使用Heroku部署Django应用程序时的错误

Question

我一直在尝试部署我的应用程序一整天，但没有运气。我遵循了这里上的步骤。我很难解释日志，所以我希望能在这里得到一些帮助。

settings.py

    """
Django settings for GingerEats project.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/settings/
"""


import os
import dj_database_url
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
ACTUAL_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
TEMPLATE_PATH = os.path.join(ACTUAL_DIR, 'templates')
STATIC_PATH = os.path.join(ACTUAL_DIR, 'static')


SECRET_KEY = 'SECRET_KEY'


DEBUG = False

TEMPLATE_DEBUG = True

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    TEMPLATE_PATH,
)

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

# Honor the 'X-Forwarded-Proto' header for request.is_secure()
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'GingerBites'
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'GingerEats.urls'

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'GingerEats.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/ref/settings/#databases
import dj_database_url
DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config()}
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'America/Los_Angeles'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True




STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    STATIC_PATH,
)

Procfile

web: gunicorn GingerEats.wsgi --log-file -

requirements.txt

beautifulsoup4==4.4.0
dateutils==0.6.6
dj-database-url==0.3.0
dj-static==0.0.6
Django==1.8.3
django-toolbelt==0.0.1
gunicorn==19.3.0
Pillow==2.9.0
psycopg2==2.6.1
python-dateutil==2.4.2
pytz==2015.4
six==1.9.0
static3==0.6.1
wheel==0.24.0

来自app助手文件的

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

heroku日志

2015-07-20T09:48:46.585197+00:00 heroku[slug-compiler]: Slug compilation started
2015-07-20T09:48:46.585221+00:00 heroku[slug-compiler]: Slug compilation finished
2015-07-20T09:48:46.632808+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
2015-07-20T09:48:49.329911+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2015-07-20T09:48:50.033795+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 02:48:50 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2015-07-20T09:48:50.063556+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:50 +0000] [3] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2015-07-20T09:48:50.019993+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 02:48:50 +0000] [9] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 9)
2015-07-20T09:48:50.040626+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:50 +0000] [3] [INFO] Handling signal: term
2015-07-20T09:48:50.370142+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn GingerEats.wsgi --log-file -`
2015-07-20T09:48:50.947622+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2015-07-20T09:48:53.132305+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2015-07-20T09:48:53.036580+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:53 +0000] [3] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.3.0
2015-07-20T09:48:53.043597+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:53 +0000] [3] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2015-07-20T09:48:53.158484+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:53 +0000] [10] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 10
2015-07-20T09:48:53.037329+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:53 +0000] [3] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:16584 (3)
2015-07-20T09:48:53.074698+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 09:48:53 +0000] [9] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 9
2015-07-20T09:48:56.052969+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=young-river-3159.herokuapp.com request_id=7bbae61c-1677-443e-a661-e5e49c8298fd fwd="73.189.127.134" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=475ms status=500 bytes=239
2015-07-20T09:55:45.893669+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=young-river-3159.herokuapp.com request_id=fa2f81a3-fa90-41c3-87f5-d1e7b0402fe9 fwd="73.189.127.134" dyno=web.1 connect=3ms service=32ms status=500 bytes=239
2015-07-20T09:57:53.360261+00:00 heroku[api]: Starting process with command `python manage.py collectstatic --noinput` by 
2015-07-20T09:57:58.504151+00:00 heroku[run.9993]: Awaiting client
2015-07-20T09:57:58.545153+00:00 heroku[run.9993]: Starting process with command `python manage.py collectstatic --noinput`
2015-07-20T09:57:58.884863+00:00 heroku[run.9993]: State changed from starting to up
2015-07-20T09:58:01.531091+00:00 heroku[run.9993]: State changed from up to complete
2015-07-20T09:58:01.516810+00:00 heroku[run.9993]: Process exited with status 1
2015-07-20T10:05:23.378880+00:00 heroku[slug-compiler]: Slug compilation started
2015-07-20T10:05:23.378899+00:00 heroku[slug-compiler]: Slug compilation finished
2015-07-20T10:05:23.321985+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 36e0a00 by me@gmail.com
2015-07-20T10:05:23.321985+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v23 created by me@gmail.com
2015-07-20T10:05:23.484287+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
2015-07-20T10:05:26.662103+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2015-07-20T10:05:27.376506+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:27 +0000] [3] [INFO] Handling signal: term
2015-07-20T10:05:27.377900+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 03:05:27 +0000] [9] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 9)
2015-07-20T10:05:27.377911+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 03:05:27 +0000] [10] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 10)
2015-07-20T10:05:27.795568+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:27 +0000] [3] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2015-07-20T10:05:28.751407+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2015-07-20T10:05:35.131870+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn GingerEats.wsgi --log-file -`
2015-07-20T10:05:38.259027+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:38 +0000] [3] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:13138 (3)
2015-07-20T10:05:38.259151+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:38 +0000] [3] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2015-07-20T10:05:38.281227+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:38 +0000] [9] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 9
2015-07-20T10:05:38.258301+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:38 +0000] [3] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.3.0
2015-07-20T10:05:38.311885+00:00 app[web.1]: [2015-07-20 10:05:38 +0000] [10] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 10
2015-07-20T10:05:39.141716+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2015-07-20T10:05:48.344166+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path="/" host=young-river-3159.herokuapp.com request_id=5ca6f7b1-fc15-45e1-9cd5-6d25e6f1c7f2 fwd="73.189.127.134" dyno=web.1 connect=0ms service=274ms status=500 bytes=239


