我按照这个链接来尝试获取几个标记的值:
Parsing XML with namespace in Python via 'ElementTree'
在这个链接中,访问这样的根标记没有问题:
import sys
from lxml import etree as ET
doc = ET.parse('file.xml')
namespaces_rdf = {'rdf': 'http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#'} # add more as needed
namespaces_dcat = {'dcat': 'http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#'} # add more as needed
namespaces_dct = {'dct': 'http://purl.org/dc/terms/'}
print doc.findall('rdf:RDF', namespaces_rdf)
print doc.findall('dcat:Dataset', namespaces_dcat)
print doc.findall('dct:identifier', namespaces_dct)产出:
[]
[<Element {http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#}Dataset at 0x2269b98>]
[]我只能访问dcat:Dataset,我看不出如何访问rdf:about的值
和以后访问dct:标识符
当然,一旦我访问了这个信息,我需要访问dcat:分发信息。
这是我的示例文件,由ckanext-dcat生成:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:dcat="http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#"
>
<dcat:Dataset rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01">
<dct:identifier>ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01</dct:identifier>
<dct:description>FOO-Description</dct:description>
<dct:title>FOO-title</dct:title>
<dcat:keyword>keyword1</dcat:keyword>
<dcat:keyword>keyword2</dcat:keyword>
<dct:issued rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2014-10-08T08:55:04.566618</dct:issued>
<dct:modified rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2015-06-25T11:04:10.328902</dct:modified>
<dcat:distribution>
<dcat:Distribution rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/f5707551-6bf3-468f-9a96-b4184cc51d1f">
<dct:title>FOO-title-1</dct:title>
<dct:description>FOO-Description-1</dct:description>
<dcat:accessURL>http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/f5707551-6bf3-468f-9a96-b4184cc51d1f/download/myxls.xls</dcat:accessURL>
<dct:format>XLS</dct:format>
</dcat:Distribution>
</dcat:distribution>
<dcat:distribution>
<dcat:Distribution rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/74c1acc8-b2b5-441b-afb2-d072d0d00a7f">
<dct:format>XLS</dct:format>
<dct:title>FOO-title-2</dct:title>
<dct:description>FOO-Description-2</dct:description>
<dcat:accessURL>http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/74c1acc8-b2b5-441b-afb2-d072d0d00a7f/download/myxls.xls</dcat:accessURL>
</dcat:Distribution>
</dcat:distribution>
</dcat:Dataset>
</rdf:RDF>知道如何获取这些信息吗?谢谢
更新:嗯,我需要访问rdf:关于:
<dcat:Dataset rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01">因此,以下代码摘自:
Parse xml with lxml - extract element value
for node in doc.xpath('//dcat:Dataset', namespaces=namespaces):
# Iterate over attributes
for attrib in node.attrib:
print '@' + attrib + '=' + node.attrib[attrib]我得到了这个输出:
[<Element {http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#}Dataset at 0x23d8ee0>]
@{http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#}about=http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01因此,问题是:
如何询问属性是否为有关以获取此值,因为在其他文件中,我有几个标记。
更新2:修正了我如何获得价值(克拉克符号)
for node in doc.xpath('//dcat:Dataset', namespaces=namespaces):
# Iterate over attributes
for attrib in node.attrib:
if attrib.endswith('about'):
#do my jobs好了,快完成了,但我还有最后一个问题:我需要知道什么时候访问
<dct:title>
属于它的,我有:
<dcat:Dataset rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01">
<dct:title>FOO-title</dct:title>
<dcat:Distribution rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/f5707551-6bf3-468f-9a96-b4184cc51d1f">
<dct:title>FOO-title-1</dct:title>
<dcat:Distribution rdf:about="http://www.myweb.com/dataset/ec631628-2f46-4f17-a685-d62a37466c01/resource/74c1acc8-b2b5-441b-afb2-d072d0d00a7f">
<dct:title>FOO-title-2</dct:title>如果我做了这样的事,我会得到:
for node in doc.xpath('//dct:title', namespaces=namespaces):
print node.tag, node.text
{http://purl.org/dc/terms/}title FOO-title
{http://purl.org/dc/terms/}title FOO-title-1
{http://purl.org/dc/terms/}title FOO-title-2谢谢
发布于 2016-03-25 20:54:33
使用带有xpath()命名参数的namespaces方法:
namespaces = {
'rdf': 'http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#',
'dcat': 'http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#',
'dct': 'http://purl.org/dc/terms/'
}
print(doc.xpath('//rdf:RDF', namespaces=namespaces))
print(doc.xpath('//dcat:Dataset', namespaces=namespaces))
print(doc.xpath('//dct:identifier', namespaces=namespaces))https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36227777
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