RegExp替换嵌套结构中的匹配括号

Question

如果第一个开口括号紧跟在关键字array之后，我如何替换一组匹配的开始/结束括号？正则表达式能帮助解决这种类型的问题吗？

为了更具体地说明，我想使用或PHP来解决这个问题。

// input
$data = array(
    'id' => nextId(),
    'profile' => array(
       'name' => 'Hugo Hurley',
       'numbers' => (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 108
    )
);

// desired output
$data = [
    'id' => nextId(),
    'profile' => [
       'name' => 'Hugo Hurley',
       'numbers' => (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 108
    ]
];

Answer 1

给出了点-网计数版本。

它具有与下面的PCRE (php)版本相同的元素。

所有的警告都是一样的。特别是，非数组括号必须

平衡，因为它们使用与分隔符相同的结束括号。

所有文本必须被解析(或者应该解析)。

外部组1，2，3，4允许你得到零件。

内容

核心-1 array()

核心-2任何()

例外情况

每一场比赛都会给你带来这些外在的东西，并且是相互排斥的。

诀窍是定义一个解析核心的php函数parse( core)。

该函数内部是while (regex.search( core ) { .. }循环。

每次核心-1或2组匹配时，调用传递的parse( core )函数。

核心小组的内容。

在循环内部，只需取出内容并将其分配给哈希。

显然，应该替换调用(?&content)的组1构造。

使用构造来获得类似变量数据的散列。

在一个详细的尺度上，这可能是非常乏味的。

通常情况下，你必须对每一个字符做出正确的解释

分析整件事。

(?is)(?:((?&content))|(?>\barray\s*\()((?=.)(?&core)|)\)|\(((?=.)(?&core)|)\)|(\barray\s*\(|[()]))(?(DEFINE)(?<core>(?>(?&content)|(?>\barray\s*\()(?:(?=.)(?&core)|)\)|\((?:(?=.)(?&core)|)\))+)(?<content>(?>(?!\barray\s*\(|[()]).)+))

扩容

 # 1:  CONTENT
 # 2:  CORE-1
 # 3:  CORE-2
 # 4:  EXCEPTIONS

 (?is)

 (?:
      (                                  # (1), Take off   CONTENT
           (?&content) 
      )
   |                                   # OR -----------------------------
      (?>                                # Start 'array('
           \b array \s* \(
      )
      (                                  # (2), Take off   'array( CORE-1 )'
           (?= . )
           (?&core) 
        |  
      )
      \)                                 # End ')'
   |                                   # OR -----------------------------
      \(                                 # Start '('
      (                                  # (3), Take off   '( any CORE-2 )'
           (?= . )
           (?&core) 
        |  
      )
      \)                                 # End ')'
   |                                   # OR -----------------------------
      (                                  # (4), Take off   Unbalanced or Exceptions
           \b array \s* \(
        |  [()] 
      )
 )

 # Subroutines
 # ---------------

 (?(DEFINE)

      # core
      (?<core>
           (?>
                (?&content) 
             |  
                (?> \b array \s* \( )
                # recurse core of  array()
                (?:
                     (?= . )
                     (?&core) 
                  |  
                )
                \)
             |  
                \(
                # recurse core of any  ()
                (?:
                     (?= . )
                     (?&core) 
                  |  
                )
                \)
           )+
      )

      # content 
      (?<content>
           (?>
                (?!
                     \b array \s* \(
                  |  [()] 
                )
                . 
           )+
      )
 )

输出

 **  Grp 0           -  ( pos 0 , len 11 ) 
some_var =   
 **  Grp 1           -  ( pos 0 , len 11 ) 
some_var =   
 **  Grp 2           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 3           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 4 [core]    -  NULL 
 **  Grp 5 [content] -  NULL 

-----------------------

 **  Grp 0           -  ( pos 11 , len 153 ) 
array(
    'id' => nextId(),
    'profile' => array(
       'name' => 'Hugo Hurley',
       'numbers' => (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 108
    ) 
)  
 **  Grp 1           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 2           -  ( pos 17 , len 146 ) 

