pg_config显示的是9.4而不是9.3

Question

我正在使用Postgres9.3，但是我的pg_config值为9.4，这使得我无法构建扩展(pgTap)。

$ sudo aptitude search postgresql | grep ^i
i   postgresql-9.3                  - object-relational SQL database,
version 9.
i   postgresql-client-9.3           - front-end programs for PostgreSQL 9.3

i A postgresql-client-common        - manager for multiple PostgreSQL client
ver
i A postgresql-common               - PostgreSQL database-cluster manager

i   postgresql-contrib-9.3          - additional facilities for PostgreSQL

如您所见，我已经安装了9.3个

$ pg_config
BINDIR = /usr/lib/postgresql/9.4/bin
DOCDIR = /usr/share/doc/postgresql-doc-9.4
HTMLDIR = /usr/share/doc/postgresql-doc-9.4
INCLUDEDIR = /usr/include/postgresql
PKGINCLUDEDIR = /usr/include/postgresql
INCLUDEDIR-SERVER = /usr/include/postgresql/9.4/server
LIBDIR = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
PKGLIBDIR = /usr/lib/postgresql/9.4/lib
LOCALEDIR = /usr/share/locale
MANDIR = /usr/share/postgresql/9.4/man
SHAREDIR = /usr/share/postgresql/9.4
SYSCONFDIR = /etc/postgresql-common
PGXS = /usr/lib/postgresql/9.4/lib/pgxs/src/makefiles/pgxs.mk
CONFIGURE = '--with-tcl' '--with-perl' '--with-python' '--with-pam'
'--with-openssl' '--with-libxml' '--with-libxslt'
'--with-tclconfig=/usr/lib/tcl8.5' '--with-includes=/usr/include/tcl8.5'
'PYTHON=/usr/bin/python' '--mandir=/usr/share/postgresql/9.4/man'
'--docdir=/usr/share/doc/postgresql-doc-9.4'
'--sysconfdir=/etc/postgresql-common' '--datarootdir=/usr/share/'
'--datadir=/usr/share/postgresql/9.4' '--bindir=/usr/lib/postgresql/9.4/bin'
'--libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/' '--libexecdir=/usr/lib/postgresql/'
'--includedir=/usr/include/postgresql/' '--enable-nls'
'--enable-integer-datetimes' '--enable-thread-safety' '--enable-debug'
'--disable-rpath' '--with-uuid=e2fs' '--with-gnu-ld' '--with-pgport=5432'
'--with-system-tzdata=/usr/share/zoneinfo' 'CFLAGS=-g -O2 -fstack-protector
--param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Wformat-security -Werror=format-security
-I/usr/include/mit-krb5 -fPIC -pie -DLINUX_OOM_SCORE_ADJ=0
-fno-omit-frame-pointer' 'LDFLAGS=-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro
-Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -L/usr/lib/mit-krb5
-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mit-krb5' '--with-krb5' '--with-gssapi'
'--with-ldap' 'CPPFLAGS=-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2'
CC = gcc
CPPFLAGS = -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -D_GNU_SOURCE -I/usr/include/libxml2
-I/usr/include/tcl8.5
CFLAGS = -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith
-Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute
-Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard
-g -g -O2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat
-Wformat-security -Werror=format-security -I/usr/include/mit-krb5 -fPIC -pie
-DLINUX_OOM_SCORE_ADJ=0 -fno-omit-frame-pointer
CFLAGS_SL = -fpic
LDFLAGS = -L../../../src/common -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro
-Wl,-z,now -Wl,--as-needed -L/usr/lib/mit-krb5
-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/mit-krb5 -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
-Wl,--as-needed
LDFLAGS_EX =
LDFLAGS_SL =
LIBS = -lpgcommon -lpgport -lxslt -lxml2 -lpam -lssl -lcrypto -lgssapi_krb5
-lz -ledit -lrt -lcrypt -ldl -lm
VERSION = PostgreSQL 9.4.1

