带有文件日志记录的Windows计划任务存储过程

Question

运行Server 2008 R2 Express (因此我无法创建维护计划并使用它的日志记录，因为它没有代理服务grrrr)

因此，我已经创建了一个存储过程，并将创建一个批处理文件，该文件将使用类似于

sqlcmd -S .\SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes"

-S = use this instance
-E = Use a trusted connection (the batch file will also reside on the same machine as the database)
-Q = Executes a query when sqlcmd starts and then immediately exits sqlcmd

现在的问题是我的存储过程输出消息，如何在文本文件中记录这些消息(使用>重定向？)那么，如何为每次运行包含存储过程输出的批处理文件创建一个新的日志文件？

我的Sp：

--Description : This script reorganizes and rebuilds the index if the fragmentation level is higher the given threshold
-- You can define the threshold for reorganize as well as for rebuild and script will work accordingly
-- INPUTS : @fillfactor - While rebuilding index what would be FILLFACTOR for new index
-- @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for reorganizing the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for reorganize
-- @@FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for rebuilding the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for rebuild
-- NOTES : PRINT statements are all queued up and don't show up until the entire script is printed. However, there is an alternative to PRINTing messages. 
-- You can raise an error that isn't really an error (code of 0) and you'll get the same effect--message will be printed immediately.
DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(1000) 
DECLARE @Table VARCHAR(255) 
DECLARE @SchemaName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @IndexName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @AvgFragmentationInPercent DECIMAL
DECLARE @fillfactor INT 
DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @Message VARCHAR(1000)

SET NOCOUNT ON

--You can specify your customized value for reorganize and rebuild indexes, the default values
--of 5 and 30 means index will be reorgnized if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 5 
--and less than 30, if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 30 then index will be rebuilt
SET @fillfactor = 80
SET @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit = '5.0' -- Percent
SET @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit = '30.0' -- Percent

BEGIN TRY

-- ensure the temporary table does not exist
IF (SELECT OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FramentedTableList')) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList;

SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieving indexes with high fragmentation from ' + DB_NAME() + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT

SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IPS.OBJECT_ID) AS [TableName], avg_fragmentation_in_percent, SI.name [IndexName], 
schema_name(ST.schema_id) AS [SchemaName], 0 AS IsProcessed INTO #FramentedTableList
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(), NULL, NULL, NULL , NULL) IPS
JOIN sys.tables ST WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = ST.OBJECT_ID
JOIN sys.indexes SI WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = SI.OBJECT_ID AND IPS.index_id = SI.index_id
WHERE ST.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND SI.name IS NOT NULL
AND avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= CONVERT(DECIMAL, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) 
ORDER BY avg_fragmentation_in_percent DESC

SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieved indexes with high fragmentation from ' + DB_NAME() + ' database.'

RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT

WHILE EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM #FramentedTableList WHERE IsProcessed = 0 )
BEGIN

  SELECT TOP 1 @Table = TableName, @AvgFragmentationInPercent = avg_fragmentation_in_percent, 
  @SchemaName = SchemaName, @IndexName = IndexName
  FROM #FramentedTableList
  WHERE IsProcessed = 0

  --Reorganizing the index
  IF((@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) AND (@AvgFragmentationInPercent < @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit))
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganizing Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REORGANIZE' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd 
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganize Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].' 
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  --Rebuilding the index
  ELSE IF (@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit )
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuilding Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF)' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuild     Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END

  UPDATE #FramentedTableList
  SET IsProcessed = 1 
  WHERE TableName = @Table
  AND IndexName = @IndexName
END

DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList 

END TRY

BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' There is some run time exception.'
  PRINT 'ERROR CODE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, ERROR_NUMBER()) 
  PRINT 'ERROR MESSAGE : ' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH

然后，我将将其作为windows调度任务运行。

UPDATE1:只是封住了所有阅读这篇文章的人，想知道怎么做，这可能会很有帮助.

最后，我在批处理文件中使用了以下内容：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename= c:\_testing\SP_Log_%timestamp%.log

sqlcmd -S .\SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes @dbName=MYDBNAME, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit='5.0', @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit='30.0'" -d MYDBNAME -o %filename%

它生成的文件如下：

C:\_testing\SP_Log_20-05-2015_9-57-54.90.log

对上文所列的战略计划作了一些小改动：

CREATE PROCEDURE sp_DefragIndexes
            @dbName sysname = null,
            @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10),
            @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
--Description : This script reorganizes and rebuilds the index if the fragmentation level is higher the given threshold
-- You can define the threshold for reorganize as well as for rebuild and script will work accordingly
-- INPUTS : @fillfactor - While rebuilding index what would be FILLFACTOR for new index
-- @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for reorganizing the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for reorganize
-- @@FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit - Fragmentation Level lower threshold to check for rebuilding the table, if the fragmentation is higher than this level, it will be considered for rebuild
-- NOTES : PRINT statements are all queued up and don't show up until the entire script is printed. However, there is an alternative to PRINTing messages. 
-- You can raise an error that isn't really an error (code of 0) and you'll get the same effect--message will be printed immediately.
DECLARE @cmd NVARCHAR(1000) 
DECLARE @Table VARCHAR(255) 
DECLARE @SchemaName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @IndexName VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @AvgFragmentationInPercent DECIMAL
DECLARE @fillfactor INT 
--DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
--DECLARE @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit VARCHAR(10)
DECLARE @Message VARCHAR(1000)

