打包python .app文件崩溃，但打包python .sh文件工作正常

Question

我在上用Python3.4.3、Pyqt4和其他一些附加程序(其中之一是Poppler)制作了一个应用程序。

我正在使用cx_freeze生成一个工作的.app文件，并最终生成一个工作的.app文件。在使用build命令构建应用程序之后，我一直在测试它是否正常工作，就像在"python3 setup.py build“中一样。这一切都正常，没有意外的崩溃。接下来使用"python3 setup.py bdist_dmg“对其进行打包。打开dmg文件/app文件，它们立即崩溃，从而产生以下错误：

Process:               main [1098]
Path:                  /Users/USER/*/FYP-0.1.app/Contents/MacOS/main
Identifier:            main
Version:               0
Code Type:             X86-64 (Native)
Parent Process:        ??? [1]
Responsible:           main [1098]
User ID:               501

Date/Time:             2015-05-12 02:18:16.867 +0100
OS Version:            Mac OS X 10.10.3 (14D131)
Report Version:        11
Anonymous UUID:        8A613A61-D35F-9A4C-8E97-57069A95BF20


Time Awake Since Boot: 1300 seconds

Crashed Thread:        0  Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread

Exception Type:        EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGSEGV)
Exception Codes:       KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x0000000000000000

VM Regions Near 0:
--> 
__TEXT                 0000000103135000-0000000103138000 [   12K] r-  x/rwx SM=COW  /Users/USER/*/FYP-0.1.app/Contents/MacOS/main

Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread
0   QtGui                           0x000000010ecf126b   QApplication::setActiveWindow(QWidget*) + 315
1   QtGui                           0x000000010ec90b7d  onApplicationWindowChangedActivation(QWidget*, bool) + 100
2   com.apple.CoreFoundation        0x00007fff8e99045c __CFNOTIFICATIONCENTER_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_AN_OBSERVER__ + 12
3   com.apple.CoreFoundation        0x00007fff8e880634 _CFXNotificationPost + 3140
4   com.apple.Foundation            0x00007fff94cd29d1 -[NSNotificationCenter postNotificationName:object:userInfo:] + 66
5   com.apple.AppKit                0x00007fff9048dbd9 -[NSWindow becomeKeyWindow] + 1406
6   com.apple.AppKit                0x00007fff9048cf3e -[NSWindow _changeKeyAndMainLimitedOK:] + 795
7   com.apple.AppKit                0x00007fff9048cb36 -[NSWindow _makeKeyRegardlessOfVisibility] + 98
8   com.apple.AppKit                0x00007fff9048ca9e -[NSWindow makeKeyAndOrderFront:] + 27
9   QtGui                           0x00000001045cfea7 QWidgetPrivate::show_sys() + 629
10  QtGui                           0x000000010466c39c QWidgetPrivate::show_helper() + 432
11  QtGui                           0x000000010466ccce QWidget::setVisible(bool) + 800
12  PyQt4.QtGui.so                  0x0000000103f40634 sipQMainWindow::setVisible(bool) + 100
13  PyQt4.QtGui.so                  0x00000001040f7ed9 meth_QWidget_show(_object*, _object*) + 105
14  Python                          0x0000000103315ad5 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 22129
15  Python                          0x0000000103318f12 fast_function + 203
16  Python                          0x0000000103315964 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 21760
17  Python                          0x00000001033102ad PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 1622
18  Python                          0x000000010329e7ab function_call + 372
19  Python                          0x000000010327e576 PyObject_Call + 103
20  Python                          0x000000010328fca8 method_call +   136
21  Python                          0x000000010327e576 PyObject_Call + 103
22  Python                          0x00000001032c45b2 slot_tp_init + 57
23  Python                          0x00000001032c1b48 type_call + 172
24  Python                          0x000000010327e576 PyObject_Call + 103
25  Python                          0x000000010331582a PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 21446
26  Python                          0x00000001033102ad PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 1622
27  Python                          0x000000010330fc51 PyEval_EvalCode + 63
28  Python                          0x000000010330d6e3 builtin_exec + 536
29  Python                          0x0000000103315ad5 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 22129
30  Python                          0x00000001033102ad PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 1622
31  Python                          0x000000010330fc51 PyEval_EvalCode + 63
32  main                            0x0000000103136cc5 main + 1957
33  libdyld.dylib                   0x00007fff986995c9 start + 1