从ls (例如，/usr/lib/postgresql)对来自pg_config的任何/postgresql位置运行/usr/lib/postgresql只返回9.3。

运行which pg_config会导致：/usr/bin/pg_config

查看/usr/bin/pg_config (使用vi)，内容如下：

PGBINROOT="/usr/lib/postgresql/"
LATEST_SERVER_DEV=`ls $PGBINROOT*/bin/pg_config 2>/dev/null|tail -n1`

if [ -n "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" ]; then
    exec "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" "$@"
else
    if [ -x /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev ]; then
        exec /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev "$@"
  ...
  ...
  ...

现在查看/usr/lib/postgresql/9.3/bin并不生成pg_config文件。

使用apt-get purge postgresql-9.3和apt-get install postgresql-9.3并不能解决这个问题。

我发现最接近答案的是：

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/postgresql-common/+bug/789622

我已经采取了所提倡的两个步骤(升级libpq5和libpq-dev)而没有效果。

对于这种情况是如何发生的，以及如何解决它(或者至少是解决它的问题)，有什么见解吗？我会满足于手动重新定位pg_config的能力(尽管实际的解释和修复会更好)。是否有一种方法可以在pg_config目录中实例化/usr/lib/postgresql/9.3文件？

Answer 1

这是通过跑来帮我解决的：

sudo apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-9.3

但我还是不知道我是怎么进入那种状态的。

Answer 2

我跑步也遇到了同样的问题：

apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-all

在pg9.4实例上，它安装了9.1、9.2、9.3、9.4和9.5版本的包。

事实证明，这个脚本：

/usr/bin/pg_config

查找最新版本并运行它：

#!/bin/sh

# If postgresql-server-dev-* is installed, call pg_config from the latest
# available one. Otherwise fall back to libpq-dev's version.
#
# (C) 2011 Martin Pitt <mpitt@debian.org>
#
#  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
#  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
#  (at your option) any later version.
#
#  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#  GNU General Public License for more details.
set -e
PGBINROOT="/usr/lib/postgresql/"
LATEST_SERVER_DEV=\`ls $PGBINROOT*/bin/pg_config 2>/dev/null|tail -n1\`

if [ -n "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" ]; then
    exec "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" "$@"
else
    if [ -x /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev ]; then
    exec /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev "$@"
    else
    echo "You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side application." >&2
    exit 1
    fi
fi

解决方案是删除目录: /usr/lib/postgresql/9.5

Answer 3

Ubuntu设计它的Postgres包，这样大多数命令将使用一个PGCLUSTER envvar，其值类似于9.5/main，以便您可以控制命令应该使用的版本/集群。可悲的是，pg_config没有！但是/usr/bin/pg_config只是一个bash包装器，所以我添加了几行代码如下：

set -e
PGBINROOT="/usr/lib/postgresql/"
#redhat# PGBINROOT="/usr/pgsql-"

# MY CHANGES START HERE
if [ -n "$PGCLUSTER" ]; then
  exec "$PGBINROOT/$PGCLUSTER/bin/pg_config" "$@"
fi
# MY CHANGES END HERE

LATEST_SERVER_DEV=`ls $PGBINROOT*/bin/pg_config 2>/dev/null|tail -n1`

if [ -n "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" ]; then
    exec "$LATEST_SERVER_DEV" "$@"
else
    if [ -x /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev ]; then
  exec /usr/bin/pg_config.libpq-dev "$@"
    else
  echo "You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side application." >&2
  exit 1
    fi
fi

这不支持通常的PGCLUSTER字符串中的集群部分，但您仍然可以说是PGCLUSTER=9.3 make，例如，当我为我安装的版本构建postgres扩展时，这对我有帮助。

我想在这里为我的变量使用不同的名称可能更安全，但到目前为止它还没有给我带来问题。:-)