    'id' => nextId(),
    'profile' => array(
       'name' => 'Hugo Hurley',
       'numbers' => (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 108
    ) 

 **  Grp 3           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 4 [core]    -  NULL 
 **  Grp 5 [content] -  NULL 

-------------------------------------

 **  Grp 0           -  ( pos 164 , len 3 ) 
;

 **  Grp 1           -  ( pos 164 , len 3 ) 
;

 **  Grp 2           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 3           -  NULL 
 **  Grp 4 [core]    -  NULL 
 **  Grp 5 [content] -  NULL 

其他事物的前一次化身，以获得使用的概念

 # Perl code:
 # 
 #     use strict;
 #     use warnings;
 #     
 #     use Data::Dumper;
 #     
 #     $/ = undef;
 #     my $content = <DATA>;
 #     
 #     # Set the error mode on/off here ..
 #     my $BailOnError = 1;
 #     my $IsError = 0;
 #     
 #     my $href = {};
 #     
 #     ParseCore( $href, $content );
 #     
 #     #print Dumper($href);
 #     
 #     print "\n\n";
 #     print "\nBase======================\n";
 #     print $href->{content};
 #     print "\nFirst======================\n";
 #     print $href->{first}->{content};
 #     print "\nSecond======================\n";
 #     print $href->{first}->{second}->{content};
 #     print "\nThird======================\n";
 #     print $href->{first}->{second}->{third}->{content};
 #     print "\nFourth======================\n";
 #     print $href->{first}->{second}->{third}->{fourth}->{content};
 #     print "\nFifth======================\n";
 #     print $href->{first}->{second}->{third}->{fourth}->{fifth}->{content};
 #     print "\nSix======================\n";
 #     print $href->{six}->{content};
 #     print "\nSeven======================\n";
 #     print $href->{six}->{seven}->{content};
 #     print "\nEight======================\n";
 #     print $href->{six}->{seven}->{eight}->{content};
 #     
 #     exit;
 #     
 #     
 #     sub ParseCore
 #     {
 #         my ($aref, $core) = @_;
 #         my ($k, $v);
 #         while ( $core =~ /(?is)(?:((?&content))|(?><!--block:(.*?)-->)((?&core)|)<!--endblock-->|(<!--(?:block:.*?|endblock)-->))(?(DEFINE)(?<core>(?>(?&content)|(?><!--block:.*?-->)(?:(?&core)|)<!--endblock-->)+)(?<content>(?>(?!<!--(?:block:.*?|endblock)-->).)+))/g )
 #         {
 #            if (defined $1)
 #            {
 #              # CONTENT
 #                $aref->{content} .= $1;
 #            }
 #            elsif (defined $2)
 #            {
 #              # CORE
 #                $k = $2; $v = $3;
 #                $aref->{$k} = {};
 #      #         $aref->{$k}->{content} = $v;
 #      #         $aref->{$k}->{match} = $&;
 #                
 #                my $curraref = $aref->{$k};
 #                my $ret = ParseCore($aref->{$k}, $v);
 #                if ( $BailOnError && $IsError ) {
 #                    last;
 #                }
 #                if (defined $ret) {
 #                    $curraref->{'#next'} = $ret;
 #                }
 #            }
 #            else
 #            {
 #              # ERRORS
 #                print "Unbalanced '$4' at position = ", $-[0];
 #                $IsError = 1;
 #     
 #                # Decide to continue here ..
 #                # If BailOnError is set, just unwind recursion. 
 #                # -------------------------------------------------
 #                if ( $BailOnError ) {
 #                   last;
 #                }
 #            }
 #         }
 #         return $k;
 #     }
 #     
 #     #================================================
 #     __DATA__
 #     some html content here top base
 #     <!--block:first-->
 #         <table border="1" style="color:red;">
 #         <tr class="lines">
 #             <td align="left" valign="<--valign-->">
 #         <b>bold</b><a href="http://www.mewsoft.com">mewsoft</a>
 #         <!--hello--> <--again--><!--world-->
 #         some html content here 1 top
 #         <!--block:second-->
 #             some html content here 2 top
 #             <!--block:third-->
 #                 some html content here 3 top
 #                 <!--block:fourth-->
 #                     some html content here 4 top
 #                     <!--block:fifth-->
 #                         some html content here 5a
 #                         some html content here 5b
 #                     <!--endblock-->
 #                 <!--endblock-->
 #                 some html content here 3a
 #                 some html content here 3b
 #             <!--endblock-->
 #             some html content here 2 bottom
 #         <!--endblock-->
 #         some html content here 1 bottom
 #     <!--endblock-->
 #     some html content here1-5 bottom base
 #     
 #     some html content here 6-8 top base
 #     <!--block:six-->
 #         some html content here 6 top
 #         <!--block:seven-->
 #             some html content here 7 top
 #             <!--block:eight-->
 #                 some html content here 8a
 #                 some html content here 8b
 #             <!--endblock-->
 #             some html content here 7 bottom
 #         <!--endblock-->
 #         some html content here 6 bottom
 #     <!--endblock-->
 #     some html content here 6-8 bottom base
 # 
 # Output >>
 # 
 #     Base======================
 #     some html content here top base
 #     
 #     some html content here1-5 bottom base
 #     
 #     some html content here 6-8 top base
 #     
 #     some html content here 6-8 bottom base
 #     
 #     First======================
 #     
 #         <table border="1" style="color:red;">
 #         <tr class="lines">
 #             <td align="left" valign="<--valign-->">
 #         <b>bold</b><a href="http://www.mewsoft.com">mewsoft</a>
 #         <!--hello--> <--again--><!--world-->
 #         some html content here 1 top
 #         
 #         some html content here 1 bottom
 #     
 #     Second======================
 #     
 #             some html content here 2 top
 #             
 #             some html content here 2 bottom
 #         
 #     Third======================
 #     
 #                 some html content here 3 top
 #                 
 #                 some html content here 3a
 #                 some html content here 3b
 #             
 #     Fourth======================
 #     
 #                     some html content here 4 top
 #                     
 #                 
 #     Fifth======================
 #     
 #                         some html content here 5a
 #                         some html content here 5b
 #                     
 #     Six======================
 #     
 #         some html content here 6 top
 #         
 #         some html content here 6 bottom
 #     
 #     Seven======================
 #     
 #             some html content here 7 top
 #             
 #             some html content here 7 bottom
 #         
 #     Eight======================
 #     
 #                 some html content here 8a
 #                 some html content here 8b
 #         