Thread 1:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.libdispatch-manager
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff91651232 kevent64 + 10
1   libdispatch.dylib               0x00007fff96fd0a6a _dispatch_mgr_thread + 52

Thread 2:
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff9165094a __workq_kernreturn + 10
1   libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00007fff92c4e40d start_wqthread + 13

Thread 3:
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff9165094a __workq_kernreturn + 10
1   libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00007fff92c4e40d start_wqthread + 13

Thread 4:
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff9165094a __workq_kernreturn + 10
1   libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00007fff92c4e40d start_wqthread + 13

Thread 5:
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff9165094a __workq_kernreturn + 10
1   libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00007fff92c4e40d start_wqthread + 13

Thread 6:
0   libsystem_kernel.dylib          0x00007fff9165094a __workq_kernreturn + 10
1   libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00007fff92c4e40d start_wqthread + 13

Thread 0 crashed with X86 Thread State (64-bit):
  rax: 0x0000000000000000  rbx: 0x00007fbe8322a670  rcx: 0x00007fbe8326d0a0  rdx: 0x0000000000000002
  rdi: 0x00007fbe8322a670  rsi: 0x0000000000000001  rbp: 0x00007fff5cac8ea0  rsp: 0x00007fff5cac8df0
   r8: 0x0000000000000000   r9: 0x00007fbe830f90a0  r10: 0x0000000000000011  r11: 0x00007fff7bbdc190
  r12: 0x00007fbe8322a670  r13: 0x00000000000f42cd  r14: 0x00007fbe83296370  r15: 0x000000010f578228
  rip: 0x000000010ecf126b  rfl: 0x0000000000010202  cr2: 0x0000000000000000

Logical CPU:     0
Error Code:      0x00000004
Trap Number:     14

有更多的，但我不知道有多少是相关的。这是我的setup.py文件：

from cx_Freeze import setup, Executable
import sys
import os

base = None
if sys.platform == "win32":
    base = "Win32GUI"

zips = ["implementation/primaries/GUI/designer_files",
         "implementation/primaries/GUI/themes",     "implementation/primaries/GUI/images",
     "implementation/primaries/scripts"]
build_exe_options = {"packages": ["os"], "excludes": ["tkinter"],
                 "include_files":zips}


setup(
    name='FYP',
    version='0.1',
    packages=['implementation', 'implementation.primaries',     'implementation.primaries.GUI', 'implementation.primaries.scripts',
              'implementation.primaries.GUI.pyqt_plugins',     'implementation.primaries.Drawing',     'implementation.primaries.Drawing.classes',
          'implementation.primaries.Drawing.classes.tree_cls',     'implementation.primaries.ExtractMetadata',
              'implementation.primaries.ExtractMetadata.classes',     'implementation.primaries.ImportOnlineDBs','implementation.primaries.ImportOnlineDBs.classes'],
    description='MuseLib',
    options = {"build_exe": build_exe_options},
    executables = [Executable("implementation/main.py", base=base)]
)

我不知道问题是什么，我看到其他一些人也有类似的问题，但他们似乎要么在早期版本的Python上，要么在旧版本的OS上，而这些修复并没有解决我的问题。如能就如何开展工作提出任何建议，将不胜感激。

Answer 1

找到了更好的调试方法:右键单击app文件“查看包内容”，MacOS >选择与setup.py中给出的文件同名的可执行文件(对我来说，这是主要的)。我得到的错误：QWidget: Must construct a QApplication before a QPaintDevice

我通过初始化我的Application对象，然后初始化我的主窗口对象，然后显示主窗口，然后调用一个load方法来设置这个窗口来修正这个问题。我最初是在构造函数中做这个部分，这是由于某种原因造成了问题。现在，我在打开/关闭窗口和关闭其他窗口时遇到了问题，但这可能是另一个问题或搜索会话的最佳选择。