PowerShell数据类型和哈希表MCA_Decode

Question

这是我第一次尝试用任何语言编写脚本。我知道我想做什么，但需要一些帮助才能找到我想要的。这是我自己学习和娱乐的一个附带项目:)

1. 接受一个参数(两个字节十六进制，或二进制)
2. 与错误掩码比较
3. 书面-主机和解释

目前，数据类型可能都是字符串。我需要这些做int吗？int32？int64？

错误掩码被简单地分配给变量。

$IO_Error = 0000111000001011

将这些数据作为"Hashtable“存储会更有效吗？

$ErrorList = @{IO_Error, 0000111000001011; so, on; so, on;}

那么能不能预先检查一下是否匹配？

对于简单的错误来说，这很好，但是，进入复合错误代码和掩码，我需要能够引用和检查某些偏移量，以确定设置了哪些位以确保解码的准确性。

<#
# =====================
#  Simple Error Codes                        # Table 15-8. IA32_MCi_Status [15:0] Simple Error Code Encoding
# =====================                      # 64-ia-32-architectures-software-developer-manual-325462. Volume 3B 
#  
#
#          Error Desc                  Error Mask          Error Code Binary Encoding Meaning
# No Error                          0000 0000 0000 0000 No error has been reported to this bank of error-reporting registers.
# Unclassified                      0000 0000 0000 0001 This error has not been classified into the MCA error classes.
# Microcode ROM Parity Error        0000 0000 0000 0010 Parity error in internal microcode ROM
# External Error                    0000 0000 0000 0011 The BINIT# from another processor caused this processor to enter machine check.*1
# FRC Error                         0000 0000 0000 0100 FRC (functional redundancy check) master/slave error
# Internal Parity Error             0000 0000 0000 0101 Internal parity error.
# SMM Handler Code Access Violation 0000 0000 0000 0110 An attempt was made by the SMM Handler to execute outside the ranges specified by SMRR.
# Internal Timer Error              0000 0100 0000 0000 Internal timer error.
# I/O Error                         0000 1110 0000 1011 generic I/O error.
# Internal Unclassified             0000 01xx xxxx xxxx Internal unclassified errors. *2
#
#
# =====================
# Compound Error Codes                       # Table 15-9 IA32_MCi_Status [15:0] Compound Error Code Encounding
# =====================                      # 64-ia-32-architectures-software-developer-manual-325462. Volume 3B 
#
#
#         Error Desc                  Error Mask          Error Code Binary Encoding Meaning
# Generic Cache Hierarchy          000F 0000 0000 11LL Generic cache hierarchy error
# TLB Errors                       000F 0000 0001 TTLL {TT}TLB{LL}_ERR
# Memory Controller Errors         000F 0000 1MMM CCCC {MMM}_CHANNEL{CCCC}_ERR
# Cache Hierarchy Errors           000F 0001 RRRR TTLL {TT}CACHE{LL}_{RRRR}_ERR
# Bus and Interconnect Errors      000F 1PPT RRRR IILL BUS{LL}_{PP}_{RRRR}_{II}_{T}_ERR
#
#----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#>
Function MCA_Decode
{
$No_Error = 0000000000000000
$Unclassified = 0000000000000001
$Microcode_ROM_Parity_Error = 0000000000000010
$External_Error = 0000000000000011
$FRC_Error = 0000000000000100
$Internal_Parity_Error = 0000000000000101
$SMM_Handler_Code_Access_Violation = 0000000000000110
$Internal_Timer_Error = 0000010000000000
$IO_Error = 0000111000001011
#$Internal_Unclassified = 000001xx xxxx xxxx
#
#
$input = $args[0]
if($input -eq $No_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: No Error`nError Desc: No error has been reported to this bank of error-reporting registers." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $Unclassified){
Write-Host "Error Type: Unclassified`nError Desc: This error has not been classified into the MCA error classes." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $Microcode_ROM_Parity_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: Microcode ROM Parity Error`nError Desc: Parity error in internal microcode ROM" -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $External_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: External Error`nError Desc: The BINIT# from another processor caused this processor to enter machine check." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $FRC_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: FRC Error`nError Desc: FRC (functional redundancy check) master/slave error" -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $Internal_Parity_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: Internal Parity Error`nError Desc: Internal parity error." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $SMM_Handler_Code_Access_Violation){
Write-Host "Error Type: SMM Handler Code Access Violation`nError Desc: An attempt was made by the SMM Handler to execute outside the ranges specified by SMRR." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $Internal_Timer_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: Internal Timer Error`Error Desc: Internal timer error." -ForegroundColor Green
}
if($input -eq $IO_Error){
Write-Host "Error Type: I/O Error`Error Desc: generic I/O error." -ForegroundColor Green
}
}
MCA_Decode $args[0]

Answer 1

哈希表肯定可以帮助您解决单个错误。

请允许我建议用十六进制定义您的错误代码值，PowerShell对其进行本地解析，这样就更容易阅读了。

此外，如果您计划引入复合错误，请确保每个位代表一个不同的原始错误。

你可以这样做：

function Get-ErrorDescription {
    param(
        [int]$ErrorCode,
        [switch]$All
    )

    $ErrorCodes = @{
        0x0000 = 'No_Error'
        0x0001 = 'Unclassified'
        0x0002 = 'Microcode_ROM_Parity_Error'
        0x0004 = 'External_Error'
        0x0008 = 'FRC_Error'
        0x0010 = 'Internal_Parity_Error'
        0x0020 = 'SMM_Handler_Code_Access_Violation'
        0x0040 = 'Internal_Timer_Error'
        0x0080 = 'IO_Error'
        0x0100 = 'IRQ_Error'
        0x0062 = 'Compound_Error'
    }

    if(-not $All -or $ErrorCode -eq 0){
        # default, return just the exact error
        return $ErrorCodes[$ErrorCode]
    }

    # Sort keys, filter out No_Error and test the $ErrorCode against each errorcode value with binary AND, output the error description
    return $ErrorCodes.Keys |Sort-Object |Where-Object {$_ -ne 0 -and (($ErrorCode -band $_) -eq $_)}|ForEach-Object { $ErrorCodes[$_] }
}

现在您可以按值解析错误：

PS C:\> Get-ErrorDescription 0x0000
No_Error
PS C:\> Get-ErrorDescription 0x0001
Unclassified
PS C:\> Get-ErrorDescription 0x0062
Compound_Error
PS C:\> Get-ErrorDescription 0x0062
Microcode_ROM_Parity_Error
SMM_Handler_Code_Access_Violation
Internal_Timer_Error
Compound_Error
PS C:\> Get-ErrorDescription 0x0013
Unclassified
Microcode_ROM_Parity_Error
Internal_Parity_Error

Answer 2

谢谢你的帮助。我能够利用这个https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee692803.aspx的帮助使一切正常工作。

function Get-MCAError{
[CmdletBinding()]
[string]$Errorcode = $args[0]
$ErrorCodes = @{
    '0x0000'    =    'Verbose message here';
...5000+ lines
}#end of hash table
if ($ErrorCodes.ContainsKey($Errorcode) -eq $True){
$Decode_Message = $ErrorCodes.get_item($Errorcode)
Write-Host $Decode_Message -ForegroundColor Green
} #End of hash lookup 
else {
Write-Host "Error Not Found, or Internal Unclassified" -ForegroundColor Red
} #End of Else 
} #End of Get-MCAError Function 
Get-MCAError $args[0]