**Actual push to heroku**

    git push heroku master
    Counting objects: 4, done.
    Delta compression using up to 4 threads.
    Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
    Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 357 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done.
    Total 4 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0)
    remote: Compressing source files... done.
    remote: Building source:
    remote: 
    remote: -----> Removing .DS_Store files
    remote: -----> Python app detected
    remote: -----> Installing dependencies with pip
    remote: You are using pip version 7.0.3, however version 7.1.0 is available.
    remote: You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
    remote: 
    remote: -----> Preparing static assets
    remote:        Collectstatic configuration error. To debug, run:
    remote:        $ heroku run python manage.py collectstatic --noinput
    remote: 
    remote: -----> Discovering process types
    remote:        Procfile declares types -> web
    remote: 
    remote: -----> Compressing... done, 37.9MB
    remote: -----> Launching... done, v22
    remote:        https://young-river-3159.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
    remote: 
    remote:  !   Cedar-10 will reach end-of-life on November 4th, 2015.
    remote:  !   Upgrade to Cedar-14 at your earliest convenience.
    remote:  !   For more information, check out the following Dev Center article:
    remote:  !   https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/cedar-14-migration
    remote: 
    remote: Verifying deploy.... done.
    To https://git.heroku.com/young-river-3159.git
       0e95162..4bc34e8  master -> master

**Static Assets debug**
    heroku run python manage.py collectstatic --noinput

    Running `python manage.py collectstatic --noinput` attached to terminal... up, run.9993
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
        execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
        utility.execute()
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
        self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 190, in fetch_command
        klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 41, in load_command_class
        return module.Command()
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 32, in __init__
        self.storage.path('')
      File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/storage.py", line 48, in path
        raise ImproperlyConfigured("You're using the staticfiles app "
    django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: You're using the staticfiles app without having set the STATIC_ROOT setting to a filesystem path.

Any help would be so much appreciated. This has been so difficult to overcome. Procfile and requirements.txt are in root directory. This all results in a 
Server Error (500).

Answer 1

您获得的错误日志很好地描述了这个问题：

...ImproperlyConfigured:您使用的是静态文件应用程序，而没有将STATIC_ROOT设置设置为文件系统路径。

您正在作为部署的一部分运行manage.py collectstatic命令。这应该从您的各种STATICFILES_DIRS中收集所有静态文件，并将它们放在一个文件夹中：STATIC_ROOT，用于您的them服务器(Apache或Nginx)来服务它们。

您需要为STATIC_ROOT选择一个文件夹，以便collectstatic可以根据这里的文件将静态文件放入该文件夹。

您还必须确保静态文件目录配置正确，并且您的the服务器正在正确地调用它们，但上述问题是当前问题的症结所在。

Answer 2

好吧，您正在使用调试模式false。发生此错误是因为您没有正确设置应用程序的静态文件目录。在您的settings.py中粘贴下面的代码。

#default static url
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

#this when debug is True, the project should look where static folder located, set STATICFILES_DIRS accordingly:
if DEBUG:
   STATICFILES_DIRS = [
   os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
   ]
#when you change environemnt to production, STATIC_ROOT should be given. 
else:
   STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static')

#for media files add followings:
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')