无法查看gprof分析器的完整输出。

Question

尽管使用-pg标志集编译了我的代码，但我无法查看来自gmon.out的gprof输出的完整细节。

具体来说，我不了解calls、self Ts/call和total Ts/call的详细信息。

这是gprof deepflow-static gmon.out的输出：

Flat profile:

Each sample counts as 0.01 seconds.
  %   cumulative   self              self     total           
 time   seconds   seconds    calls  Ts/call  Ts/call  name    
 52.72      7.18     7.18                             sor_coupled
 34.07     11.82     4.64                             compute_data_and_match
  2.28     12.13     0.31                             convolve_vert
  2.28     12.44     0.31                             compute_smoothness
  2.06     12.72     0.28                             convolve_horiz
  1.47     12.92     0.20                             color_image_resize_vert
  1.03     13.06     0.14                             sub_laplacian
  0.88     13.18     0.12                             image_resize_vert
  0.88     13.30     0.12                             image_warp
  0.73     13.40     0.10                             color_image_resize_horiz
  0.59     13.48     0.08                             image_resize_horiz
  0.18     13.51     0.03                             frexp
  0.15     13.53     0.02                             compute_one_level
  0.15     13.55     0.02                             fwrite
  0.15     13.57     0.02                             memcpy
  0.11     13.58     0.02                             __floorf_sse41
  0.07     13.59     0.01                             brk
  0.07     13.60     0.01                             color_image_png_load
  0.07     13.61     0.01                             get_derivatives
  0.07     13.62     0.01                             png_read_filter_row_paeth_multibyte_pixel

 %         the percentage of the total running time of the
time       program used by this function.

cumulative a running sum of the number of seconds accounted
 seconds   for by this function and those listed above it.

 self      the number of seconds accounted for by this
seconds    function alone.  This is the major sort for this
           listing.

calls      the number of times this function was invoked, if
           this function is profiled, else blank.

 self      the average number of milliseconds spent in this
ms/call    function per call, if this function is profiled,
       else blank.

 total     the average number of milliseconds spent in this
ms/call    function and its descendents per call, if this 
       function is profiled, else blank.

name       the name of the function.  This is the minor sort
           for this listing. The index shows the location of
       the function in the gprof listing. If the index is
       in parenthesis it shows where it would appear in
       the gprof listing if it were to be printed.


Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
notice and this notice are preserved.

这是我的Makefile

CC=gcc
CFLAGS=-Wall -g -O3
LDFLAGS=-g -Wall -O3
LIBFLAGS=-lm -ljpeg -lpng -pg
LIBAFLAGS=-static /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.a /usr/local/lib/libpng16.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.a

all: deepflow-static

deepflow: deepflow.o image.o io.o opticalflow_aux.o opticalflow.o solver.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(LIBFLAGS) -o $@ $^

deepflow-static: deepflow.o image.o io.o opticalflow_aux.o opticalflow.o solver.o
$(CC) $(LIBFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(LIBAFLAGS)

%.o: %.c
$(CC) -o $@ $(CFLAGS) -c $+ 

clean:
rm -f *.o deepflow

请帮我弄清楚缺了什么。提前感谢

Answer 1

当使用gprof运行的应用程序没有成功终止时，我就遇到了这种情况。

由于信息未完全写入gmon.out，分析文件的生成无法完成。

试着用以下几行退出程序：

        exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

并检查文件是否正确生成。

您还可以通过gdb运行该程序。

我不是Makefile专家，但是您应该分两个步骤使用-pg标志：

GPROF=-pg

all: $(SOURCES) $(EXECUTABLE)

$(EXECUTABLE): $(OBJECTS) 
    $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@ $(LIBS) $(GPROF)

.cpp.o:
    $(CC) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ $(GPROF)