Django (mod_wsgi)异常处理WSGI脚本

Question

我是Apache和mod_wsgi的初学者。不过，我理解Apache服务器的基本思想。我需要一个救世主，因为我几乎没有人来寻求帮助。

我的问题如下：

1. 我可以运行python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000，我的应用程序在服务器上运行良好。
2. 但是，当我使用Apache服务器服务我的站点时。事情不太顺利。

返回的两个主要错误是：

 ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32

和

  ImproperlyConfigured: Error importing middleware django_openid.consumer: "cannot import name utils"

文件夹结构

payupjack
  |-payupjack-env (virtualenv for payupjack)
      |- (virtualenv stuffs...)
      |- PayupJack (My application)
           |- All the code required by this application 

我已经尝试过的

1. 将虚拟服务器的网站包文件夹中的文件夹django_openid的用户所有权更改为“www-data”。
2. 将'www-data‘用户添加到'ubuntu’组(这样'www-data‘与’ubuntu‘共享相同的特权)
3. 单独运行“wsgi.py”，运行良好。
4. 运行python manage.py runserver也很好
5. 试图注释掉在模块utils中导入consumer.py的行(在django_openid模块中)，但我仍然得到相同的错误。这真的很奇怪，我不知道该如何理解。
6. 对于这个问题的不同变体，遵循了许多堆栈溢出的建议。到目前为止，一切都不起作用。

附加信息

完整的Apache错误日志返回以下内容。

[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.411960 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632] mod_wsgi (pid=20821): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py'.
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.411987 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412002 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 250, in __call__
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412091 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     self.load_middleware()
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412105 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 45, in load_middleware
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412209 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     mod = import_module(mw_module)
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412224 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412262 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     __import__(name)
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412272 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django_openid/consumer.py", line 14, in <module>
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412390 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412403 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/shortcuts/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412467 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     from django.db.models.manager import Manager
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412477 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 78, in <module>
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412525 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412535 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412595 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412615 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 33, in load_backend
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412630 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     return import_module('.base', backend_name)
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412640 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412652 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     __import__(name)
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412659 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 24, in <module>
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412726 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632]     raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg2 module: %s" % e)
[Tue Nov 10 20:02:12.412743 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:12632] ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg2 module: /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/psycopg2/_psycopg.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107340 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] mod_wsgi (pid=20821): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py'.
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107383 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107402 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 250, in __call__
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107426 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     self.load_middleware()
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107436 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 47, in load_middleware
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107449 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     raise exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured('Error importing middleware %s: "%s"' % (mw_module, e))
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.107467 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] ImproperlyConfigured: Error importing middleware django_openid.consumer: "cannot import name utils"
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407277 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] mod_wsgi (pid=20821): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py'.
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407306 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407322 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 250, in __call__
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407343 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     self.load_middleware()
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407352 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 47, in load_middleware
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407364 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     raise exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured('Error importing middleware %s: "%s"' % (mw_module, e))
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:13.407381 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] ImproperlyConfigured: Error importing middleware django_openid.consumer: "cannot import name utils"
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197060 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] mod_wsgi (pid=20821): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py'.
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197098 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197114 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 250, in __call__
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197136 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     self.load_middleware()
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197144 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 47, in load_middleware
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197157 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     raise exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured('Error importing middleware %s: "%s"' % (mw_module, e))
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.197174 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] ImproperlyConfigured: Error importing middleware django_openid.consumer: "cannot import name utils"
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252928 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] mod_wsgi (pid=20821): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py'.
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252946 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] Traceback (most recent call last):
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252958 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 250, in __call__
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252975 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     self.load_middleware()
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252983 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]   File "/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 47, in load_middleware
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.252994 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512]     raise exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured('Error importing middleware %s: "%s"' % (mw_module, e))
[Tue Nov 10 15:02:14.253006 2015] [:error] [pid 20821:tid 139665119233792] [remote 192.0.163.234:7512] ImproperlyConfigured: Error importing middleware django_openid.consumer: "cannot import name utils"

wsgi.py的名称为：

from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler


import os

import sys

import site

ALLDIRS = ['/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack']

# redirect sys.stdout to sys.stderr for bad libraries like geopy that uses

# print statements for optional import exceptions.

sys.stdout = sys.stderr

prev_sys_path = list(sys.path)

print prev_sys_path

site.addsitedir('/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages')

sys.path.append('/opt')
sys.path.append('/opt/payupjack')
sys.path.append('/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env')
sys.path.append('/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack') 

# Reorder sys.path so new directories at the front.

new_sys_path = []

for item in list(sys.path):

    if item not in prev_sys_path:

        new_sys_path.append(item)

        sys.path.remove(item)

sys.path[:0] = new_sys_path

activate_this = '/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/bin/activate_this.py'

execfile(activate_this, dict(__file__=activate_this))

from os.path import abspath, dirname, join


print  sys.path

os.environ["DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE"] = "PayupJack.settings"

sys.path.insert(0, join("/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack", "apps"))


import djcelery

djcelery.setup_loader()


print 'Last step of WSGI'

application = WSGIHandler()

print 'Done final step. '

下面是我的Apache配置文件：

WSGIPythonPath /opt/payupjack/payupjack_env/lib/python2.7

<VirtualHost *:80>

        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

        WSGIDaemonProcess payupjack python-path=/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env:/opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/lib/python2.7/site-packages processes=1 threads=1

        WSGIProcessGroup payupjack

        WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

        WSGIPassAuthorization On



        WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/wsgi.py

        Alias /static/ /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack/static

        <Directory /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/PayupJack>

                Order deny,allow

                #Allow from all
        Require all granted
        </Directory>

        ErrorLog /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/logs/error.log

        CustomLog /opt/payupjack/payupjack-env/logs/access.log combined

</VirtualHost>

新信息

ldd of mod_wsgi.so返回：

linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff815f2000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007ff5b3fec000)
        libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007ff5b3a88000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007ff5b36c2000)
        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007ff5b443c000)
        libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007ff5b34a9000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007ff5b32a5000)
        libutil.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil.so.1 (0x00007ff5b30a1000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007ff5b2d9b000)

我还在我的整个硬盘上快速找到了一个python库，该库位于以下位置：

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so.1.0

Answer 1

这个问题是由于路径问题(感谢格雷厄姆指出了如何检查psycopg2.so的比特和位置)。我的应用程序使用VirtualEnv。由于某些原因，我第一次没有正确地设置VirtualEnv。因此，通过pip安装的所有包都停留在OS的python路径中，而不是VirtualEnv。

解决方案是删除安装在OS Python路径上的所有包。然后，重新创建一个新的VirtualEnv并执行典型的pip install。确保所有包都安装在VirtualEnv路径中。一旦我这么做了，一切都运行得很好。