切换Capybara默认驱动程序后401个错误？

Question

我正在为一个使用Capybara和RSpec的现有Rails应用程序组装一个Rails应用程序。默认情况下，Capybara使用rack_test作为驱动程序，但我想使用capybara-webkit。

我已经做了一个简单的测试来登录我的网站。使用rack_test，我可以登录，我的log/test.log文件显示了以下HTTP请求：

Completed 200 OK in 201ms (Views: 201.3ms | ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)
Started POST "/users/sign_in" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-12-01 10:20:33 -0600
Processing by Devise::SessionsController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "user"=>{"email"=>"foo@bar.com", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "remember_me"=>"0"}, "commit"=>"Sign In"}
  User Load (0.5ms)  SELECT  "users".* FROM "users"  WHERE "users"."email" = 'foo@bar.com'  ORDER BY "users"."id" ASC LIMIT 1
   # There are a few more SQL queries here that I've removed
Redirected to http://www.example.com/
Completed 302 Found in 36ms (ActiveRecord: 2.3ms)
Started GET "/" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-12-01 10:20:33 -0600
Processing by InitiativesController#blank as HTML

当我切换到webkit (通过在Capybara.default_driver :webkit中设置spec_helper.rb)时，我在运行这个测试时遇到了问题。由于某些原因，我在日志中看到401个错误：

Completed 200 OK in 17ms (Views: 16.7ms | ActiveRecord: 0.0ms)
Started POST "/users/sign_in" for 127.0.0.1 at 2015-12-01 10:21:31 -0600
Processing by Devise::SessionsController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "user"=>{"email"=>"foo@bar.com", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "remember_me"=>"0"}, "commit"=>"Sign In"}
  User Load (0.7ms)  SELECT  "users".* FROM "users"  WHERE "users"."email" = 'foo@bar.com'  ORDER BY "users"."id" ASC LIMIT 1
  # no other queries
Completed 401 Unauthorized in 5ms
Processing by Devise::SessionsController#new as HTML

因此，登录请求不被接受。是否有某种Capybara的配置，我需要改变，以使这个日志在请求工作？我不知道是什么导致了这一切。

我的spec_helper.rb看起来是这样的：

require 'simplecov'
require 'webmock/rspec'
require 'capybara/rspec'
require 'fakeredis/rspec'
require 'site_prism'

ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'rspec/autorun'

Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each { |f| require f }

Capybara.javascript_driver = :poltergeist
Capybara.default_driver = :webkit
Capybara.default_host = 'http://127.0.0.1:60400'
Capybara.server_port = 60400

ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending! if defined?(ActiveRecord::Migration)

Capybara::Webkit.configure do |config|
  config.block_unknown_urls
end

RSpec.configure do |config|
  config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

  config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false

  config.include Devise::TestHelpers, :type => [:controller, :acceptance]

  config.use_transactional_fixtures = false

  config.before(:suite) do
    DatabaseCleaner.clean_with(:truncation)
  end

  config.before(:each) do |example|
    DatabaseCleaner.strategy = :truncation 
    DatabaseCleaner.start
  end

  config.after(:each) do
    DatabaseCleaner.clean
  end

  config.order = "random"

  config.before(:all) do
    FactoryGirl.reload
  end

  config.before :each do
    Timecop.return
  end

  config.include Helpers
  config.include Helpers::MassAdsCreation
end

WebMock.disable_net_connect!(allow_localhost: true)

Answer 1

我认为您可能需要使用Warden::Test::Helpers而不是如前所述

请注意，它们也有一个处理capybara-webkit的特定部分。

Answer 2

401可能意味着密码与您登录的电子邮件不匹配。由于它适用于rack_test，而不是capybara-webkit，所以很可能您仍然在使用基于事务的测试。

当使用rack_test时，应用程序与测试在同一个线程中运行，这意味着它们都使用相同的数据库连接。因此，您可以使用基于事务的测试，而不必支付实际向数据库写入任何内容所带来的性能损失。然而，当使用任何“真正的浏览器”驱动时，Capybara会在它自己的线程中启动您的应用程序，这意味着测试和应用程序使用的是单独的数据库连接，因此您必须实际提交到数据库。这通常通过在截断模式下使用database_cleaner来完成。请参阅清洗剂#rspec与水豚-示例