Python读取文件替换单词中的字符串

Question

我正在试图读取以下数据的文件

Et1, Arista2, Ethernet1
Et2, Arista2, Ethernet2
Ma1, Arista2, Management1

我需要读取文件，将Et替换为Ethernet，Ma替换为Management。在它们的末尾，数字应该是相同的。实际输出如下

Ethernet1, Arista2, Ethernet1
Ethernet2, Arista2, Ethernet2
Management1, Arista2, Management1

我尝试了一个带有正则表达式的代码，我可以解析所有的Et1、Et2和Ma1。但无法取代它们。

import re
with open('test.txt','r') as fin:
       for line in fin:
       data = re.findall(r'\A[A-Z][a-z]\Z\d[0-9]*', line)
       print(data)

输出结果如下..

['Et1'] 
['Et2'] 
['Ma1']

Answer 1

import re

#to avoid compile in each iteration
re_et = re.compile(r'^Et(\d+),')
re_ma = re.compile(r'^Ma(\d+),')

with open('test.txt') as fin:
    for line in fin:
        data = re_et.sub('Ethernet\g<1>,', line.strip())
        data = re_ma.sub('Management\g<1>,', data)
        print(data)

Answer 2

这个例子遵循了Joseph的建议

    import csv
    file_name = 'data.csv'
    output_file_name = "corrected_data.csv"

    data = []
    with open(file_name, "rb") as csvfile:
        reader = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
        for row in reader:
            data.append(row)

    corrected_data = []
    for row in data:
        tmp_row = []
        for col in row:
            if 'Et' in col and not "Ethernet" in col:
                col = col.replace("Et", "Ethernet")
            elif 'Ma' in col and not "Management" in col:
                col = col.replace("Ma", "Management")
            tmp_row.append(col)
        corrected_data.append(tmp_row)

    with open(output_file_name, "wb") as csvfile:
        writer = csv.writer(csvfile, delimiter=',')
        for row in corrected_data:
            writer.writerow(row)        

    print data

Answer 3

以下是您应该采取的步骤：

1. 读取文件中的每一行
2. 使用注释作为分隔符，将每行分隔成较小的列表项。
3. 使用str.replace()将字符替换为您想要的单词；请记住，任何写着"Et“的内容(包括”以太网“一词的开头)都会被替换，所以请记住这一点。妈妈和管理层也是如此。
4. 将其回滚到一个大列表中，并使用file.write()将其放回文件中。您可能必须覆盖原始文件。