为什么我在这些代理服务器上收到了400个坏请求？

Question

所以我对网络和代理服务器的使用非常陌生。我有一个刮刀刮某些网站，但我意识到，我需要改变我的IP地址和诸如此类的，这样我就不会从网站引导。我在GitHub上找到了以下要使用的程序：

https://github.com/aivarsk/scrapy-proxies

我每件事的实施情况如下：

蜘蛛：

# This package will contain the spiders of your Scrapy project
#
# Please refer to the documentation for information on how to create and manage
# your spiders.
import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from backpage_scrape import items
#from toolz import first
#import ipdb
#from lxml import html
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
import os

HOME = os.environ['HOMEPATH']
os.chdir(HOME +       "/Desktop/GitHub/Rover/backpage_scrape/backpage_scrape/spiders/") 

# Method that gets today's date
def backpage_date_today():
    now = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(hours=4)
    weekdays = ['Mon. ','Tue. ','Wed. ','Thu. ','Fri. ','Sat. ','Sun. ']
    months = ['Jan. ','Feb. ','Mar. ','Apr. ','May. ', 'Jun. ','Jul. ','Aug. ','Sep. ','Oct. ','Nov. ','Dec. ']
    backpage_date = weekdays[now.weekday()] + months[now.month-1] + str(now.day)
    return backpage_date

# Method that gets yesterday's date
def backpage_date_yesterday():
    now = datetime.utcnow() - timedelta(days=1, hours=4)
    weekdays = ['Mon. ','Tue. ','Wed. ','Thu. ','Fri. ','Sat. ','Sun. ']
months = ['Jan. ','Feb. ','Mar. ','Apr. ','May. ', 'Jun. ','Jul. ','Aug. ','Sep. ','Oct. ','Nov. ','Dec. ']
backpage_date = weekdays[now.weekday()] + months[now.month-1] + str(now.day)
return backpage_date

# Open file which contains input urls
with open("test_urls.txt","rU") as infile:
    urls = [row.strip("\n") for row in infile]

class BackpageSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'backpage'
allowed_domains = ['backpage.com']
start_urls = urls

def parse(self,response):

    if response.status < 600:

        todays_links = []

        backpage_date = backpage_date_today()
        yesterday_date = backpage_date_yesterday()

        if backpage_date in response.body:
            # Get all URLs to iterate through
            todays_links = response.xpath("//div[@class='date'][1]/following-sibling::div[@class='date'][1]/preceding-sibling::div[preceding-sibling::div[@class='date']][contains(@class, 'cat')]/a/@href").extract()

        # timeOut = 0
        for url in todays_links: 
            # Iterate through pages and scrape
            # if timeOut == 10:
            #   time.sleep(600)
            #   timeOut = 0
            # else:
            #   timeOut += 1

            yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse_ad_into_content)

        for url in set(response.xpath('//a[@class="pagination next"]/@href').extract()):
            yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse)

    else:
        time.sleep(600)
        yield scrapy.Request(response.url,callback=self.parse)

# Parse page
def parse_ad_into_content(self,response):
    item = items.BackpageScrapeItem(url=response.url,
        backpage_id=response.url.split('.')[0].split('/')[2].encode('utf-8'),
        text = response.body,
        posting_body= response.xpath("//div[@class='postingBody']").extract()[0].encode('utf-8'),
        date = datetime.utcnow()-timedelta(hours=5),
        posted_date = response.xpath("//div[@class='adInfo']/text()").extract()[0].encode('utf-8'),
        posted_age = response.xpath("//p[@class='metaInfoDisplay']/text()").extract()[0].encode('utf-8'),
        posted_title = response.xpath("//div[@id='postingTitle']//h1/text()").extract()[0].encode('utf-8')
        )
    return item

Settings.py的部分：

# Retry many times since proxies often fail
RETRY_TIMES = 10
# Retry on most error codes since proxies fail for different reasons
RETRY_HTTP_CODES = [500, 503, 504, 400, 403, 404, 408]

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware': 90,
    # Fix path to this module
    'backpage_scrape.randomproxy.RandomProxy': 100,
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110,
}

PROXY_LIST = 'C:/Users/LPrice/Desktop/GitHub/Rover/backpage_scrape/backpage_scrape/proxies.txt'

randomproxy.py与GitHub链接上的情况完全相同。

Proxies.txt：

https://6.hidemyass.com/ip-4
https://5.hidemyass.com/ip-1
https://4.hidemyass.com/ip-1
https://4.hidemyass.com/ip-2
https://4.hidemyass.com/ip-3
https://3.hidemyass.com/ip-1
https://3.hidemyass.com/ip-2
https://3.hidemyass.com/ip-3
https://2.hidemyass.com/ip-1
https://2.hidemyass.com/ip-2
https://2.hidemyass.com/ip-3
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-1
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-2
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-3
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-4
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-5
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-6
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-7
https://1.hidemyass.com/ip-8

因此，如果您查看GitHub自述文件的顶部，您将看到它写着“复制粘贴到文本文件并将格式重新格式化为http://host:port格式”。我不知道我是怎么做到的，或者如果已经是这样的话。

就像我说的，我的错误是400个坏请求。我不确定它是否有用，但控制台说：

Retrying <GET http://sf.backpage.com/restOfURL> <failed 10 times>: 400 Bad Request

它是否应该在"sf.backpage.com“部分之前显示上面URL中的代理？

谢谢你抽出时间.我真的很感激你的帮助。

编辑:而且，我不确定在GitHub自述的自述文件底部插入代码片段的位置/方法。有关这方面的任何建议也将是有益的。

Answer 1

proxies.txt中的URL并不是真正的代理。

转到http://proxylist.hidemyass.com/并搜索HTTP协议的代理。您需要从搜索结果中获取IP地址和端口列，并以http://IP地址:端口格式将它们写入http://IP文件。