我怎么才能在不破坏我的系统的情况下建立家庭酿造系统呢？

Question

迫于压力，我安装了自制的，并给它一个漩涡。但我对到目前为止的经历感到惊讶。我对Homebrew的印象是，它是一个易于使用、安全和独立的OS包管理器，但这不是我的经验。

(1)它所做的第一件事是更改一些外观可怕的目录的权限：

    ==> The following directories will be made group writable:
    /usr/local/.
    /usr/local/bin
    /usr/local/include
    /usr/local/lib
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
    /usr/local/share
    /usr/local/share/man
    /usr/local/share/man/man1
    /usr/local/share/man/man3
    /usr/local/share/man/man7
    /usr/local/share/info
    /usr/local/share/doc
    ==> The following directories will have their group set to admin:
    /usr/local/.
    /usr/local/bin
    /usr/local/include
    /usr/local/lib
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
    /usr/local/share
    /usr/local/share/man
    /usr/local/share/man/man1
    /usr/local/share/man/man3
    /usr/local/share/man/man7
    /usr/local/share/info
    /usr/local/share/doc

(2)它所做的下一件事(按照建议的运行brew doctor的过程)是要求我删除一整堆看上去可怕的文件：

Warning: Some directories in /usr/local/share/man aren't writable.
This can happen if you "sudo make install" software that isn't managed
by Homebrew. If a brew tries to add locale information to one of these
directories, then the install will fail during the link step.
You should probably `chown` them:

    /usr/local/share/man/de
    /usr/local/share/man/de/man1
    /usr/local/share/man/mann

Warning: Broken symlinks were found. Remove them with `brew prune`:
  /usr/local/share/ghostscript/9.05/Resource/Font/blex.pfb
  [hundreds...]

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs:
    /usr/local/lib/libasan.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libasan.2.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libatomic.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libcdt.5.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libcgraph.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libcilkrts.5.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgcc_ext.10.4.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgcc_ext.10.5.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgcc_s.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgcc_s.10.4.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgcc_s.10.5.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgfortran.2.0.0.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgfortran.3.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.10.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgmpxx.4.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgomp.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgvc.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libgvpr.2.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libitm.1.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/liblkdynam.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/liblkrealt.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/liblksec.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/liblksock.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libmpc.3.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libmpfr.4.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libpathplan.4.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libquadmath.0.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libssp.0.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libstdc++.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libtcl8.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libtk8.6.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libubsan.0.dylib
    /usr/local/lib/libxdot.4.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed header files were found in /usr/local/include.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected header files:
    /usr/local/include/c++/5.0.0/backward/auto_ptr.h
    [hundreds...]

Warning: Unbrewed .la files were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .la files:
    /usr/local/lib/libasan.la
    /usr/local/lib/libatomic.la
    /usr/local/lib/libcilkrts.la
    /usr/local/lib/libgfortran.la
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.la
    /usr/local/lib/libgmpxx.la
    /usr/local/lib/libgomp.la
    /usr/local/lib/libitm.la
    /usr/local/lib/libmpc.la
    /usr/local/lib/libmpfr.la
    /usr/local/lib/libquadmath.la
    /usr/local/lib/libssp.la
    /usr/local/lib/libssp_nonshared.la
    /usr/local/lib/libstdc++.la
    /usr/local/lib/libsupc++.la
    /usr/local/lib/libubsan.la

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files:
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libcdt.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libcgraph.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libgvc.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libgvpr.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libpathplan.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/libxdot.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tcl.pc
    /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tk.pc

Warning: Unbrewed static libraries were found in /usr/local/lib.
If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when
building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected static libraries:
    /usr/local/lib/libatomic.a
    /usr/local/lib/libcilkrts.a
    /usr/local/lib/libgfortran.a
    /usr/local/lib/libgmp.a
    /usr/local/lib/libgmpxx.a
    /usr/local/lib/libgomp.a
    /usr/local/lib/libitm.a
    /usr/local/lib/libmpc.a
    /usr/local/lib/libmpfr.a
    /usr/local/lib/libquadmath.a
    /usr/local/lib/libssp.a
    /usr/local/lib/libssp_nonshared.a
    /usr/local/lib/libstdc++.a
    /usr/local/lib/libsupc++.a
    /usr/local/lib/libtclstub8.6.a
    /usr/local/lib/libtkstub8.6.a

(3)它未能安装，例如，试图安装matplotlib-basemap给了我

==> Installing matplotlib-basemap from homebrew/homebrew-python
==> Installing dependencies for matplotlib-basemap: numpy, pkg-config, libpng, freetype, matplotlib, jpeg, libtiff, little-cms2, webp, pillow
==> Installing matplotlib-basemap dependency: numpy
==> Using Homebrew-provided fortran compiler.
This may be changed by setting the FC environment variable.
==> Downloading https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/numpy/NumPy/1.9.1/numpy-1.9.1.tar.gz
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/numpy-1.9.1.tar.gz
==> Patching
==> python setup.py build --fcompiler=gnu95 install --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/numpy/1.9.1
  File "/private/tmp/numpy-PSE07t/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/gnu.py", line 197, in get_flags_opt
    v = self.get_version()
  File "/private/tmp/numpy-PSE07t/numpy-1.9.1/numpy/distutils/fcompiler/__init__.py", line 434, in get_version
    raise CompilerNotFound()
numpy.distutils.fcompiler.CompilerNotFound
couldn't understand kern.osversion `14.0.0'

尽管我已经安装了ScyPy堆栈和gfortran，并且运行良好。

有办法摆脱这种混乱吗？如何从工作配置(Xcode、Python、在site-packages中使用pip维护的Python包等)获得？也使用自制(并继续工作)？我真的需要遵循医生的所有建议并删除所有这些文件才能继续下去吗?这样做安全吗？

Answer 1

你所展示的问题并不代表一个普遍的问题。

1. Homebrew“接管”/usr/local/的事实是一个有充分记录的设计决策。一开始它可能是“可怕的”，但对每个人来说都是如此。如果您真的想这样做，可以在另一个目录中安装Homebrew。
2. 如果您已经在/usr/local/下安装了现有的非酿造软件，则/usr/local/警告也是正常的。请注意，这些警告的结果是，如果您有问题，这些可能是原因。它没有说，删除所有这些文件之前，做任何其他事情。(在这个问题上有很多问题)
3. 和4.只是运气不好的AFAICT。这些都有点离谱，所以他们现在可能遇到了一些问题。

如果你能安装主流的软件包，比如，我不知道，git，make或lynx，那么一切可能都很好，你只需要解决单个软件包的问题。