Python:如何使变量=1在不同的def块中仍然是这样的？(一场比赛)

Question

我有个问题。即使在不同的def函数中，如何使变量保持在定义中？我有一个函数，它的目的是查看多少AIs a user wants，例如，如果他们选择“一个”来表示他们想要的AI1 would be equal 1数量。以下是定义AI1的地方：

def AISection():#Same as line 1
    global AI1, AI2, AI3
    print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
    #Asks user next question.
    while(True):
    #Same as line 4.
        UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
        #same as line 6
        if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
        #Same as line 8
            AI1 = 1
            #Only AI1 will be activated.
            break
            #Same as line 

因此，如果他们只choose 'One' AI1 will be equal to 1。然后，一旦发生这种情况，用户将能够选择多少卡他们想要。这是根据它们希望激活的AIs数量来确定的，因此在上一段中将选择One，因此在下面的代码中，他们可以从3种不同的卡片数量中选择：

def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
    global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
    print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
    #Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
    if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
    #If they choose 2 AIs.
        print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
        #This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
    elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
    #If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
        print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
        #Same is line 68.

但是，当我运行代码时，它到达了def CardsSection ( AISection后面的部分，其中定义了AI1 )。然后给了我一个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "python", line 81, in <module>
  File "python", line 68, in CardsSection
NameError: name 'AI1' is not defined

问题是我定义了AI1 =1，但是我的代码无法识别它。我认为这是因为它是在不同的定义中定义的。我想，如果我使用全局“模块”，不管我把AI1、AI2和AI3放在什么def函数中，它们都会是这样的。如何才能使AI1、AI2和AI3设置为等于(在本例中为AISection)的地方，无论我身在何处，它们都是这样的？以下是我到目前为止所掌握的完整代码：

def StartSection():#The starting section.
    print("Do you want to play?\nChoices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
    #Asks the user a question.
    while(True):
        #Loops if user doesn't answer properly. 
        UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
        #Prompts the users.
        if(UserInput in ['YES', 'Yes', 'yes']): 
        #If user says yes.
            print("Great! Now choose your 'AI Settings'.")
            #Praises the user & tells user about next prompt.
            break
            #Stops the loop. Continues to next prompt.
        elif(UserInput in ['NO', 'No', 'no']): 
            #Else, if User says no.
            print("Bye bye!")
            #Farewells to the user.
            quit() 
            #Ends Code.
        else:
        #Else user types neither 'Yes' or 'No'.
            print("That is not a choice! Please try again.")
            #Tells user to choose again.
            print("Here are the choices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
            #Tells user their choices again; goes back to start.
StartSection()#Ends the section of code.
def AISection():#Same as line 1
    global AI1, AI2, AI3
    print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
    #Asks user next question.
    while(True):
    #Same as line 4.
        UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
        #same as line 6
        if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
        #Same as line 8
            AI1 = 1
            #Only AI1 will be activated.
            break
            #Same as line 12
        elif(UserInput in ['TWO', 'Two', 'two']):
        #Same as line 14
            AI1 = 1
            AI2 = 2
            #AI1 and AI2 are activated. AI3 is not activated.
            break
            #Same as line 12
        elif(UserInput in ['THREE', 'Three', 'three']):
        #Same as line 14
            AI1 = 1
            AI2 = 2
            AI3 = 3
            #All 3 AIs are activated.
            break
            #Same as line 12
        else:
            print("That is not a choice! Pleasse try again.")
            #Same as line 22
            print("Here are your choices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
            #Same as line 24
    print("You selested %s AIs" % (UserInput[0].upper()+UserInput[1::1].lower()))
    #Tells the user that what they select while keeping it in a upper-lower case fashion.
AISection()#Same as line 26
def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
    global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
    print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
    #Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
    if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
    #If they choose 2 AIs.
        print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
        #This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
    elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
    #If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
        print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
        #Same is line 68.
    else:
        print("Something didn't go right!")
        #If they happened to choose neither 1, 2, or 3 AIs.
        return StartSection()
        #Returns them basck to start.
CardsSection()

我希望这有帮助:)。

Answer 1

我相信您正面临着一个作用域问题，尽管您将它定义为全局的，但是您还没有在函数之外定义它。如果您在函数之外定义了三个变量，那么您的程序似乎可以工作：

def AISection():
    global AI1, AI2, AI3
    AI1 = 0
    AI2 = 0
    AI3 = 0
    print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
    while True:
        UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
        if UserInput.lower() == "one":
            AI1 += 1
            break

def CardsSection():
    global AI1, AI2, AI3
    print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
    if AI1 == 1 and AI2 == 2:
        print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
    elif AI1 == 1 or AI1 == 1 and AI3 == 3:
          print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")

还请注意，虽然这不是代码评审，但我强烈建议使用UserInput.lower() == "one“而不是列表检查，它将更有效，并接受更多的答案(例如，如果用户希望输入”oNe“)。

Answer 2

问题是，您没有在AI1 ()中定义变量AI3、AI2或AI3。您需要在那里将它们设置为0，否则没有定义它们。

def AISection():
    global AI1, AI2, AI3
    AI1 = 0
    AI2 = 0
    AI3 = 0
    print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
    while True:
        UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
        if UserInput.lower() == "one":
            AI1 = 1
            break