SET NOCOUNT ON

--You can specify your customized value for reorganize and rebuild indexes, the default values
--of 5 and 30 means index will be reorgnized if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 5 
--and less than 30, if the fragmentation level is more than equal to 30 then index will be rebuilt
SET @fillfactor = 80
--SET @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit = '5.0' -- Percent
--SET @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit = '30.0' -- Percent

BEGIN TRY

-- ensure the temporary table does not exist
IF (SELECT OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#FramentedTableList')) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList;

SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieving indexes with high fragmentation from ' + @dbName + ' database.'
RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT

SELECT OBJECT_NAME(IPS.OBJECT_ID) AS [TableName], avg_fragmentation_in_percent, SI.name [IndexName], 
schema_name(ST.schema_id) AS [SchemaName], 0 AS IsProcessed INTO #FramentedTableList
FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID(@dbName), NULL, NULL, NULL , NULL) IPS
JOIN sys.tables ST WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = ST.OBJECT_ID
JOIN sys.indexes SI WITH (nolock) ON IPS.OBJECT_ID = SI.OBJECT_ID AND IPS.index_id = SI.index_id
WHERE ST.is_ms_shipped = 0 AND SI.name IS NOT NULL
AND avg_fragmentation_in_percent >= CONVERT(DECIMAL, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) 
ORDER BY avg_fragmentation_in_percent DESC

SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Retrieved indexes with high fragmentation from ' + @dbName + ' database.'

RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT

WHILE EXISTS ( SELECT 1 FROM #FramentedTableList WHERE IsProcessed = 0 )
BEGIN

  SELECT TOP 1 @Table = TableName, @AvgFragmentationInPercent = avg_fragmentation_in_percent, 
  @SchemaName = SchemaName, @IndexName = IndexName
  FROM #FramentedTableList
  WHERE IsProcessed = 0

  --Reorganizing the index
  IF((@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit) AND (@AvgFragmentationInPercent < @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit))
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganizing Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REORGANIZE' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd 
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Reorganize Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].' 
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END
  --Rebuilding the index
  ELSE IF (@AvgFragmentationInPercent >= @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit )
  BEGIN
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuilding Index for [' + @Table + '] which has avg_fragmentation_in_percent = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, @AvgFragmentationInPercent) + '.'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    SET @cmd = 'ALTER INDEX ' + @IndexName + ' ON [' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@SchemaName)) + '].[' + RTRIM(LTRIM(@Table)) + '] REBUILD WITH (FILLFACTOR = ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(3),@fillfactor) + ', STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF)' 
    EXEC (@cmd)
    --PRINT @cmd
    SET @Message = 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' - Rebuild     Index completed successfully for [' + @Table + '].'
    RAISERROR(@Message, 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
    RAISERROR('', 0, 1) WITH NOWAIT
  END

  UPDATE #FramentedTableList
  SET IsProcessed = 1 
  WHERE TableName = @Table
  AND IndexName = @IndexName
END

DROP TABLE #FramentedTableList 

END TRY

BEGIN CATCH
  PRINT 'DATE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, GETDATE()) + ' There is some run time exception.'
  PRINT 'ERROR CODE : ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR, ERROR_NUMBER()) 
  PRINT 'ERROR MESSAGE : ' + ERROR_MESSAGE()
END CATCH

UPDATE2: I最终使用了以下批处理脚本，因为它可以更好地控制文件名：

SETLOCAL
set FILENAMEANDPATH= c:\_testing\SP_Log_%DATE:~0,2%-%DATE:~3,2%-%DATE:~6,4%_%TIME:~0,2%-%TIME:~3,2%.log

sqlcmd -S .\SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes @dbName=IndexFragmentationTest, @FragmentationThresholdForReorganizeTableLowerLimit='5.0', @FragmentationThresholdForRebuildTableLowerLimit='30.0'" -d IndexFragmentationTest -o %FILENAMEANDPATH%

它提供以下命名格式的文件：

SP_Log_20-05-2015_13-39.log

UPDATE3：我在上面的UPDATE2部分中使用的时间戳脚本如果时间小于10小时就不能工作，因为它在小时前留下了一个空间.因此，我现在使用以下方法。

set local
REM Preparing Timestamp Information
set year=%date:~6,4%
set month=%date:~3,2%
set day=%date:~0,2%
set hour=%time:~0,2%
REM Replace leading space with zero
if “%hour:~0,1%” ==” ” set hour=0%hour:~1,1%
set minute=%time:~3,2%
set seconds=%time:~6,2%
set FILENAMEANDPATH= c:\_testing\SP_Log_%day%-%month%-%year%_%hour%-%minute%-%seconds%.log

Answer 1

是的，使用重定向(>)输出到日志文件。您可以创建唯一的时间戳文件，如下所示：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename=SP_Log_%timestamp%.log

所以你的命令变成：

sqlcmd -S .\SQLEXPRESS -E -Q "EXEC sp_DefragIndexes" > %filename%

您可以将其作为独立的批处理文件运行，以查看所发生的事情：

set timestamp=%DATE:/=-%_%TIME::=-%
set timestamp=%timestamp: =%
set filename=SP_Log_%timestamp%.log
echo %filename%
pause