Answer 2

下面(使用.NET regex引擎)如何？

resultString = Regex.Replace(subjectString, 
    @"\barray\(            # Match 'array('
    (                      # Capture in group 1:
     (?>                   # Start a possessive group:
      (?:                  # Either match
       (?!\barray\(|[()])  # only if we're not before another array or parens
       .                   # any character
      )+                   # once or more
     |                     # or
      \( (?<Depth>)        # match '(' (and increase the nesting counter)
     |                     # or
      \) (?<-Depth>)       # match ')' (and decrease the nesting counter).
     )*                    # Repeat as needed.
     (?(Depth)(?!))        # Assert that the nesting counter is at zero.
    )                      # End of capturing group.
    \)                     # Then match ')'.", 
    "[$1]", RegexOptions.IgnorePatternWhitespace | RegexOptions.Singleline);

此正则表达式与array(...)匹配，其中...可能包含除另一个array(...)之外的任何内容(因此，它只匹配嵌套最深入的事件)。它确实允许在...中使用其他嵌套的(并且正确平衡的)括号，但是它不检查它们是否是语义括号，或者它们是否包含在字符串或注释中。

换句话说，就像

array(
   'name' => 'Hugo ((( Hurley',
   'numbers' => (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 108
)

无法(正确)匹配。

您需要迭代地应用该regex，直到它不再修改其输入为止--在您的示例中，两个迭代就足够了。