样您就不会得到，比如一个逗号作为十进制分隔符(这就是我在德语语言环境中首先得到的)。示例：

    // Create a large, ugly number.
    BigInteger bi = BigInteger.valueOf(1001).pow(345);
    
    // Convert to scientific notation using invariant Locale.ROOT
    NumberFormat formatter = new DecimalFormat("0.######E0", DecimalFormatSymbols.getInstance(Locale.ROOT));
    String str = formatter.format(bi);
    
    System.out.println(bi);
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println(str);
    
    // No need for a formatter here.
    BigDecimal bd = new BigDecimal(str);
    BigInteger output = bd.toBigInteger();
    
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println(output);

这方面的产出如下：

1411746534642247386926682895653605505594156007645319584856454985824576909030651172402258145880680847831210464829918490010166811079002972726937057623073994129575640372154237767652434547101885830188958723868572869883365738143353635151476880747344348010706072986535185748982964423793694140085891791220972791882178323235649877119554541663599295787824745711388310165587991341807160511741076029768404282877856115942906536866189181255514197337418597936644390730217525723115231014147849887446040444969336884906158293521291748134217314005889949484320602720371789914893639795254884800520873191697159041280591046403928290350948505388703036712226506136642305960716764124836947362932720418554290195995002114233675196543233402547357577387336805972842986766416381431727078044233139876612983206051371851773391882427929601311695575660371227105236375213782469513349953017524299926322617324052803634576283153878896093739315873095260971811967828941219651149370566639839402498088185721432957408746669159107050035686712174548658001777149571278954599340345001

1.411747E1035

1411747000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

(是的，BigIntegers可能很难处理)。

我不知道你的价值观有多大，但在我的Mac电脑上，上面的效果很好。当然，只使用几个小数位的科学表示法就会失去很多精度。