如何使用keytool创建证书？

Question

我已经看过了4篇(是的，4篇)教程，但仍然不知道如何让它发挥作用。

在我的Glassfish 4.1.1服务器中为HTTPS设置了第二个HTTP侦听器之后，我正在尝试创建一个证书，这样我的浏览器中就不会出现安全错误。问题是，我只是没有得到正确的关键工具，它只是混乱和抛出奇怪的错误，无论我做什么。例如，它找不到许多指南推荐的一些命令。

我可以猜到这个工具在Java 8或其他东西中发生了变化，我真的不知道。

问题是:我希望创建一个证书，将它导出到我的Glassfish服务器，并让HTTPS正确实现并用于测试目的。我该怎么做？

编辑:说真的，我正因为这个而惹上麻烦。我什么也做不了:仙人掌密码不是典型的"changeit"，我无法在keystore之外获取密钥，因此我不能对证书做任何事情。

Answer 1

如果你只需要创建一对自签名证书.我也许能帮上忙。

在Microsoft Windows机器上：

• 创建一个空目录并将下面的脚本保存在那里(GenTestCerts.ps1)。
• 编辑脚本并将别名值(和其他变量)更改为所需的任何内容。
• 执行脚本。

将服务器(tomcat.server.net.p12)证书复制到服务器所期望的任何位置。

将信任存储(truststore.p12)复制到服务器所期望的任何位置。

在您的Windows密钥库中安装admin (tomcat-admin.p12)证书，将根接受到受信任的根证书颁发机构部分。

<#
    This sample Windows PowerShell script will:
        1.) Create a Certificate Authority
        2.) Create a Server Certificate signed by the Certificate Authority
        3.) Create a Client Certificate signed by the Certificate Authority
        4.) Create a TrustStore containing the public Certificate Authority key

    The first section defines variables
    The second section does the work

    All Key Stores are PKCS12

    The Server Certificate includes a Subject Alternative Name
        The command below uses the serverAlias as the serverDNS value, but may be changed to whatever you need

    You just have Java 7 (or higher) installed and keytool in your path
#>

<# Your Organizational Information #>
$organizationalUnit="USN"
$organization="NRL"
$locality="Washington"
$state="DC"
$country="USA"

<# Certificate Alias #>
$authorityAlias="tomcat-root"
$serverAlias="tomcat.server.net"
$clientAlias="tomcat-admin"

<# Subject Alternative Name #>
$serverDNS="$serverAlias"

<# Extensions #>
$certAuthExtension="BasicConstraints:critical=ca:true,pathlen:10000"
$altNameExtension="san=dns:$serverDNS"

<# Trust Store #>
$trustCertName="truststore"

<# Key size and effective period #>
$keySize="4096"
$validity="365"

<# Key and Store Password #>
$certPassword="changeit"

<# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #>
<# ------------------  Use caution if you change anything below this line  ------------------ #>
<# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ #>

$authorityDN="CN=$authorityAlias,OU=$organizationalUnit,O=$organization,L=$locality,ST=$state,C=$country"
$serverDN="CN=$serverAlias,OU=$organizationalUnit,O=$organization,L=$locality,ST=$state,C=$country"
$clientDN="CN=$clientAlias,OU=$organizationalUnit,O=$organization,L=$locality,ST=$state,C=$country"

rm "$authorityAlias.*"
rm "$serverAlias.*"
rm "$clientAlias.*"
rm "$trustCertName.*"

echo ""
echo "Generating the Root Authority Certificate..."
keytool -genkeypair -alias "$authorityAlias" -keyalg RSA -dname "$authorityDN" -ext "$certAuthExtension" `
    -validity "$validity" -keysize "$keySize" -keystore "$authorityAlias.p12" -keypass "$certPassword" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -deststoretype pkcs12
echo "- Exporting Root Authority Certificate Public Key..."
keytool -exportcert -rfc -alias "$authorityAlias" -file "$authorityAlias.cer" -keypass "$certPassword" `
    -keystore "$authorityAlias.p12" -storepass "$certPassword"

echo ""
echo "Generating the Server Certificate..."
echo "- Creating Key Pair"
keytool -genkey -validity "$validity" -keysize "$keySize" -alias "$serverAlias" -keyalg RSA -dname "$serverDN" `
    -ext "$altNameExtension" -keystore "$serverAlias.p12" -keypass "$certPassword" -storepass "$certPassword" `
    -deststoretype pkcs12
echo "- Creating Certificate Signing Request"
keytool -certreq -alias "$serverAlias" -ext "$altNameExtension" -keystore "$serverAlias.p12" -file "$serverAlias.csr" `
    -keypass "$certPassword" -storepass "$certPassword"
echo "- Signing Certificate"
keytool -gencert -infile "$serverAlias.csr" -keystore "$authorityAlias.p12" -storepass "$certPassword" `
    -alias "$authorityAlias" -ext "$altNameExtension" -outfile "$serverAlias.pem"
echo "- Adding Certificate Authority Certificate to Keystore"
keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias "$authorityAlias" -file "$authorityAlias.cer" -keystore "$serverAlias.p12" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -noprompt
echo "- Adding Certificate to Keystore"
keytool -import -keystore "$serverAlias.p12" -file "$serverAlias.pem" -alias "$serverAlias" -keypass "$certPassword" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -noprompt
rm "$serverAlias.csr"
rm "$serverAlias.pem"

echo ""
echo "Generating the Client Certificate..."
echo "- Creating Key Pair"
keytool -genkey -validity "$validity" -keysize "$keySize" -alias "$clientAlias" -keyalg RSA -dname "$clientDN" `
    -keystore "$clientAlias.p12" -keypass "$certPassword" -storepass "$certPassword" -deststoretype pkcs12
echo "- Creating Certificate Signing Request"
keytool -certreq -alias "$clientAlias" -keystore "$clientAlias.p12" -file "$clientAlias.csr" -keypass "$certPassword" `
    -storepass "$certPassword"
echo "- Signing Certificate"
keytool -gencert -infile "$clientAlias.csr" -keystore "$authorityAlias.p12" -storepass "$certPassword" `
    -alias "$authorityAlias" -outfile "$clientAlias.pem"
echo "- Adding Certificate Authority Certificate to Keystore"
keytool -import -trustcacerts -alias "$authorityAlias" -file "$authorityAlias.cer" -keystore "$clientAlias.p12" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -noprompt
echo "- Adding Certificate to Keystore"
keytool -import -keystore "$clientAlias.p12" -file "$clientAlias.pem" -alias "$clientAlias" -keypass "$certPassword" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -noprompt
rm "$clientAlias.csr"
rm "$clientAlias.pem"

echo ""
echo "Generating the Trust Store and put the Client Certificate in it..."
keytool -importcert -alias "$authorityAlias" -file "$authorityAlias.cer" -keystore "$trustCertName.p12" `
    -storepass "$certPassword" -noprompt

echo ""
echo "Removing Public Key Files..."
rm "$authorityAlias.cer"

希望这能有所帮助。

最好的，艾斯

Answer 2

很多年前，我在一只猫上做了这件事，我记得在第一次尝试的时候，我没有把它做好。

除非您想花钱(估计网站没有免费的证书签名)，否则我建议您使用自签名证书。

你试过这个吗？http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19798-01/821-1751/ghlgv/index.html