理解内核dmesg时间戳

Question

我想在内核日志中解码时间格式：

<3>[  107.236115]

<3>[  107.245076]

<4>[  107.521858]

<3>[  107.522098]

有没有办法将这些时间戳转换成"min:sec:msec“格式？

我找到了一些可以解码的脚本，但是在运行时，我已经有了一个日志，并且希望手动解码它。

Answer 1

格式很简单：<N>表示日志级别为N，而在[]内部，从上一次系统启动到现在，以秒为单位。

因此，[ 107.245076]意味着消息在上次引导后记录了107秒和245076微秒(1分钟47秒245毫秒)。

但是，请记住，这不是挂钟时间，而是内核运行的时间。如果系统被暂停，它可能会停止，这在嵌入式设备上很常见，尤其是基于Android的设备。

Answer 2

dmesg有一个选项可以将此时间转换为人类可读的时间格式：

dmesg -T

这使得dmesg以这种格式打印内核消息：

[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] microcode: microcode updated early to revision 0x2f, date = 2019-02-17
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] Linux version 5.19.5-arch1-1 (linux@archlinux) (gcc (GCC) 12.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.39.0) #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Mon, 29 Aug 2022 15:51:05 +0000
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-linux root=UUID=86d93292-13aa-4c83-be14-180d0b44f5fe rw loglevel=3 resume=/dev/sda3 resume_offset=26787840
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] Disabled fast string operations
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x001: 'x87 floating point registers'
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x002: 'SSE registers'
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] x86/fpu: Supporting XSAVE feature 0x004: 'AVX registers'
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] x86/fpu: xstate_offset[2]:  576, xstate_sizes[2]:  256
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] x86/fpu: Enabled xstate features 0x7, context size is 832 bytes, using 'standard' format.
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] signal: max sigframe size: 1776
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] reserving inaccessible SNB gfx pages
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009d7ff] usable
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x000000000009d800-0x000000000009ffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000e0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x00000000da99efff] usable
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000da99f000-0x00000000dae9efff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dae9f000-0x00000000daf9efff] ACPI NVS
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000daf9f000-0x00000000daffefff] ACPI data
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000dafff000-0x00000000daffffff] usable
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000db000000-0x00000000df9fffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000f8000000-0x00000000fbffffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fec00000-0x00000000fec00fff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed08000-0x00000000fed08fff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed10000-0x00000000fed19fff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fed1c000-0x00000000fed1ffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000fee00000-0x00000000fee00fff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000ffd20000-0x00000000ffffffff] reserved
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000041e5fffff] usable
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] NX (Execute Disable) protection: active
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] SMBIOS 2.6 present.
[Tue Sep  6 13:57:24 2022] DMI: LENOVO 4291IR6/4291IR6, BIOS 8DET49WW (1.19 ) 07/01/2011