如何使用toprettyxml()在同一行中给xml标记和文本

Question

我有这个文本文件20150731100543_1.txt

GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBGeneralErrorCode.0 = INTEGER: 0
GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBGeneralConnectedState.0 = INTEGER: true(1)
GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBGeneralPlatformID.0 = INTEGER: 2075
GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBMoCAfrequency.0 = INTEGER: 0
GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBMoCAMACAddress.0 = STRING: 0:0:0:0:0:0
GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::eSTBMoCANumberOfNodes.0 = INTEGER: 0

我想像下面这样用xml进行转换(20150731100543_1.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doc>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBGeneralErrorCode.0>
            INTEGER: 0
        </eSTBGeneralErrorCode.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBGeneralConnectedState.0>
            INTEGER: true(1)
        </eSTBGeneralConnectedState.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBGeneralPlatformID.0>
            INTEGER: 2075
        </eSTBGeneralPlatformID.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBMoCAfrequency.0>
            INTEGER: 0
        </eSTBMoCAfrequency.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBMoCAMACAddress.0>
            STRING: 0:0:0:0:0:0
        </eSTBMoCAMACAddress.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBMoCANumberOfNodes.0>
            INTEGER: 0
        </eSTBMoCANumberOfNodes.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
</doc>

我可以使用以下脚本完成这一任务：

import sys
import time
import commands
from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element, SubElement
from xml.etree import ElementTree
from xml.dom import minidom

def prettify(elem):
    """Return a pretty-printed XML string for the Element.
    """
    rough_string = ElementTree.tostring(elem, 'utf-8')
    reparsed = minidom.parseString(rough_string)
    return reparsed.toprettyxml(indent="    ", newl="\n", encoding="UTF-8")

if len(sys.argv) != 2:
    print "\nUsage: python script.py <IP>\n";
    exit(0)
filename_xml = '20150731100543_1.xml'#filename_xml = temp + ".xml"
print "xml filename is: %s\n" % filename_xml
xml = open(filename_xml, 'w+')

top = Element('doc')

with open('20150731100543_1.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
        b = line.split(':')
        child = SubElement(top, b[0])

        c = line.split()
        d = c[0].split(':')
        property =  SubElement(child, d[2])

        property.text = c[2] + " " + c[3]

xml.write(prettify(top))

xml.close()

我有三个问题：

1. 是否有任何方法(使用toprettyxml()或其他什么)来更改正在生成的xml，使其在同一行的标记中具有开放和结束标记和文本？
2. 另外，我可以只在结尾处开始时使用标记，而不是在它下面的每个元素中都有标记吗？(因为所有元素都在这个标记中)

因此，如果可能的话，xml的格式应该是：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doc>
    <GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
        <eSTBGeneralErrorCode.0>INTEGER: 0</eSTBGeneralErrorCode.0>
        <eSTBGeneralConnectedState.0>INTEGER: true(1)</eSTBGeneralConnectedState.0>
        <eSTBGeneralPlatformID.0>INTEGER: 2075</eSTBGeneralPlatformID.0>
        <eSTBMoCAfrequency.0>INTEGER: 0</eSTBMoCAfrequency.0>
        <eSTBMoCAMACAddress.0>STRING: 0:0:0:0:0:0</eSTBMoCAMACAddress.0>
        <eSTBMoCANumberOfNodes.0>INTEGER: 0</eSTBMoCANumberOfNodes.0>
    </GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH>
</doc>

我正在尝试这样做，因为这将在很大程度上减少xml中的行数。

最后一个也是最不重要的问题是：

1. 是否有更好的方法来获取每一行的子字符串，而不是使用split() 以open('20150731100543_1.txt')作为f: for行，在f: B= line.split(':')子=SubElement(顶部，b) C= line.split() d= c.split(':')属性=SubElement(子，d2) property.text = c2 +“”+ c3

请原谅我写了这么长的文章。

Answer 1

1& 2:我使用etree.tostring，没有任何这些问题。

3:可以用regex替换多个拆分操作。

这样做应该很好：

from lxml import etree
import re

filename_xml = '20150731100543_1.xml'

root = etree.Element('doc')
node = etree.SubElement(root, 'GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH')
f = open('20150731100543_1.txt')
text = f.read()
f.close()

# get tag and value from each row
for tag, value in re.findall('GI-eSTB-MIB-NPH::(.*) = (.*$)', text, re.MULTILINE):
   # create child node
   etree.SubElement(node, tag).text = value

xml = etree.tostring(root, pretty_print = True, encoding = 'utf-8', xml_declaration=True)

f = open(filename_xml, 'w')
f.write(xml)
f.close